Wraxall Camp

Last updated
Wraxall Camp
England
Field edge boundary (geograph 3522458).jpg
Looking south. Woods of Wraxall Camp to the left.
Somerset UK relief location map.jpg
Red pog.svg
Wraxall Camp
Location in Somerset
Coordinates 51°26′40″N2°41′29″W / 51.444319°N 2.691328°W / 51.444319; -2.691328 Coordinates: 51°26′40″N2°41′29″W / 51.444319°N 2.691328°W / 51.444319; -2.691328
TypeEarthwork
Site information
ConditionOvergrown
Site history
MaterialsEarth

Wraxall Camp, or Failand Camp, is a small round earthwork in Somerset. The remains are indistinct and thickly covered by woods, but it appears to have been an Iron Age farmstead, and not a defensive structure.

Contents

Location

Wraxall Camp is a scheduled monument [1] in the parish of Wraxall and Failand in North Somerset, in an upland region of carboniferous limestone. [2] The site is 1.5 miles (2.4 km) east of Wraxall village and 100 metres (330 ft) north of Failand village. [3] It is an Iron Age settlement with a raised oval interior about 40 metres (130 ft) wide on the long axis. There may be traces of ancient agriculture between the camp and Manor Farm to the north, and the earthwork may be connected with the remains of a field system south and southwest of Manor Farm. [2]

Partial excavations in 1928 found sherds of black burnished pottery and a Kimmeridge shale bracelet, typical of rural settlements in the Iron Age. The finds, placed in the University of Bristol Spelæological Society Museum in Bristol, were destroyed by bombing in World War II (1939–45). [2] Many worked flints have been found in the fields around the camp. [3] The site is thickly covered in trees. [3]

Structure

From its location on relatively high but level ground the camp seems most likely to have been a farmstead, and not defensive. Minor earthworks mark the homes in the interior, which were surrounded by a bank and ditch. The bank, up to 8 metres (26 ft) wide, was made of earth and small stones over natural rock outcrops. It is now no more than 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) high. Where the ditch can still be detected to the south and west it was 8 metres (26 ft) wide. [2] There may be an entrance in the southwest of the enclosure. [3]

Notes

    1. "Iron Age defended settlement 400m south of Manor Farm, Wraxall and Failand - 1018267 | Historic England". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 2022-03-28.
    2. 1 2 3 4 Wraxall Camp – Historic England.
    3. 1 2 3 4 Wraxall Camp – Megalithic Portal.

    Sources

    Commons-logo.svg Media related to Wraxall Camp at Wikimedia Commons

    Related Research Articles

    Wraxall, Somerset Human settlement in England

    Wraxall is a village in North Somerset, England, about 6 miles (10 km) west of Bristol. Until 1811 the parish of the same name also included Nailsea and Flax Bourton. The village is now within the parish of Wraxall and Failand.

    Cadbury Camp Iron Age hillfort in Somerset, England

    Cadbury Camp is an Iron Age hill fort in Somerset, England, near the village of Tickenham. It is a scheduled monument. Although primarily known as a fort during the Iron Age it is likely, from artefacts, including a bronze spear or axe head, discovered at the site, that it was first used in the Bronze Age and still occupied through the Roman era into the sub-Roman period when the area became part of a Celtic kingdom. The name may mean "Fort of Cador" - Cado(r) being possibly the regional king or warlord controlling Somerset, Bristol, and South Gloucestershire, in the middle to late 5th century. Cador has been associated with Arthurian England, though the only evidence for this is the reference in the Life of St. Carantoc to Arthur and Cador ruling from Dindraithou and having the power over western Somerset to grant Carantoc's plea to build a church at Carhampton. Geoffrey of Monmouth invented the title 'Duke of Cornwall' for Cador in his misleading History of the Kings of Britain.

    Maes Knoll

    Maes Knoll is an Iron Age hill fort in Somerset, England, located at the eastern end of the Dundry Down ridge, south of the city of Bristol and north of the village of Norton Malreward near the eastern side of Dundry Hill. It is a Scheduled Ancient Monument.

    Dolebury Warren Hillfort in North Somerset

    Dolebury Warren is a 90.6 hectares biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and ancient monument near the villages of Churchill and Rowberrow in North Somerset, part of South West England. It is owned by the National Trust, who acquired the freehold in 1983, and managed by the Avon Wildlife Trust.

    Dowsborough Hillfort in Somerset

    Dowsborough Camp is an Iron Age hill fort on the Quantock Hills near Nether Stowey in Somerset, England. It has been designated as a Scheduled Ancient Monument. The fort and associated round barrow has been added to the Heritage at Risk Register due to vulnerability to vehicle damage and erosion.

    Cleeve Toot Iron Age hillfort in Somerset, England

    Cleeve Toot is an Iron Age univallate hillfort above Goblin Combe, Cleeve, Somerset, England. It is a Scheduled Ancient Monument.

    Black Ball Camp Iron Age hillfort in Somerset, England

    Black Ball Camp is an Iron Age hill fort South West of Dunster, Somerset, England on the northern summit of Gallox Hill. It is a Scheduled Ancient Monument.

