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The Tohono Oʼodham are a Native American people of the Sonoran Desert,residing primarily in the U.S. state of Arizona and the northern Mexican state of Sonora. The United States federally recognized tribe is the Tohono Oʼodham Nation.
Harold Trent Franks is an American businessman and former politician who served as the U.S. representative for Arizona's 8th congressional district from 2003 to 2017. He is a member of the Republican Party. During his tenure,Franks served as vice chairman of the United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces and chairman of the United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution,Civil Rights and Civil Liberties.
Oʼodham or Papago-Pima is a Uto-Aztecan language of southern Arizona and northern Sonora,Mexico,where the Tohono Oʼodham and Akimel Oʼodham reside. In 2000 there were estimated to be approximately 9,750 speakers in the United States and Mexico combined,although there may be more due to underreporting.
Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument is a U.S. national monument and UNESCO biosphere reserve located in extreme southern Arizona that shares a border with the Mexican state of Sonora. The park is the only place in the United States where the senita and organ pipe cactus grow wild. Along with this species,many other types of cacti and other desert flora native to the Yuma Desert section of the Sonoran Desert region grow in the park. Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument is 517 sq mi (1,340 km2) in size. In 1976 the monument was declared a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO,and in 1977 95% of Organ Pipe Cactus was declared a wilderness area.
The Ak Chin Indian Community of the Maricopa (Ak-Chin) Indian Reservation is a federally recognized tribe and Native American community located in the Santa Cruz Valley in Pinal County,Arizona,37 miles south of Phoenix and near the city of Maricopa. The Community is composed mainly of Akimel Oʼodham and Tohono Oʼodham,as well as some ethnic Hia-Ced Oʼodham members. According to the 2020 United States Census,the reservation has 1,070 residents. The Community comprises over 1,100 members that live on and off the reservation.
Joe Shirley Jr. is a Navajo politician who is the only two-term President of the Navajo Nation. He served as president from 2003 to 2011. He lives in Chinle,Arizona,and is Tódíchʼíiʼnii,born for Tábąąhá.
The "Shadow Wolves" are a Native American tactical patrol unit assigned to Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) in Sells,Arizona located on the Tohono Oʼodham Nation that runs along the Mexico–United States border.
The Tohono Oʼodham Nation is the collective government body of the Tohono Oʼodham tribe in the United States. The Tohono Oʼodham Nation governs four separate sections of land with a combined area of 2.8 million acres (11,330 km2),approximately the size of Connecticut and the second largest Indigenous land holding in the United States. These lands are located within the Sonoran Desert of south central Arizona and border the Mexico–United States border for 74 miles (119 km) along its southern border. The Nation is organized into 11 local districts and employs a tripartite system of government. Sells is the Nation's largest community and functions as its capital. The Nation has approximately 34,000 enrolled members,the majority of whom live off of the reservations.
Ned Norris Jr. is chairman of the Tohono O'odham Nation of southern Arizona. He previously held the office for two consecutive terms from 2007 to 2015,and was returned to the office in 2019. Norris previously worked as the director of marketing and public relations for the O'odham Gaming Authority.
Edward D. Manuel is an American politician and current Chairman of the Tohono Oʼodham Nation council. He previously served the post of the Tohono O'odham nation of southern Arizona from 1995 until 2003. He is from Pisinemo,Arizona.
Isidro Bernard Lopez is an American tribal leader who has served as the Vice Chairman of the Tohono O'odham Nation of southern Arizona since 2007.
Ruth Murray Underhill was an American anthropologist. She was born in Ossining-on-the-Hudson,New York,and attended Vassar College,graduating in 1905 with a degree in Language and Literature. In 1907,she graduated from the London School of Economics and began travelling throughout Europe. During World War I,she worked for an Italian orphanage run by the Red Cross.
Tohono Oʼodham Community College (TOCC) is a public tribal land-grant community college in Sells,Arizona. TOCC's student body is 88 percent American Indian/Alaskan Native. Tohono Oʼodham Community College serves approximately 216 students. The college's faculty and staff is 57 percent American Indian,half of whom are Oʼodham.
The Keep the Promise Act of 2013 is a bill that was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during 113th United States Congress. The bill would prohibit the establishment of casinos on land in the Phoenix,Arizona metropolitan area on Indian land acquired after April 9,2013. If passed,the bill would have the immediate impact of preventing the Tohono O'odham Nation from building a casino on a piece of land in the Phoenix area which they purchased in 2003,and are currently in the process of having designated a reservation. The law is seen as being directed at them.
The 2019 United States elections were held,in large part,on Tuesday,November 5,2019. This off-year election included gubernatorial elections in Kentucky,Louisiana,and Mississippi;regularly-scheduled state legislative elections in Louisiana,Mississippi,Virginia,and New Jersey;and special elections for seats in various state legislatures. Numerous citizen initiatives,mayoral races,and a variety of other local elections also occurred. Three special elections to the United States House of Representatives also took place in 2019 as a result of vacancies.
Queens Well is a populated place in Pima County,Arizona. It has an estimated elevation of 2,041 feet (622 m) above sea level. Queens Well is located in the Schuk Toak District on the east side of the Tohono O’odham Nation. The area had multiple solar powered wells installed in the 1970s and 1980s.
Several Indigenous peoples who live on the United States–Mexico border have objected to the construction of a border wall on their territories and the militarization of the border by the United States government. The US–Mexico border crosses several Indigenous territories and divides these communities. The barrier erected between the United States and Mexico cuts through and/or affects at least 29 Indigenous tribes,which include Kumeyaay Nation and Tohono O'odham.
Burros is a 2021 American short drama film written and directed by Jefferson Stein and starring a cast of first-time actors from the Tohono O'odham Nation where it is set. Eva Longoria serves as an executive producer.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Tohono O'odham Nation elects new chairman". News From Indian Country. Associated Press. 2007-05-29. Retrieved 2011-01-12.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Barber, D.A. (2003-12-04). "The New Boss". Tucson Weekly . Retrieved 2011-01-12.
- ↑ "First Woman Leads Tohono O'odham". The Daily Courier. Associated Press. 2003-06-03. Retrieved 2011-02-05.
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