Video Ad Serving Template (VAST) is a specification defined and released by the Interactive Advertising Bureau (IAB) that sets a standard for communication requirements between ad servers and video players in order to present video ads.
It is a data structure declared using XML.
VAST has 8 versions: 1.0 (deprecated), 1.1 (deprecated), [1] 2.0, 2.0.1 (the schema version as the official VAST 2.0 schema), [2] 2.6, 3.0, [3] 4.0, [4] 4.1 and 4.2.
In order to play a video ad in a video player, the video player sends a request to a VAST ad server.
It is a simple HTTP based URL that typically appears as follows:
https://www.example.com/?LR_PUBLISHER_ID=1331&LR_CAMPAIGN_ID=229&LR_SCHEMA=vast2-vpaid
The ad server responds with a VAST data structure that declares these parameters:[ citation needed ]
For example, the above request returns the following response (trimmed):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><VASTversion="2.0"><Adid="229"><InLine><AdSystemversion="4.9.0-10">LiveRail</AdSystem><AdTitle><![CDATA[LiveRail creative 1]]></AdTitle><Description><![CDATA[]]></Description><Impressionid="LR"><![CDATA[http://t4.liverail.com/?metric=impression&cofl=0&pos=0&coid=135&pid=1331&nid=1331&oid=229&olid=2291331&cid=331&tpcid=&vid=&amid=&cc=default&pp=&vv=&tt=&sg=&tsg=&pmu=0&pau=0&psz=0&ctx=&tctx=&coty=0&adt=0&scen=&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.longtailvideo.com%2Fsupport%2Fopen-video-ads%2F23120%2Fwhat-is-vast%2F&cb=1259.192.118.68.5.0.690&ver=1&w=&wy=&x=121&y=121&xy=0b79&z2=0]]></Impression>....... <Creatives><Creativesequence="1"id="331"><Linear><Duration>00:00:09</Duration><TrackingEvents><Trackingevent="firstQuartile"><![CDATA[http://t4.liverail.com/?metric=view25&pos=0&coid=135&pid=1331&nid=1331&oid=229&olid=2291331&cid=331&tpcid=&vid=&amid=&cc=default&pp=&vv=&tt=&sg=&tsg=&pmu=0&pau=0&psz=0&ctx=&tctx=&coty=0&adt=0&scen=&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.longtailvideo.com%2Fsupport%2Fopen-video-ads%2F23120%2Fwhat-is-vast%2F&cb=1259.192.118.68.5.0.690&ver=1&w=&wy=&x=&y=&xy=]]></Tracking><Trackingevent="midpoint"><![CDATA[http://t4.liverail.com/?metric=view50&pos=0&coid=135&pid=1331&nid=1331&oid=229&olid=2291331&cid=331&tpcid=&vid=&amid=&cc=default&pp=&vv=&tt=&sg=&tsg=&pmu=0&pau=0&psz=0&ctx=&tctx=&coty=0&adt=0&scen=&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.longtailvideo.com%2Fsupport%2Fopen-video-ads%2F23120%2Fwhat-is-vast%2F&cb=1259.192.118.68.5.0.690&ver=1&w=&wy=&x=&y=&xy=]]></Tracking>....... </TrackingEvents><VideoClicks><ClickThrough><![CDATA[http://t4.liverail.com/?metric=clickthru&pos=0&coid=135&pid=1331&nid=1331&oid=229&olid=2291331&cid=331&tpcid=&vid=&amid=&cc=default&pp=&vv=&tt=&sg=&tsg=&pmu=0&pau=0&psz=0&ctx=&tctx=&coty=0&adt=0&scen=&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.longtailvideo.com%2Fsupport%2Fopen-video-ads%2F23120%2Fwhat-is-vast%2F&cb=1259.192.118.68.5.0.690&ver=1&w=&wy=&x=&y=&xy=&redirect=http%3A%2F%2Fliverail.com%2F]]></ClickThrough></VideoClicks><MediaFiles><MediaFiledelivery="progressive"bitrate="256"width="480"height="352"type="video/x-flv"><![CDATA[http://cdn.liverail.com/adasset4/1331/229/331/lo.flv]]></MediaFile>...... </MediaFiles>...... </Linear></Creative></Creatives></InLine></Ad></VAST>