Walter Clavell (1639 –4 August 1677) was an English administrator employed by the East India Company as Chief of the factories in the Bay of Bengal.
In 1667,at the age of 28,he was sent out by the Court of Directors of the East India Company to Fort St. George to assist in reinstating the imprisoned Governor,George Foxcroft. However,partly due to illness on his way overland from Surat,Clavell did not reach his destination until January 1669 when he found that the dispute between Foxcroft and Sir Edward Winter had already been resolved. He petitioned to go to the Bay of Bengal where he was appointed second in command,and,when Shem Bridges left for England,became acting 'Chief of the factories in the Bay of Bengal' [1] a post in which he was confirmed by orders from the EIC in December 1672. In June 1672,Clavell procured a parwana (firman) from Shaista Khan,the Mughal governor of Bengal,which did little to stop the oppression of British trade by Khan and Malik Quasim,the Governor of Hooghly. [2]
From 1672 to 1676 Clavell quarrelled with Joseph Hall,factor at Cossimbazar,who he accused of trading on his own account against the EIC's interests amongst a host of other charges. [3]
Counter charges were made against Clavell including expropriation of property and the construction of "a Pallace" at Balasore. Major William Puckle of the EIC was sent to investigate and concluded that Clavell was guilty of "overrateing the Companys Goods 40 per Cent. great private Tradeing,&c and keeping the Generall Books himself contrary to the Companys Order." [4]
In 1676 Clavell returned to Hooghly with Streynsham Master,recently appointed superintendent of the factories and at the latter's request wrote an Accompt of the Trade of Hughly and Ballasore. [4]
On 4 August 1677,Clavell died of fever with his wife and infant child following the next day. [4]
Clavell first married Prudence Lance,by whom he had one son,William,1673-1680. She was the "affianced wife" of Walter Clavell and travelled out to India at the Hon. East India's expense. She died after her son was born. She died in 1673 in West Bengal,She was a "kinswoman" of Sir Matthew Holworthy,a wealthy City of London merchant. He left £1,000 to Harvard College. See:Wikipedia/Holworthy Hall/p
His second wife,Martha Woodroffe,1650-1677 was the sister of the wife of Sir Edward Littleton by whom he had two sons. His second son,also Walter,was baptized in Cossimbazar on 29 September 1678. In 1681 Walter junior and his brother Edward left India for England aboard the East Indiaman President. Edward became High Sheriff of Dorset in 1702. [5] Walter was elected FRS,30 Nov 1704
Sir Streynsham Master was an English colonial administrator who was one of the 17th-century pioneers of the English East India Company. He served as the Agent of Madras from 27 January 1678 to 3 July 1681,and is credited with having introduced the first administrative reforms in the Madras Government. He banned sati and prohibited the burning of a Hindu widow in 1680 in what is the first official British response to sati. He made English the sole official language and language of court in the Madras Presidency,replacing the Portuguese,Tamil and Malayalam languages.
Fort St. George is a fortress at the coastal city of Chennai,India. Founded in 1639,it was the first English fortress in India. The construction of the fort provided the impetus for further settlements and trading activity,in what was originally an uninhabited land. Thus,it is a feasible contention to say that the city evolved around the fortress. The fort currently houses the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly and other official buildings.
Job Charnock was an English administrator with the East India Company. He is commonly regarded as the founder of the city of Calcutta;however,this view is challenged,and in 2003 the Calcutta High Court declared that he ought not to be regarded as the founder. There may have been inhabitants in the area since the first century CE. The High Court was right in claiming that villages that constituted colonial Calcutta were not established by Charnock or the British Raj itself,but Charnock’s ambition-driven doggedness toward setting up a East Indian Company frontier along the Eastern border of India that he could control on his own terms played a huge role in the creation of present day city of Calcutta.
Kolkata was a colonial city. The British East India Company developed Calcutta as a city by establishing an artificial riverine port in the 18th century CE. Kolkata was the capital of the British India until 1911,when the capital was relocated to Delhi. Kolkata grew rapidly in the 19th century to become the second most important city of the British Empire after London and was declared as the financial (commercial) capital of the British India. This was accompanied by the development of a culture that fused Indian philosophies with European tradition.
Cossimbazar is a sub-urban area of Berhampore city in the Berhampore CD block in the Berhampore subdivision of Murshidabad district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Louis VI of Hesse-Darmstadt was Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1661 to 1678.
Sir Richard Carnac Temple,2nd Baronet,was an Indian-born British administrator and the Chief Commissioner of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and an anthropological writer.
Sir Richard Temple,1st Baronet,was a British colonial administrator in the 19th-century India,who served as Governor of Bombay from 1877 to 1880.
Edward Winter (?1622–1686) was an English administrator employed by the East India Company (EIC).
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Sir William Langhorne,1st Baronet was the Agent of Madras from January 1670 to 27 January 1678.
Madapollam is a soft cotton fabric manufactured from fine yarns with a dense pick laid out in linen weave. Madapollam is used as an embroidery and handkerchief fabric and as a base for fabric printing. The equal warp and weft mean that the tensile strength and shrinkage is the same in any two directions at right angles and that the fabric absorbs liquids such as ink,paint and aircraft dope equally along its X and Y axes.
Sir John Lawrence was an English merchant who was Lord Mayor of London from 1664 to 1665. He was therefore Lord Mayor during the period of the Great Plague of London.
Thomas Bowrey (1659-1713) was an English merchant and mariner involved in the East Indies trade. Initially,an independent mariner in the country trade,he became a Wapping-based merchant and “projector”.
Sir Matthias Vincent was a British administrator for the East India Company (EIC) before becoming MP for Lostwithiel.
Gabriel Boughton was an East India Company (EIC) ship surgeon who travelled to India in the first half of the seventeenth century and became highly regarded by Mughal royalty.
Edward Lydall was an English stage actor of the seventeenth century. He was a member of the King's Company at the Theatre Royal,Drury Lane. His first known performance was in 1668. He generally played supporting roles. His surname is sometimes written as Lidell.
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