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The history of Moldova can be traced to the 1350s,when the Principality of Moldavia,the medieval precursor of modern Moldova and Romania,was founded. The principality was a vassal of the Ottoman Empire from 1538 until the 19th century. In 1812,following one of several Russian-Turkish wars,the eastern half of the principality,Bessarabia,was annexed by the Russian Empire. In 1918,Bessarabia briefly became independent as the Moldavian Democratic Republic and,following the decision of the Parliament,united with Romania. During the Second World War it was occupied by the Soviet Union which reclaimed it from Romania. It joined the Union as the Moldavian ASSR,until the dissolution of the USSR. In 1991 the country declared independence as the Republic of Moldova.
Moldova,officially the Republic of Moldova,is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north,east,and south. The unrecognised state of Transnistria lies across the Dniester river on the country's eastern border with Ukraine. Moldova's capital and largest city is Chișinău.
The Government of Moldova is the government of the Republic of Moldova. It is housed on the Government House at the Great National Assembly Square in Chișinău,the capital of Moldova. Currently,the President of Moldova is Maia Sandu,while the Prime Minister of Moldova is Dorin Recean. The current ruling cabinet of Moldova is the cabinet of Dorin Recean,incumbent since 16 February 2023.
Tiraspol;occasionally also known in Romanian as Tirișpolea) is the de facto capital of Transnistria,a breakaway state of Moldova,where it is the third largest city. The city is located on the eastern bank of the Dniester River. Tiraspol is a regional hub of light industry,such as furniture and electrical goods production.
Moldovan,also known historically as Moldavian,is one of the two local names of the Romanian language in Moldova. Moldovan is declared the official language in Article 13 of the constitution adopted in 1994,while the 1991 Declaration of Independence of Moldova uses the name Romanian. In 2003,the Moldovan parliament adopted a law defining Moldovan and Romanian as glottonyms for the same language. In 2013,the Constitutional Court of Moldova interpreted that Article 13 of the constitution is superseded by the Declaration of Independence,thus giving official status to the name Romanian. The breakaway region of Transnistria continues to recognize Moldovan as one of its official languages,alongside Russian and Ukrainian. Ukraine also makes a distinction between Moldovan and Romanian,with one village declaring its language to be Romanian and another declaring it to be Moldovan,though Ukrainian officials have announced an intention to remove the legal status of Moldovan.
Transnistria,officially the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR),is an unrecognised breakaway state that is internationally recognised as a part of Moldova. Transnistria controls most of the narrow strip of land between the Dniester river and the Moldovan–Ukrainian border,as well as some land on the other side of the river's bank. Its capital and largest city is Tiraspol. Transnistria has been recognised only by three other unrecognised or partially recognised breakaway states:Abkhazia,Artsakh and South Ossetia. Transnistria is officially designated by the Republic of Moldova as the Administrative-Territorial Units of the Left Bank of the Dniester or as Stînga Nistrului. In March 2022,the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe adopted a resolution that defines the territory as under military occupation by Russia.
Gagauzia or Gagauz-Yeri,officially the Autonomous Territorial Unit of Gagauzia (ATUG),is an autonomous territorial unit of Moldova. Its autonomy is ethnically motivated by the predominance in the region of the Gagauz people,who are primarily Orthodox Turkic-speaking people.
FC Nistru Otaci was a Moldovan football club based in Otaci,Moldova. The club was founded on 17 August 1953. It was dissolved in 2017.
Slobozia,also known as Slobodzeya,is a city in the Republic of Moldova under the de facto control of the unrecognized Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic. It is the seat of the Slobozia District of Transnistria.
The Transnistria War was an armed conflict that broke out on 2 November 1990 in Dubăsari between pro-Transnistria forces,including the Transnistrian Republican Guard,militia and neo-Cossack units,and pro-Moldovan forces,including Moldovan troops and police.
The Moldova national rugby league team first competed into international competition in 1993. Moldova has not competed internationally since the 1995 Emerging Nations World Cup. Rugby league is no longer played in Moldova,even if a French author mentions that the game was still played in 2011,and while there were attempts to revive the national team for a tournament in 2003 the team failed to materialise. There are no known current plans to resurrect the team,though rugby league has recently started in neighbouring Ukraine.
Currently,the Russian Federation holds an unknown number of soldiers in Transnistria,an unrecognized breakaway state internationally recognized as part of Moldova. This Russian military presence dates back to 1992,when the 14th Guards Army intervened in the Transnistria War in support of the Transnistrian separatist forces. Following the end of the war,which ended in a Russian-backed Transnistrian victory and in the de facto independence of the region,the Russian forces stayed in a purportedly peacekeeping mission and reorganized in 1995 into the Operational Group of Russian Forces (OGRF),currently guarding the Cobasna ammunition depot. Some other Russian soldiers also participate in the Joint Control Commission between Moldova,Russia and Transnistria since 1992.
Cobasna is a commune in northern Transnistria,Moldova that is composed of three villages:Cobasna,Cobasna station,and Suhaia Rîbnița. It is controlled by the self-proclaimed authorities of “Transnistria”. It is located 2 km from the border with Ukraine,in Rîbnița District. Cobasna is the site of a Russian,and formerly Soviet,ammunition depot known as the Cobasna ammunition depot. It has been referred to as the largest in Eastern Europe.
Ofatinți,is a commune in the Rîbnița District of Transnistria,Moldova. It is composed of two villages,Novaia Jizni and Ofatinți. It is located 15 km south of Rîbnița.
Moldova–Russia relations are the bilateral relations between the Republic of Moldova and the Russian Federation,two Eastern European,post-Soviet,ex-communist countries. Russian support for the self-proclaimed Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (Transnistria) and a substantial Russian military presence therein strained Moldovan relations with Russia.
Rugby union in Moldova is a popular sport. The governing body in Moldova is the Moldovan Rugby Federation.
Moldovan nationality law dates back to June 2,2000 and has been amended several times,with the latest modifications being made in 2014. It is based on the Constitution of Moldova. It is mainly based on Jus sanguinis.
The Moldovan Liga 1 is the second-level division of Moldovan Football.
COVID-19 vaccination in Moldova started on 2 March 2021. During the COVID-19 pandemic,Moldova was very reliant on external help from other countries,having received donations of vaccines from Romania,the United Arab Emirates,Russia and China. In fact,Moldova's vaccination campaign started due to a donation from Romania on 27 February 2021 composed of 21,600 Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine doses,with the first vaccinated person in the country being Alexandru Botizatu. Romania had promised earlier,on 29 December 2020,that it would help Moldova with a collaboration project which would include 200,000 vaccine doses to help Moldova combat the pandemic,but also other matters of the country. Romania subsequently made more donations on 27 March 2021 with 50,400 vaccine units;on 17 April 2021 with 132,000 vaccine doses,fulfilling its promise to Moldova;and on 7 May 2021 with 100,800 vaccine units even though this surpassed the promised 200,000 vaccine doses.
The 5+2 format,also known as the 5+2 talks,the 5+2 negotiations and the 5+2 process,is a diplomatic negotiation platform aimed at finding a solution to the Transnistria conflict between Moldova and the unrecognized state of Transnistria. It is composed of the latter two,which are designated as "parties to the conflict",and Russia,Ukraine and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE),"mediators" of the negotiations. The European Union (EU) and the United States act as "observers". The inclusion of Romania into the 5+2 format has been proposed.
References
- ↑ Список руководителей дипломатических и консульских представительств зарубежных государств в России (in Russian). Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Russia) . Retrieved 2008-08-23.
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