William A. V. Clark

Last updated
William A.V. Clark
Born (1938-03-21) March 21, 1938 (age 85)
Christchurch, New Zealand
Alma materUniversity of Canterbury
University of New Zealand
University of Illinois

William Arthur Valentine Clark (born 21 March, 1938, in Christchurch, New Zealand) is Distinguished University Research Professor in the Geography Department at the University of California, Los Angeles. [1] His research focuses on housing markets and residential mobility and migration, and the impacts of local residential change on neighborhood outcomes, including segregation and ethnic and racial patterns. [2] [3]

Contents

After joining UCLA in the 1970s, Clark taught and conducted research there for the next four decades. [4] In 2018, he was awarded the Edward A. Dickson Award from the UCLA Emeriti Association [1] and the Lifetime Achievement Honors of the Association of American Geographers. He is an Elected Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, an Elected Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand and a member of the National Academy of Sciences. [5]

Education and career

Clark completed his bachelor’s and master’s degrees at the University of Canterbury, then a constituent college of the University of New Zealand. His master's thesis, titled "Dunedin in 1901" : a study in historical urban geography, was completed in 1961. [6] He was awarded a Fulbright Fellowship to attend the University of Illinois, Urbana and received his PhD in geography in 1964. [7] He returned to teach at the University of Canterbury, New Zealand for two years between 1964 and 1966. [4]

Clark then returned to the US to take up an assistant professorship at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He received tenure in Geography and Planning but resigned in 1970 to move to the Geography Department at UCLA, where he taught and conducted research for four decades. In 2010, he became a Distinguished Research Professor (Emeritus) at UCLA. [4]

He has been the editor of Geographical Analysis (1984–1987), Environment and Planning A (1988–1998) and consulting editor of Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, (1985–1988). He is a member of the editorial boards of Geographical Analysis and Population, Space and Place. [8]

Contributions

Clark's research papers have formally tested the Schelling model of choice and showed that the theoretical tolerance distributions outlined by Schelling, could be generated from survey data. A second set of research papers showed how the life cycle generated residential moves and neighborhood outcomes. [9] [10]

Throughout his career, Clark participated in many desegregation court cases studying the racial and ethnic separation patterns around the United States. These studies were stimulated by a question posed by Lewis F. Powell Jr. in the Detroit desegregation litigation (Milliken v Bradley, 1974) – "how can we understand the patterns of ethnic and racial segregation in US cities." [11] The court hearings gave an opportunity to bring geographic and demographic findings about segregation and separation into the court room. Demographic research on the issues of residential segregation and selection was presented in these presentations: Armor v Nix (1979), Dowell (Oklahoma), Freeman v. Pitts (Georgia), Riddick (Norfolk Virginia), Jenkins (Kansas City), and Capacchione vs Charlotte-Mecklenburg (North Carolina). [12] As the court reported in their review of Freeman v Pitts, “when residential segregation occurs as a result of private choices it is beyond the authority and also the ability of federal courts to address these private decisions and the impact of continuing and ongoing demographic changes.” [4]

Awards and honors

Clark was awarded a Fulbright fellowship in 1961 to study in the United States and later received the Honors Award of the Association of American Geographers in 1987. He held the Belle Van Zuylen Professorship, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands in 1989 and was awarded the Doctorate Honoris Causis (Honorary Doctorate), University of Utrecht, The Netherlands in 1992, and a DSc (Doctor of Science) from the University of Auckland, New Zealand in 1994. [4]

Clark was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1994 [13] and elected an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand in 1997. In 2003 he was elected as a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and in 2005 to the National Academy of Sciences [5] and in the same year received the Decade of Behavior Research Award. [14] The College of Letters Arts and Sciences of The University of Illinois awarded him the Alumni Achievement Award in 2006.

Clark's recent honors include the 2013 Lifetime Achievement Award of the Population Specialty Group from the Association of American Geographers, a 2014 Benjamin Meaker Research Fellowship from Bristol University, the 2015 Distinguished New Zealand Geographer Medal by New Zealand Geographic Society [15] and the 2018 Lifetime Achievement Honors of the Association of American Geographers. [16] He received the 2018 Edward A. Dickson Award from the UCLA Emeriti Association.

Selected publications

Books

Articles

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ghetto</span> Part of a city in which members of a minority group live

A ghetto is a part of a city in which members of a minority group live, especially as a result of political, social, legal, environmental or economic pressure. Ghettos are often known for being more impoverished than other areas of the city. Versions of the ghetto appear across the world, each with their own names, classifications, and groupings of people.

William Julius Wilson is an American sociologist. He is a professor at Harvard University and author of works on urban sociology, race and class issues. Laureate of the National Medal of Science, he served as the 80th President of the American Sociological Association, was a member of numerous national boards and commissions. He identified the importance of neighborhood effects and demonstrated how limited employment opportunities and weakened institutional resources exacerbated poverty within American inner-city neighborhoods.

Racial steering refers to the practice in which real estate brokers guide prospective home buyers towards or away from certain neighborhoods based on their race. The term is used in the context of de facto residential segregation in the United States, and is often divided into two broad classes of conduct:

  1. Advising customers to purchase homes in particular neighborhoods on the basis of race
  2. Failing, on the basis of race, to show, or to inform buyers of homes that meet their specifications.
<span class="mw-page-title-main">Racial segregation in the United States</span>

Racial segregation in the United States is the systematic separation of facilities and services such as housing, healthcare, education, employment, and transportation on racial grounds. The term is mainly used in reference to the legally or socially enforced separation of African Americans from whites, but it is also used in reference to the separation of other ethnic minorities from majority and mainstream communities. While mainly referring to the physical separation and provision of separate facilities, it can also refer to other manifestations such as prohibitions against interracial marriage, and the separation of roles within an institution. Notably, in the United States Armed Forces up until 1948, black units were typically separated from white units but were still led by white officers.

