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Khafra was an ancient Egyptian king (pharaoh) of the 4th dynasty during the Old Kingdom. He was the son of Khufu and the throne successor of Djedefre. According to the ancient historian Manetho, Khafra was followed by king Bikheris, but according to archaeological evidences he was rather followed by king Menkaure. Khafra was the builder of the second largest pyramid of Giza. The view held by modern Egyptology at large remains that the Great Sphinx was built in approximately 2500 BC for Khafra. There is not much known about Khafra, except the historical reports of Herodotus, writing 2,000 years after his life and who describes him as a cruel and heretic ruler, who kept the Egyptian temples closed after Khufu had sealed them.
Shepseskaf was the sixth and last pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt during the Old Kingdom. He reigned 6 to 8 years starting circa 2510 BC. The only activities firmly datable to his reign are the completion of the temple complex of the Pyramid of Menkaure and the construction of its own mastaba tomb at South Saqqara, the Mastabat al-Fir’aun, "stone bench of the pharaoh".
The Giza pyramid complex, also called the Giza Necropolis, is an archaeological site on the Giza Plateau, on the outskirts of Cairo, Egypt. Consisting of a necropolis or mortuary complex of the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom of Ancient Egypt, it includes the three Great Pyramids, the Great Sphinx, several cemeteries, a workers' village and an industrial complex. It is located in the Western Desert, approximately 9 km (5 mi) west of the Nile river at the old town of Giza, and about 13 km (8 mi) southwest of Cairo city centre.
Queen Meresankh III was the daughter of Hetepheres II and Prince Kawab and a granddaughter of the Egyptian pharaoh Khufu. She was the wife of King Khafre.
Minkhaf I was an ancient Egyptian prince of the 4th Dynasty. Minkhaf was a son of Pharaoh Khufu, half-brother of Pharaoh Djedefre and elder brother of Pharaoh Khafra. His mother may have been Queen Henutsen. Minkhaf had a wife and at least one son, but their names are not known.
Djedefhor or Hordjedef was a noble Egyptian of the 4th dynasty. He was the son of Khufu and his name means "Enduring Like Horus".
Kawab is the name of an ancient Egyptian prince of the 4th Dynasty. He was the eldest son of King Khufu and Queen Meritites I. Kawab served as vizier and was buried in the double mastaba G 7110 - 7120 in the east field which is part of the Giza Necropolis.
Sneferukhaf was an Egyptian prince who lived during 4th dynasty. He was a son of Prince Nefermaat II and unknown woman, and thus a grandson of Princess Nefertkau I. He was named after his great-grandfather, Pharaoh Sneferu. He had two sons. He was buried in mastaba G 7070 at Giza.
Kaemsekhem was an Ancient Egyptian nobleman and probably the son of Crown Prince Kawab and Hetepheres II. He later served as the director of the royal palace. He was buried in mastaba G 7660 in the east field, which is part of the Giza Necropolis.
Mindjedef was a Prince of ancient Egypt, who lived during the 4th Dynasty. His name means "Enduring Like Min". Min is an Egyptian fertility god.
Senedjemib Mehi was a vizier from the fifth dynasty of Egypt. Senedjemib Mehi started out his career under Djedkare Isesi and eventually became vizier under Unas.
Duaenre was a vizier under Menkaure during the Fourth dynasty of Egypt. His titles include those of king's son of his body, hereditary prince (jrj-pat), count (HAtj-a), vizier (tAjtj), scribe of the divine book, mouth of Nekhen, and mouth of every Butite.
Horbaef was an Ancient Egyptian prince of the 4th dynasty. His title was "King’s son".
Iuenka was a Prince of Egypt, a man with the title "king's son". He is also called Iunka, Yuwenka, Iun-ka and Iuwenka. He lived in the 4th dynasty of Egypt.
Khufukhaf II was an Ancient Egyptian high official during the Old Kingdom period. Likely born during the 4th Dynasty, Khufukhaf died during the reign of pharaoh Nyuserre Ini of the mid 5th Dynasty. In modern Egyptology, he is also called Khufukhaf B or Khufukhaf the Younger to distinguish him from his probable father or grandfather Khufukhaf I.
Khentkaus was an Ancient Egyptian princess. She lived during the 4th and 5th Dynasty. Her parents are unknown but since she bore the title "King's daughter of his body" her father is likely to have been a king, possibly Pharaoh Khafra. His son Menkaura had a daughter, Khentkaus I. Thus Princess Khentkaus was possibly a daughter of Khafra and aunt of Khentkaus I.
Iynefer II was an ancient Egyptian prince, likely a son of Pharaoh Khufu. He was named after his uncle Iynefer I. Iynefer II’s wife was Nefertkau III; she was likely his niece, and they had one son and one daughter, Nefertkau. Both Iynefer and his wife are buried in the mastaba G 7820 at Giza.
Seshemnefer was an ancient Egyptian official of the Fifth Dynasty, most likely under king Djedkare Isesi. At the end of his career he became vizier, the highest office in Ancient Egypt, second only to the king.
