The Chicago Boys were a group of Chilean economists prominent around the 1970s and 1980s,the majority of whom were educated at the Department of Economics of the University of Chicago under Milton Friedman and Arnold Harberger,or at its affiliate in the economics department at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile. After they finished their studies and returned to Latin America,they adopted positions in numerous South American governments including the military dictatorship of Chile (1973–1990),as economic advisors. Many of them reached the highest positions within those governments. Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher were influenced by Chile's policies and economic reforms.
Verónica Michelle Bachelet Jeria is a Chilean politician who served as United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights from 2018 to 2022. She previously served as President of Chile from 2006 to 2010 and from 2014 to 2018 for the Socialist Party of Chile. She is the first woman to hold the Chilean presidency. After leaving the presidency in 2010 and before becoming eligible for re-election,she was appointed as the first executive director of the newly established United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women. In December 2013,Bachelet was re-elected with over 62% of the vote,surpassing the 54% she received in 2006. She was the first President of Chile to be re-elected since 1932.Bachelet,a physician who has studied military strategy at the university level,previously served as the Health Minister and Defense Minister under her predecessor,Ricardo Lagos. She is a separated mother of three and identifies as an agnostic. In addition to her native Spanish,she speaks English fluently and has some proficiency in German,French,and Portuguese.
An authoritarian military dictatorship ruled Chile for seventeen years,between 11 September 1973 and 11 March 1990. The dictatorship was established after the democratically elected socialist government of Salvador Allende was overthrown in a coup d'état backed by the United States on 11 September 1973. During this time,the country was ruled by a military junta headed by General Augusto Pinochet. The military used the breakdown of democracy and the economic crisis that took place during Allende's presidency to justify its seizure of power. The dictatorship presented its mission as a "national reconstruction". The coup was the result of multiple forces,including pressure from conservative groups,certain political parties,union strikes and other domestic unrest,as well as international factors.
Miguel Juan Sebastián Piñera Echenique was a Chilean businessman and politician who served as president of Chile from 2010 to 2014 and again from 2018 to 2022.
Carolina Montserrat ToháMorales is a Chilean political scientist,educator,and politician. Since September 6,2022,she has served as the Minister of Interior and Public Security of Chile,under the presidency of Gabriel Boric. Previously,she served as the Minister Secretary General of Government –being the first woman to hold this position –during the first government of President Michelle Bachelet.
JoséDe Gregorio Rebeco is a Chilean economist,academic,researcher,consultant and politician. He has been the Governor of the Central Bank of Chile,Minister of the Economy,Mining and Energy during the administration of Ricardo Lagos and is currently the Dean of the School of Economics and Business of the Universidad de Chile. He is also a nonresident Senior Fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics.
Mónica Eliana Jiménez de la Jara was a Chilean Christian Democrat politician and Minister of Education.
A French Chilean is a Chilean citizen of full or partial French ancestry. Between 1840 and 1940,20,000 to 25,000 French people immigrated to Chile. The country received the fourth largest number of French immigrants to South America after Argentina (239,000),Brazil (150,341) and Uruguay.
Augusto JoséRamón Pinochet Ugarte was a Chilean military officer and politician who served as Chile's head of state under various titles from 1973 to 1990,first as the leader of the Military Junta of Chile from 1973 to 1981,being declared President of the Republic by the junta in 1974 and thus becoming the de facto dictator of Chile,and from 1981 to 1990 as de jure president after a new constitution which confirmed him in the office was approved by a referendum in 1980. His rule remains the longest of any Chilean leader.
Evelyn Rose Matthei Fornet is a Chilean politician and the current mayor of Providencia,a prosperous commune of Santiago,serving since 2016. Prior to her current position,she held the role of Deputy in the Chilean Congress from 1990 to 1998,and subsequently served as a Senator from 1998 to 2011. In January 2011,she left her Senate seat to assume the role of Minister of Labor and Social Security under Chilean President Sebastián Piñera until July 2013. In the 2013 Chilean general election,she ran for President with the support of the Independent Democrat Union Party. However,she lost in a runoff to former President Michelle Bachelet.
Ingrid Antonijevic Hahn is a Chilean economist,entrepreneur,academic and former Minister of Economy,Development and Reconstruction (2006) for only two months,in the first cabinet of socialist president Michelle Bachelet. In her youth,she was a militant in the MAPU organisation,and after the end of the Pinochet regime she was one of the founders of the Party for Democracy that has led the transition towards democracy in Chile. She is a progressive entrepreneur who promotes corporate social responsibility and the involvement of the private sector in projects initiated by the government that aim to benefit the whole country. She has acquired notoriety in her country for holding positions in organisations that have traditionally been held by men.
Jorge Félix Arrate Mac Niven is a Chilean lawyer,economist,writer and politician. He has been Minister of State in the governments of Chilean presidents Salvador Allende (1970–1973),Patricio Aylwin (1990–1994),and Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle (1994–2000). A long-time member of the Socialist Party of Chile arrate was during much of the 1990s the leader of the eponymous Arratismo faction in the party. During the indictment and arrest of Augusto Pinochet (1998–2000) Arrate was positive to the prospect of Pinochet being judged abroad. Given that his was contrary to the government stance he was removed from his post as minister in June 1999. In 2009,he was appointed as candidate for president of Chile in representation of the political alliance Juntos Podemos Más and other leftist political movements,obtaining 6.21 percent of the total votes in the elections of that year.
Events in the year 1973 in Chile.
The following lists events that happened during 1978 in Chile.
Silvia Araya was a Chilean-born Canadian painter and art instructor. After founding the Chilean-Indian Institute of Culture,she joined the "Grupo Ancoa" and was a co-founder of the Museum of Art and Artisans of Linares,where she has sculptures and paintings in the permanent collection. In the 1970s,she became involved in politics and was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1973,representing the then Province of Coquimbo. After the coup d'état,she was imprisoned in the infamous Valparaíso prison,before being exiled to Canada in 1977. Locating in Quebec City,Araya established the Académie des beaux-arts Silvia Araya and taught for twenty-five years. She was honored as a knight of the National Order of Quebec in 2008 for her cultural contributions to the province.
RenéCortázar is a Chilean economist,researcher,academic,and politician of the Christian Democratic Party (PDC).
Laura Mariana Aylwin Oyarzún is a Chilean teacher,historian and politician. She was born into the Aylwin family;her father,Patricio Aylwin,was the 30th president of Chile from 1990 to 1994,years where he led the beginnings of the Transition to democracy from Augusto Pinochet dictatorship.
Jorge Máximo Arturo Pacheco Matte is a Chilean economist and politician. He served as minister of Michelle Bachelet's second government (2014−2018),specifically in Energy.
Juan Enrique Krauss Rusque is a Chilean lawyer and politician who has served as deputy,minister and ambassador of Chile in Spain,Ecuador and Czech Republic.
María Josefina Bilbao Mendezona is a Chilean engineer and politician who served twice as Intendant of the Valparaíso Region.
