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Wheelers Primitive Baptist Church is located in southwest Person County, North Carolina. The church was formerly known as Wheeleys Meeting House (as well as once called Wheeley's Church and Upper South Hico Church [1] [2] ). The church and its cemetery sit at a small rural crossroads about 1 mile south of North Carolina Highway 49. The church is known to locals simply as Wheelers and is located near Gordonton in Bushy Fork Township. [3] The west northwestern part of the cemetery is the oldest and contains many unmarked graves.
The original baptist congregation was formed in 1755. In the early part of the 19th century, many Baptists sought to separate from the Calvinist aspect of their theologist that God predestined human beings to either heaven or hell. Others wanted reforms to have Sunday school, musical instruments and paid ministers. In 1832, the church passed a resolution rejecting the reforms and added 'primitive' to the church name.
Depression-era photographer Dorothea Lange photographed the church in early July 1939 as part of her project with the Farm Service Administration. [4] Before any photos were taken, Lange had to receive the permission of the older members of the church. Because of hesitation of several members she did not photograph inside the church. She photographed the church on two occasions: the first was on Wednesday, July 5, 1939; she photographed the ladies cleaning the church property. The second was on Sunday, July 9, 1939, where she photographed the congregation as they departed church services. The men departed from the left door and the women on the right door. Lange's work provided a glimpse of religious life in the south in the late 1930s. [5]
Dorothea Lange was an American documentary photographer and photojournalist, best known for her Depression-era work for the Farm Security Administration (FSA). Lange's photographs influenced the development of documentary photography and humanized the consequences of the Great Depression.
Two-Seed-in-the-Spirit Predestinarian Baptists are part of a larger sub-group of Baptists that is commonly referred to as "anti-mission" Baptists. This sub-group includes the Duck River and Kindred Baptists, Old Regular Baptists, some Regular Baptists and some United Baptists. Only a minuscule minority of Primitive Baptists adhere to the Two-Seed doctrine. The primary centers of Two-Seedism were in Northern Alabama, Arkansas, Eastern Tennessee, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, and Texas. As of 2002, five churches or congregations of this faith and order still existed in Alabama, Indiana, Tennessee, and Texas.
Primitive Baptists – also known as Regular Baptists, Old School Baptists, Foot Washing Baptists, or, derisively, Hard Shell Baptists – are conservative Baptists adhering to a degree of Calvinist beliefs who coalesced out of the controversy among Baptists in the early 19th century over the appropriateness of mission boards, tract societies, and temperance societies. Primitive Baptists are a subset of the Calvinistic Baptist tradition. The adjective "primitive" in the name is used in the sense of "original".
The Old Regular Baptist denomination is one of the oldest in Appalachia with roots in both the Regular and Separate Baptists of the American Colonies and the Particular Baptist of Great Britain. This group has seen a marked decline in its membership during the last two decades. Part of the decline may be attributable to orthodox biblical interpretations like a dress code where men must wear long pants, not shorts, and women must wear long dresses. Other such interpretations include women not being allowed to cut their hair or speak publicly on church business, although women can frequently shout while praising. Members who do not comply with the strict dress code and norms face being "churched", i.e., being kicked out of the congregation and possibly shunned. The Old Regular Baptist Faith and order with her many branches and factions still remains the dominant Faith in some rural Central Appalachian Counties along or near the Kentucky Virginia border. In most churches, the congregation maintains a collection of photographs of deceased members.
Union Baptists is a Baptist Christian denomination in United States.
Nutbush is a rural unincorporated community in Haywood County, Tennessee, United States, in the western part of the state, approximately 50 miles (80 km) north-east of Memphis. It was established in the early 19th century by European-American settlers, who bought enslaved African Americans to develop the area's cotton plantations. Houses and churches built during that time still stand.
Mulberry is an unincorporated community in Surry County, North Carolina. The center of the community is roughly the intersection of Mulberry Church Road and Poplar Springs Road. Located on Mulberry Church Road is Mulberry Primitive Church and cemetery, the oldest church in the community and the origin of the community's name.
Crooked Oak is an unincorporated community in the Stewarts Creek Township of northern Surry County, North Carolina, United States. The community is centered on the intersection of Old Lowgap Road and Pine Ridge Road. Prominent landmarks in the community include Zion Hill Primitive Baptist Church and cemetery.
The Primitive Baptist Church of Brookfield, also known as the Old School Baptist Meeting House, is located along US 6 in Slate Hill, New York, United States, a hamlet of the Town of Wawayanda in Orange County. It was built in 1792, when the settlement was known as Brookfield. It is one of the oldest extant church buildings in the county, and one of the earliest buildings in the settlement that became Slate Hill.
Monroe Township is one of ten townships in Jefferson County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 374 and it contained 164 housing units.
Okeewemee is an unincorporated community that is located in Montgomery County, North Carolina, United States.
Cherryville Township is a township in northwestern Gaston County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 16,500. It includes the incorporated city of Cherryville, the inactive incorporated town of Dellview, the unincorporated community of Tryon, and a portion of the town of High Shoals. It is represented on the Gaston County Board of Commissioners by Allen Fraley of Cherryville.
Kehukee Primitive Baptist Church is a historic Primitive Baptist church building in Halifax County, North Carolina located about a mile south of Scotland Neck off NC Route 125. It was built in 1872 and is a simple gable-front frame structure subsequently sheathed in weatherboard. A Gothic Revival style frame tower was added in 1901. Also on the property is a church cemetery established in 1889.
Spring Green Primitive Baptist Church is a historic Primitive Baptist church located near Hamilton, Martin County, North Carolina. It was built in 1878, and is a front-gable, frame building with late Greek Revival style design elements. The building measures 36 feet, 4 inches, wide and 55 feet, 4 1/2 inches deep. Also on the property is the contributing church cemetery.
The community of the Fourth Creek Congregation was a group of Scots-Irish Presbyterians who first arrived in the Province of North Carolina in the mid to late 1730s and established a congregation by 1750 under pastor John Thompson in Anson County which became Rowan County in 1753 and finally Iredell County in 1788. The site of the Fourth Creek Congregation was chosen as the location of the county seat of Iredell County in 1789 and was named Statesville in 1789. The Fourth Creek Presbyterian Church officially became the First Presbyterian Church of Statesville in 1875.
Sardis Primitive Baptist Church and Cemetery is a historic Primitive Baptist church and cemetery in Madison, North Carolina. Founded in 1801, it is one of the oldest church congregations in Rockingham County.
Bushy Fork is an unincorporated community in Person County, North Carolina. As of 2020, it has a population of 2,336. Its proximity is associated with the historical Henry-Vernon House built in 1854.
Sandfield Cemetery, also known as Sandfield Baptist Cemetery, is a historic Baptist cemetery founded before 1772, located in Richland County, South Carolina, United States. It is currently maintained by the Sandy Level Baptist Church in Blythewood, and this cemetery site has a historical marker.