Allen John Scott is a professor of geography and public policy at University of California, Los Angeles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brian Berry</span>

Brian Joe Lobley Berry is a British-American human geographer and city and regional planner. He is Lloyd Viel Berkner Regental Professor in the School of Economic, Political and Policy Sciences at the University of Texas at Dallas. His urban and regional research in the 1960s sparked geography’s social-scientific revolution and made him the most-cited geographer for more than 25 years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Xavier Briggs</span> American sociologist and policy reformer

Xavier de Souza Briggs is an American educator, social scientist, and policy expert, known for his work on economic opportunity, social capital, democratic governance, and leading social change. He has influenced housing and urban policy in the United States, contributing to the concept of the "geography of opportunity," which examines the consequences of housing segregation, by race or economic status, for the well-being and life prospects of children and families. He is a former member of the Harvard and MIT faculties, currently a senior fellow of the Brookings Institution. He is an elected fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration.

Residential segregation in the United States is the physical separation of two or more groups into different neighborhoods—a form of segregation that "sorts population groups into various neighborhood contexts and shapes the living environment at the neighborhood level". While it has traditionally been associated with racial segregation, it generally refers to the separation of populations based on some criteria.

Housing segregation in the United States is the practice of denying African Americans and other minority groups equal access to housing through the process of misinformation, denial of realty and financing services, and racial steering. Housing policy in the United States has influenced housing segregation trends throughout history. Key legislation include the National Housing Act of 1934, the G.I. Bill, and the Fair Housing Act. Factors such as socioeconomic status, spatial assimilation, and immigration contribute to perpetuating housing segregation. The effects of housing segregation include relocation, unequal living standards, and poverty. However, there have been initiatives to combat housing segregation, such as the Section 8 housing program.

Jennifer R. Wolch is a professor of Urban Planning, Geography and dean of the UC Berkeley College of Environmental Design.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eric Sheppard</span>

Eric Sheppard is a British and American geographer, and Professor of Economic geography at UCLA.

Racial inequality in the United States identifies the social inequality and advantages and disparities that affect different races within the United States. These can also be seen as a result of historic oppression, inequality of inheritance, or racism and prejudice, especially against minority groups.

Julian Wolpert is Bryant Professor Emeritus of Geography, Public Affairs, and Urban Planning at Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson School, where he taught from 1973 to 2005 and chaired the Program in Urban and Regional Planning. He was previously a member of the Regional Science Department at the University of Pennsylvania (1963–73).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Frans Dieleman</span> Dutch geographer

François Marinus (Frans) Dieleman was a Dutch geographer and Professor in Urban and Rural Geography at the Utrecht University known for his work in the fields of urban geography and the geography of housing.

Susan E. Hanson is an American geographer. She is a Distinguished University Professor Emerita in the Graduate School of Geography at Clark University. Her research has focused on gender and work, travel patterns, and feminist scholarly approaches.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stefanie DeLuca</span> Urban sociologist

Stefanie Deluca is a sociologist and the James Coleman Professor of Sociology at Johns Hopkins University. She co-wrote the book, Coming of Age in the Other America. Deluca received her Ph.D. in Human Development and Social Policy at Northwestern University in 2002 and bachelor’s degrees in Psychology and Sociology at the University of Chicago.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Rennie Short</span>

John Rennie Short is a professor of geography and public policy in the School of Public Policy at University of Maryland, Baltimore County.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arthur C. Nelson</span> American urban planner and academic

Arthur C. Nelson is an American urban planner, researcher and academic. He is Professor of Urban Planning and Real Estate Development at the University of Arizona.

Mei-Po Kwan is an American geographer and academic. Her contributions to the field include environmental health, human mobility, transport and health issues in cities, and geographic information science (GIScience).

David Howard Kaplan is an American geographer, academic, and author. He is a professor of geography at Kent State University.

References

  1. 1 2 "Dickson Emeritus Professorship Award recipients named".
  2. ↑ "Clark, W. A. V. - WorldCat".
  3. ↑ "In Los Angeles, increasing neighborhood diversity means that segregation is on the decline". 13 October 2015.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 "Man on the Move". October 2006.
  5. 1 2 "William A.V. Clark".
  6. ↑ Clark, W. (1961). "Dunedin in 1901" : a study in historical urban geography (Masters thesis). UC Research Repository, University of Canterbury. doi:10.26021/4015. hdl:10092/9152.
  7. ↑ "William A.V. Clark".
  8. ↑ "Population, Space and Place - Editors".
  9. ↑ Clark, William A. V.; Fossett, Mark (June 2008). "Understanding the social context of the Schelling Segregation model". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105 (11): 4109–4114. Bibcode:2008PNAS..105.4109C. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0708155105 . PMC   2393808 . PMID   18334650.
  10. ↑ "Schelling Seminar Series (SAMM/CAMS): William A. V. Clark (UCLA), Mardi 10 Octobre 2017 à 14h30".
  11. ↑ Caldas, Stephen J.; Bankston, Carl Leon (2003). Reflections of an Expert Witness. ISBN   9781590337288.
  12. ↑ "Capacchione v. Charlotte Mecklenburg Schools".
  13. ↑ "William A V Clark".
  14. ↑ "Gibson receives 2005 Decade of Behavior Research Award". 14 April 2005.
  15. ↑ "Distinguished New Zealand Geographer".
  16. ↑ "AAG Announces the 2018 AAG Honors".
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.