Uta-Renate Blumenthal | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Academic background | |
| Alma mater | Columbia University |
| Thesis | The councils of Pope Paschal II from 1100-1110 : text-critical study (1973) |
Uta-Renate Blumenthal is a German-born American medievalist and expert on canon law history, and professor emerita at the Catholic University of America. She is known for her work on the Investiture Controversy and on Pope Gregory VII.
Blumenthal studied at Columbia University where she received her BA (1969), MA (1970) and Ph.D. (1973). [1] From 1973 to 1979 she was assistant professor at Vanderbilt University, then at the Catholic University of America, before becoming a full professor there in 1988. [1] She was a Radcliffe Institute Fellow from 1976 to 77, a visiting fellow at All Souls College at Oxford in 1987, and also a visiting professor at the University of Heidelberg in 1988. [1] Since 1996, she has been part of the board of directors of the Stephan Kuttner Institute of Medieval Canon Law. [2] In 1997, she was elected president of the American Catholic Historical Association. [3]
Her research focuses on ecclesiastical history and especially canon law in the 11th and 12th centuries, the manuscript tradition of conciliar canons and papal letters, and also liturgy in the High Middle Ages.
Blumenthal was elected fellow of the Medieval Academy in 2017. [7]
The Concordat of Worms, also referred to as the Pactum Callixtinum or Pactum Calixtinum, was an agreement between the Catholic Church and the Holy Roman Empire which regulated the procedure for the appointment of bishops and abbots in the Empire. Signed on 23 September 1122 in the German city of Worms by Pope Callixtus II and Emperor Henry V, the agreement set an end to the Investiture Controversy, a conflict between state and church over the right to appoint religious office holders that had begun in the middle of the 11th century.
Pope Urban II, otherwise known as Odo of Châtillon or Otho de Lagery, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 March 1088 to his death. He is best known for convening the Council of Clermont which ignited the series of Christian military expeditions known as the Crusades.
Pope Gregory VII, born Hildebrand of Sovana, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 April 1073 to his death in 1085. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church.
Pope Paschal II, born Ranierius, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 13 August 1099 to his death in 1118. A monk of the Abbey of Cluny, he was created the cardinal-priest of San Clemente by Pope Gregory VII (1073–85) in 1073. He was consecrated as pope in succession to Pope Urban II (1088–99) on 19 August 1099. His reign of almost twenty years was exceptionally long for a medieval pope.
The Investiture Controversy or Investiture Contest was a conflict between the Church and the state in medieval Europe over the ability to choose and install bishops (investiture) and abbots of monasteries and the pope himself. A series of popes in the 11th and 12th centuries undercut the power of the Holy Roman Emperor and other European monarchies, and the controversy led to nearly 50 years of conflict.
The Road to Canossa or Humiliation of Canossa, or, sometimes, the Walk to Canossa was the journey of the Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV to Canossa Castle in 1077, and his subsequent ritual submission there to Pope Gregory VII. It took place during the Investiture controversy and involved the Emperor seeking absolution and the revocation of his excommunication by the Pope who had been staying at the castle as the guest of Margravine Matilda of Tuscany.
The Gregorian Reforms were a series of reforms initiated by Pope Gregory VII and the circle he formed in the papal curia, c. 1050–80, which dealt with the moral integrity and independence of the clergy. The reforms are considered to be named after Pope Gregory VII (1073–85), though he personally denied it and claimed his reforms, like his regnal name, honoured Pope Gregory I.
This is a timeline of German history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Germany and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Germany. See also the list of German monarchs and list of chancellors of Germany and the list of years in Germany.
The Council of Piacenza was a mixed synod of ecclesiastics and laymen of the Roman Catholic Church, which took place from March 1 to March 7, 1095, at Piacenza.
A Diocesan Administrator is a provisional ordinary of a Catholic particular church.
Anselm of Lucca, born Anselm of Baggio, was a medieval bishop of Lucca in Italy and a prominent figure in the Investiture Controversy amid the fighting in central Italy between Matilda, countess of Tuscany, and Emperor Henry IV. His uncle Anselm preceded him as bishop of Lucca before being elected to the papacy as Pope Alexander II and so he is sometimes distinguished as Anselm the Younger or Anselm II.
During the Middle Ages, a proprietary church was a church, abbey or cloister built on private ground by a feudal lord, over which he retained proprietary interests, especially the right of what in English law is "advowson", that of nominating the ecclesiastic personnel.
Potestas is a Latin word meaning power or faculty. It is an important concept in Roman Law.
Liemar was archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen from 1072 to 1101, and an important figure of the early Investiture Contest.
Robert Eugene Somerville was, until his retirement, the Ada Byron Bampton Tremaine Professor of Religion and Professor of History at Columbia University, New York. Since July 1, 2020, he has been the Tremaine Professor Emeritus of Religion.
The history of the papacy from 1046 to 1216 was marked by conflict between popes and the Holy Roman Emperor, most prominently the Investiture Controversy, a dispute over who— pope or emperor— could appoint bishops within the Empire. Henry IV's Walk to Canossa in 1077 to meet Pope Gregory VII (1073–85), although not dispositive within the context of the larger dispute, has become legendary. Although the emperor renounced any right to lay investiture in the Concordat of Worms (1122), the issue would flare up again.
Gerard II, sometimes Gerard of Lessines, was the thirty-third bishop of Cambrai from 1076 and the last who was also bishop of Arras. He was a prince-bishop of the Holy Roman Empire, and his episcopacy coincided with the beginning of the Investiture Controversy between emperor and pope.
Conrad I [of Abenberg] was Archbishop of Salzburg, Austria, in the first half of the 12th century.
The Synod of Brixen was a church council held on 15 June 1080 in the episcopal city of Brixen. It was convoked by King Henry IV of Germany at the height of the Investiture Controversy to pass judgement on Pope Gregory VII. The synod issued a decree condemning the pope, demanding his abdication and authorizing his deposition if he refused. The synod also elected his successor, Wibert of Ravenna.
Rüdiger Huzmann was a German religious leader who served as the Roman Catholic Bishop of Speyer from 1075 to his death. He was born into an old Speyer family with Salian connections and before c. 1065 became a canon at Speyer Cathedral and head of the Speyer cathedral school.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Academics | |
| People | |
| Other | |
