Veliuona

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Veliuona
Town
Veliuona-2009-07-29.jpg
Veliuona COA.gif
Seal
Lithuania adm location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Veliuona
Coordinates: 55°4′56″N23°16′16″E / 55.08222°N 23.27111°E / 55.08222; 23.27111
Country Flag of Lithuania.svg  Lithuania
County Tauragė County
Population (2011)
 • Total 726
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
 • Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)

Veliuona (Samogitian: Veliouna) is a small town on the Nemunas River in the Jurbarkas district municipality in Lithuania.

Samogitian is a Baltic lect spoken mostly in Samogitia, in Northern Europe. It is sometimes treated as a dialect of Lithuanian, but is considered a separate language by most linguists outside Lithuania. Its recognition as a distinct language is increasing in recent years, Attempts have been made to standardize it.

Lithuania republic in Northeastern Europe

Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. Lithuania is considered to be one of the Baltic states. It is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, to the east of Sweden and Denmark. It is bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest. Lithuania has an estimated population of 2.8 million people as of 2019, and its capital and largest city is Vilnius. Other major cities are Kaunas and Klaipėda. Lithuanians are Baltic people. The official language, Lithuanian, along with Latvian, is one of only two living languages in the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family.

Contents

History

Veliuona (also known as Junigeda) was first mentioned in 1291 in the chronicle of Peter of Duisburg. The town is primarily known as the burial place of Gediminas. An old church, founded by Vytautas the Great in 1421, was rebuilt and enlarged in 1636. In 1501–1506 m. Veliuona was granted Magdeburg rights by the Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland Alexander Jagiellon. In the 18th century Veliuona belonged to prince Józef Poniatowski, in the 19th century to the Zalewski family. In July 1941, [1] an Einsatzgruppen of German and Lithuanian nationalists murdered dozens of Jews from the town in mass executions. [2]

<i>Chronicon terrae Prussiae</i>

Chronicon terrae Prussiae is a chronicle of the Teutonic Knights, by Peter of Dusburg, finished in 1326. The manuscript is the first major chronicle of the Teutonic Order in Prussia and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, completed some 100 years after the conquest of the crusaders into the Baltic region. It is a major source for information on the Order's battles with Old Prussians and Lithuanians.

Gediminas Grand Duke of Lithuania

Gediminas was Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1315 or 1316 until his death. He is credited with founding this political entity and expanding its territory which, at the time of his death, spanned the area ranging from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea. Also seen as one of the most significant individuals in early Lithuanian history, he was responsible for both building Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania, and establishing a dynasty that later came to rule other European countries such as Poland, Hungary and Bohemia.

Magdeburg rights set of town privileges first developed by Otto I (936–973) and based on the Flemish law

Magdeburg rights were a set of town privileges first developed by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (936–973) and based on the Flemish law, which regulated the degree of internal autonomy within cities and villages, granted by the local ruler. Named after the German city of Magdeburg, these town charters were perhaps the most important set of medieval laws in Central Europe thus far. They became the basis for the German town laws developed during many centuries in the Holy Roman Empire. Even more importantly, adopted and modified by numerous monarchs including the rulers of Bohemia, Hungary, and Poland, the laws were a milestone in urbanization of the entire region and prompted the development of thousands of villages and cities.

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References

  1. ↑ http://www.holocaustatlas.lt/EN/#a_atlas/search//page/1/item/57/
  2. ↑ http://www.holocaustatlas.lt/EN/#a_atlas/search//page//item/58/


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