| Wijde Bay Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Givetian | |
| Type | Formation |
| Unit of | Andrée Land Group |
| Overlies | Grey Hoek Formation |
| Location | |
| Region | Spitsbergen, Svalbard |
| Country |  Norway |
The Wijde Bay Formation is a geologic formation exposed on the island of Spitzbergen, Svalbard, Norway. It preserves fossils dating back to the Givetian stage of the Devonian period. It was originally known as the "Wijdefjorden Series" or the "Wijde Bay Series". [1]
Svalbard, also known as Spitsbergen, or Spitzbergen, is a Norwegian archipelago in the Arctic Ocean. North of mainland Europe, it is about midway between the northern coast of Norway and the North Pole. The islands of the group range from 74° to 81° north latitude, and from 10° to 35° east longitude. The largest island is Spitsbergen, followed by Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya. The largest settlement is Longyearbyen.
Svalbard is an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean roughly centered on 78° north latitude and 20° east longitude. The archipelago is the northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway. The three main islands in the group consist of Spitsbergen, Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya. There are also a number of smaller islands, such as Barents Island (Barentsøya), Kvitøya, Prins Karls Forland, Kongsøya, Bear Island, Svenskøya, Wilhelm Island and other smaller islands or skerries.
Ny-Ålesund is a small town in Oscar II Land on the island of Spitsbergen in Svalbard, Norway. It is situated on the Brøgger peninsula (Brøggerhalvøya) and on the shore of the bay of Kongsfjorden. The company town is owned and operated by Kings Bay, which provides facilities for permanent research activities by 19 institutions from 11 countries. The town is ultimately owned by the Ministry of Climate and Environment and is not incorporated. Ny-Ålesund has an all-year permanent population of 30 to 35, with the summer population reaching 114. Its facilities include Ny-Ålesund Airport, Hamnerabben, Svalbard Rocket Range, a port and Ny-Ålesund Town and Mine Museum, as well as a number of buildings dedicated to research and environmental monitoring activities. It is the northernmost functional civilian settlement in the world.
The Norwegian Polar Institute is Norway's central governmental institution for scientific research, mapping and environmental monitoring in the Arctic and the Antarctic. The NPI is a directorate under Norway's Ministry of Climate and Environment. The institute advises Norwegian authorities on matters concerning polar environmental management and is the official environmental management body for Norwegian activities in Antarctica.
Wahlenbergfjorden, sometimes known in English as Waalenburg Bay, is a fjord on the southwest coast of the Arctic island of Nordaustlandet, in Norway's Svalbard archipelago. At 46 kilometres (29 mi) in length, and 15 km (9.3 mi) wide, it is the fifth longest fjord in the archipelago, and the longest on the island. The fjord separates Gustav V Land in the north from Gustav Adolf Land in the south, at geographical co-ordinates 79°40′N20°00′E. Its mouth faces Spitsbergen across Hinlopen Strait, the strait separating the two islands.
Kongsøya is an island in Svalbard, Norway. It is the largest of the islands in King Charles Land. Its area is 191 square kilometres (74 sq mi). The other main island in the chain is Svenskøya.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Svalbard:
Magdalenefjorden is an 8 km long and up to 5 km wide fjord between Reuschhalvøya and Hoelhalvøya, Albert I Land, on the west coast of Spitsbergen, the largest island in the Svalbard archipelago. It is large enough to accommodate even the largest of cruise ships which are even able to turn through 180 degrees in the fjord. On the south shore of the fjord is the bay Gullybukta.
Palvennia is an extinct genus of ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaurian known from the uppermost Jurassic of Central Spitsbergen, Norway. It was named for PalVenn, the Friends of the Palaeontological Museum in Oslo, whose expedition led to the discovery of the type specimen. Palvennia is known from a single skull from the Slottsmøya Member of the Agardhfjellet Formation. The skull is 860 mm long, but is unusual in having a very short rostrum, similar to Ichthyosaurus breviceps. Because of this, the orbit seems very large, but this may be effected by crushing. The single and only known species is Palvennia hoybergeti Druckenmiller et al., 2012. In 2019, Palvennia was synonymized with Arthropterygius, though maintained as a separate species, by Nikolay Zverkov and Natalya Prilepskaya, although this synonymy was objected to later that same year by Lene Delsett and colleagues, who maintained that they were sufficiently different to warrant separate genera.
Sabinebukta is a bay at the northern side of Nordaustlandet, Svalbard. The bay is split into Vestre Sabinevågen and Austre Sabinevågen. The Sabine Islands are located in the outer part of the bay. The bay is named after Arctic explorer Edward Sabine.
Kvalpynten is a headland at Edgeøya, Svalbard. It is the most southwestern point of Edgeøya. The headland contains the mountain Kvalpyntfjellet, and the summit of the glacier Kvalpyntfonna further east is the highest point on Edgeøya. The bay Tjuvfjorden is located between Kvalpynten and Negerpynten further southeast.
Lågnesflya is a coastal plain in Nordenskiöld Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is located between the lakes of Femvatna and Andungen in the north and Ytterdalselva in the southeast, the bays of Van Muydenbukta and Marvågen, and the hills of Lågnesrabbane. The pyramid shaped landmark of Ytterdalsgubben is located between Lågnesflya and the glacier of Erdmannbreen.
Dunérbukta is a bay at the western shore of Storfjorden in Sabine Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is named after Swedish astronomer Nils Christoffer Dunér. The glacier of Ulvebreen debouches into the bay. At the northern side of the bay is the mountain of Domen and the ridge Kapp Johannesen.
Hayesbreen is a glacier in Sabine Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is named after American politician and Arctic explorer Isaac Israel Hayes. The glacier has a length of about eighteen kilometers, and debouches into the bay of Mohnbukta. Surrounding mountains are Aagaardfjellet to the north, Jebensfjellet to the south, and Panofskyfjellet where Hayesbreen joins the glacier of Königsbergbreen.
Mohnbukta is a bay at the western shore of Storfjorden in Sabine Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is named after Norwegian meteorologist Henrik Mohn. The glacier of Hayesbreen is situated northwest of the bay. At the western side of the bay is the mountain of Kroghfjellet, and north of the bay is the mountain of Teistberget.
The Wood Bay Series is a geologic formation found on the island of Spitsbergen, Svalbard in Norway. It preserves fossils dating back to the Pragian–Emsian stages of the Devonian period.
The Dracoisen Formation is a geologic formation found on the islands of Spitsbergen and Nordaustlandet in Svalbard, Norway. It is Ediacaran in age. Microfossils have been found, including Bavinella faveolata and rare acritarchs.
The Frænkelryggen Formation is a geologic formation in Svalbard, Norway. The fluvial sandstones and green shales preserve flora and early fish fossils dating back to the Lochkovian stage of the Early Devonian period.
Paulabreen is a glacier in Nathorst Land and Heer Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a length of about fifteen kilometers, extending from the mountain of Kjølberget to the bay of Rindersbukta. The glacier is named after Paula, the wife of shipmaster Richard Ritter von Barry. Paulabreen borders to the mountain area of Vriompeisen, and the mountain of Hollertoppen. A tributary glacier is Bakaninbreen.
Kapp Toscana is a headland at the southern side of Van Keulenfjorden in Wedel Jarlsberg Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is named after an Austrian family. West of the headland is the bay of Bourbonhamna, extending from Kapp Toscana to Kapp Madrid. East of the headland is the bay of Ingebrigtsenbukta, extending from Kapp Toscana to Ålesundneset.
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