    Bury Castle, Selworthy Iron Age hillfort in Somerset, England

    Bury Castle is an Iron Age hill fort near Selworthy, Somerset, England. It has been scheduled as an ancient monument.

    Kenwalchs Castle

    Kenwalch's Castle is probably an Iron Age hill fort that may have been converted into a Roman fortress, near Penselwood, Somerset, England, 6.6 kilometres (4 mi) east south east of Bruton at grid reference ST747335. It is a Scheduled Ancient Monument. It is believed to be named after Cenwalh of Wessex.

    Wraxall and Failand Human settlement in England

    Wraxall and Failand is a civil parish in Somerset, England. It includes the villages of Wraxall and Failand. It has a population of 2,302.

    Worlebury Camp Hillfort in North Somerset

    Worlebury Camp is the site of an Iron Age hillfort on Worlebury Hill, north of Weston-super-Mare in Somerset, England. The fort was well defended with a numerous walls, embankments and ditches around the site. Several large triangular platforms have been uncovered around the sides of the fort, lower down on the hillside. Nearly one hundred storage pits of various sizes were cut into the bedrock, and many of these had human remains, coins, and other artefacts in them. During the 19th and 20th centuries the fort suffered damage and was threatened with complete destruction on multiple occasions. Now, the site is a designated Scheduled monument. it falls within the Weston Woods Local Nature Reserve which was declared to Natural England by North Somerset Council in 2005.

    Drove Cottage Henge is a scheduled monument in the Priddy parish of Somerset, England. It is located 370 metres (1,210 ft) north of Drove Cottage. The site is a ceremonial Neolithic location. Since this henge is one of only around 80 henges throughout England, it is considered to be nationally important.

    Stokeleigh Camp

    Stokeleigh Camp is an Iron Age promontory fort in Leigh Woods North Somerset near Bristol, England. The hill fort is one of three Iron Age fortifications overlooking the Avon Gorge, the others being Burgh Walls Camp south of the Nightingale Valley, of which almost no trace remains, and the other being Clifton Down Camp on the opposite side of the gorge, on Clifton Down near the Observatory. A prehistoric road is believed to have connected Stokeleigh Camp with Cadbury Camp near Tickenham in North Somerset.

    Cholesbury Camp

    Cholesbury Camp is a large and well-preserved Iron Age hill fort on the northern edge of the village of Cholesbury in Buckinghamshire, England. It is roughly oval-shaped and covers an area, including ramparts, of 15 acres (6.1 ha), and measures approximately 310 m (1,020 ft) north-east to south-west by 230 m (750 ft) north-west to south-east. The interior is a fairly level plateau which has been in agricultural use since the medieval period. The hill fort is now a scheduled ancient monument.

    Mounsey Castle

    Mounsey Castle is an Iron Age irregular triangular earthwork of 1.75 hectares north west of Dulverton, Somerset, England. It has been scheduled as an ancient monument. It has been added to the Heritage at Risk Register.

    Dudsbury Camp

    Dudsbury Camp is one of a series of Iron Age earthworks in Dorset, starting from Hambledon Hill, and including Hod Hill, Spetisbury Rings, Buzbury Rings, Badbury Rings and Dudsbury Camp. The Iron Age port at Hengistbury Head forms a final Iron Age monument in this small chain of sites. The fort is located near the village of West Parley.

    Caesars Camp, Rushmoor and Waverley

    Caesar's Camp is an Iron Age hill fort straddling the border of the counties of Surrey and Hampshire in southern England. The fort straddles the borough of Waverley in Surrey and the borough of Rushmoor and the district of Hart, both in Hampshire. Caesar's Camp is a Scheduled Ancient Monument with a list entry identification number of 1007895. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) north of the town of Farnham, and a similar distance west of Aldershot. The hillfort lies entirely within the Bourley and Long Valley Site of Special Scientific Interest. Caesar's Camp is a multivallate hillfort, a fort with multiple defensive rings, occupying an irregular promontory, with an entrance on the south side. The site has been much disturbed by military activity, especially at the southeast corner. The remains of the hillfort are considered to be of national importance.

    The Bulwarks, Porthkerry

    The Bulwarks, Porthkerry is a promontory fort in Rhoose, Vale of Glamorgan, on the southern coast of Wales overlooking the Bristol Channel. It probably dates to the Iron Age and continued to be occupied during the Roman period in Britain. The ramparts and ditches along the west side are well preserved, but the fortifications are heavily overgrown.

    Walton Common banjo enclosure

    The Walton Common banjo enclosure is a banjo enclosure on Walton Common, to the north of Walton in Gordano, Somerset, England. It appears to date to the late Iron Age, and may have been a high-status settlement. The term "banjo" refers to the shape. It is a round enclosure approached by a straight avenue, with the enclosure and avenue bounded by banks and ditches. The banks have been worn down and the ditches filled in over time, so it is scarcely noticeable from the ground. It showed up on photographs from the air taken in 1930 and 1946. Since then the site has become more overgrown and is hard to detect even from the air.