V. N. Krishnamurthy

Last updated

Dr. V. N. Krishnamurthy
Born(1937-01-12)12 January 1937
Nationality Indian
Known for Indian space program
Scientific career
Fields Chemistry
Institutions Indian Space Research Organization
University of Pune

Dr. V. N. Krishnamurthy (born 12 January 1937) is the former Dy. Director of VSSC and Honorable Director of ISRO-UoP Interaction cell. He obtained his M.Sc. from Madras University and Ph.D. from Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore in 1967. He joined Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, (Indian Space Research Organization) in February 1968 as chief of analytical facility. He became head of the Propellant Engineering Division in 1976, Group Director Propellants Group in 1986, and Deputy Director in 1989 before retiring in February 1997. After retiring, he became the Honorary Director of DRDO-ISRO-UoP Cells, which coordinates the activities undertaken for ISRO and DRDO at University of Pune. His tenure was over in August 2004 and after that he worked as an editor for two different encyclopaedias. Now he spends his time writing books and doing special guest lectures at universities and colleges in India.

Contents

Research

His main interests are in solid propellants for launch vehicles and sounding rockets, polymers and materials indigenisation. He was responsible for the development of propellants based on HEF20, ISRO polyol, PBAN, CTPB and HTPB for launch vehicles. He indigenised and scaled up all the polymers used as binders in launch vehicles. His important contributions are development of HTPB based propellants currently used in Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle and Geostationary Launch Vehicle stages, igniters and auxiliary rocket motors.

He established facilities for the synthesis and scale up of polymers and propellants used in launch vehicles and satellite systems for India. He planned, designed and set up the ammonium perchlorate experimental plant (APEP) at Alwaye and polymer complex at Veli Trivandrum. He planned, established and commissioned a pilot plant at Ordnance Factory Itarsi as a step towards indigenisation of equipments used in double base propellants.

He has published more than 150 papers in national and international journals and presented more than 150 papers in national and international conferences. [1] [2] [3]

Awards

He was given the NRDC award in 1994 for contributions to propellants and for the development of a new technology of making big solid propellant grains. [4] He was presented with the FIE foundation award at Ichalkaranji for overall contributions to polymers and propellants development for space programmes. He was awarded the Materials Research Society (MRSI) award for contributions to materials research for space programmes in 1997.

Fellowships and memberships

Books

Editor, The Fertilizer Encyclopedia, ISBN   0-470-41034-5 [5]

Author, The Pesticide Encyclopedia, ISBN   978-1780640143 [6]

E. V. S. Namboodiry and V.N. Krishnamurthy, Liquid Hydrogen as a Fuel for Ground, Air and Naval Vehicles, In Progress in Hydrogen Energy edited by R. P. Dahia, pp. 133–158, ISBN   978-90-277-2440-3 [7]

A.J. Raghavan, & V.N. Krishnamurthy, Insulation, liner and inhibition system. In Propellants and explosives technology, edited by S. Krishnan, S.R. Chakravarthy, and S.K. Athithan. Allied Publishers, New Delhi, 1998. pp. 227–44.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Explosive</span> Substance that can explode

An explosive is a reactive substance that contains a great amount of potential energy that can produce an explosion if released suddenly, usually accompanied by the production of light, heat, sound, and pressure. An explosive charge is a measured quantity of explosive material, which may either be composed solely of one ingredient or be a mixture containing at least two substances.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Solid-propellant rocket</span> Rocket with a motor that uses solid propellants

A solid-propellant rocket or solid rocket is a rocket with a rocket engine that uses solid propellants (fuel/oxidizer). The earliest rockets were solid-fuel rockets powered by gunpowder; they were used in warfare by the Arabs, Chinese, Persians, Mongols, and Indians as early as the 13th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hybrid-propellant rocket</span> Rocket engine that uses both liquid / gaseous and solid fuel

A hybrid-propellant rocket is a rocket with a rocket motor that uses rocket propellants in two different phases: one solid and the other either gas or liquid. The hybrid rocket concept can be traced back to the early 1930s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ammonium perchlorate</span> Chemical compound

Ammonium perchlorate ("AP") is an inorganic compound with the formula NH4ClO4. It is a colorless or white solid that is soluble in water. It is a powerful oxidizer. Combined with a fuel, it can be used as a rocket propellant called ammonium perchlorate composite propellant. Its instability has involved it in a number of accidents, such as the PEPCON disaster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle</span> Expendable system for launching satellites, developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation

The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) is an expendable medium-lift launch vehicle designed and operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It was developed to allow India to launch its Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites into sun-synchronous orbits, a service that was, until the advent of the PSLV in 1993, only commercially available from Russia. PSLV can also launch small size satellites into Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO).

A propellant is a mass that is expelled or expanded in such a way as to create a thrust or other motive force in accordance with Newton's third law of motion, and "propel" a vehicle, projectile, or fluid payload. In vehicles, the engine that expels the propellant is called a reaction engine. Although technically a propellant is the reaction mass used to create thrust, the term "propellant" is often used to describe a substance which is contains both the reaction mass and the fuel that holds the energy used to accelerate the reaction mass. For example, the term "propellant" is often used in chemical rocket design to describe a combined fuel/propellant, although the propellants should not be confused with the fuel that is used by an engine to produce the energy that expels the propellant. Even though the byproducts of substances used as fuel are also often used as a reaction mass to create the thrust, such as with a chemical rocket engine, propellant and fuel are two distinct concepts.

Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) is an oligomer of butadiene terminated at each end with a hydroxyl functional group. It reacts with isocyanates to form polyurethane polymers.

The Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) is a major space research centre of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), focusing on rocket and space vehicles for India's satellite programme. It is located in Thiruvananthapuram, in the Indian state of Kerala.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hydroxylammonium nitrate</span> Chemical compound

Hydroxylammonium nitrate or hydroxylamine nitrate (HAN) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula [NH3OH][NO3]. It is a salt derived from hydroxylamine and nitric acid. In its pure form, it is a colourless hygroscopic solid. It has potential to be used as a rocket propellant either as a solution in monopropellants or bipropellants. Hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN)-based propellants are a viable and effective solution for future green propellant-based missions, as it offers 50% higher performance for a given propellant tank compared to commercially used hydrazine.

Satish Dhawan Space Centre - SDSC is a rocket launch centre (spaceport) operated by Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It is located in Sriharikota, Tirupati district of Andhra Pradesh. Sriharikota Range was renamed in 2002 after ISRO's former chairman Satish Dhawan.

A pyrotechnic composition is a substance or mixture of substances designed to produce an effect by heat, light, sound, gas/smoke or a combination of these, as a result of non-detonative self-sustaining exothermic chemical reactions. Pyrotechnic substances do not rely on oxygen from external sources to sustain the reaction.

Ordnance Factory Board (OFB), consisting of the Indian Ordnance Factories, now known as Directorate of Ordnance was an organisation, under the Department of Defence Production (DDP) of Ministry of Defence (MoD), Government of India. The 41 Indian Ordnance Factories have been converted into 7 Defence Public Sector Undertakings (DPSUs).

Ammonium perchlorate composite propellant (APCP) is a solid-propellant rocket fuel. It differs from many traditional solid rocket propellants such as black powder or zinc-sulfur, not only in chemical composition and overall performance but also by the nature of how it is processed. APCP is cast into shape, as opposed to powder pressing as with black powder. This provides manufacturing regularity and repeatability, which are necessary requirements for use in the aerospace industry.

High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL) is one of the premier laboratories of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) located in Pune Maharashtra. Main area of works of the lab include research and development of high energy materials and related technologies. HEMRL is organised under the Armaments Directorate of DRDO. The current director of the lab is Dr A P Dash.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ammonium dinitramide</span> Chemical compound

Ammonium dinitramide (ADN) is the ammonium salt of dinitraminic acid. ADN decomposes under heat to leave only nitrogen, oxygen, and water. The ions are the ammonium ion NH4+ and the dinitramide N(NO2)2−.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rocket propellant</span> Chemical or mixture used as fuel for a rocket engine

Rocket propellant is the reaction mass of a rocket. This reaction mass is ejected at the highest achievable velocity from a rocket engine to produce thrust. The energy required can either come from the propellants themselves, as with a chemical rocket, or from an external source, as with ion engines.

PSLV-C34 was the 36th mission of the PSLV program and 14th mission of PSLV in XL configuration. The PSLV-C34 successfully carried and deployed 20 satellites in the Sun-synchronous orbit. With a launch mass of 320,000 kilograms (710,000 lb) and payload mass of 1,288 kilograms (2,840 lb), the C34 set a new record of deploying the maximum number of satellites by Indian Space Research Organisation in a single mission. The PSLV-C34 carried One Cartosat-2 satellite, SathyabamaSat, Swayam & 17 other satellites from United States, Canada, Germany & Indonesia.

PSLV-C5 was the fifth operational launch and overall eighth mission of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle program. This launch was also the fifty-second launch by the Indian Space Research Organisation (IRSO) since its first mission on 1 January 1962. The vehicle carried and injected India's remote sensing satellite Resourcesat-1 into a sun-synchronous orbit; this was the heaviest and most sophisticated satellite built by IRSO through 2003. PSLV-C5 was launched at 04:52 hours Coordinated Universal Time on 17 October 2003 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre.

RESPOND is a sponsored research program of Indian Space Research Organization whose main objective is to establish strong links with Universities/Institutions in the country to carry out quality research and developmental projects which are of relevance to space and derive useful outputs of such R&D to support ISRO programmes. The programme provides opportunity to the non-ISRO scientists and engineers, who are working with the recognized institute, to contribute to the Indian space programme. The contribution is mostly in areas of design and development of orbiting satellites for scientific research and space applications, sounding rockets and satellite launch vehicles. Non-academic R & D institutions can also participate in this programme.

The SSLV-D2 was the second mission of the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV). The vehicle carried three payloads: EOS - 07, Antaris US Firm named as Janus-01 and AzaadiSAT-2 by SpaceKidz India.

References

  1. ↑ "Role of Poly(vinyl alcohol) in the Crystal Growth of Ammonium Perchlorate".
  2. ↑ Vargeese, Anuj A.; Joshi, Satyawati S.; Krishnamurthy, V.N. (2010). "Use of potassium ferrocyanide as habit modifier in the size reduction and phase modification of ammonium nitrate crystals in slurries". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 180 (1–3): 583–589. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.04.073. PMID   20462689.
  3. ↑ Vargeese, Anuj A.; Muralidharan, Krishnamurthi; Krishnamurthy, V.N. (2011). "Thermal stability of habit modified ammonium nitrate: Insights from isoconversional kinetic analysis". Thermochimica Acta. 524 (1–2): 165–169. doi:10.1016/j.tca.2011.07.009.
  4. ↑ "Welcome to National Research Development Corporation". Archived from the original on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 22 August 2012.
  5. ↑ "Wiley-VCH - Shop". www.wiley-vch.de.
  6. ↑ "The Pesticide Encyclopedia". Archived from the original on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 11 April 2014.
  7. ↑ Progress in Hydrogen Energy - Proceedings of the National Workshop on Hydrogen Energy, New Delhi, July 4–6, 1985 - R.P. Dahiya - Springer. Springer. 1987. ISBN   9789027724403.
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