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The United States Navy, United States Coast Guard, and United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) use a hull classification symbol to identify their ships by type and by individual ship within a type. The system is analogous to the pennant number system that the Royal Navy and other European and Commonwealth navies use.
USS Algonquin, completed as El Toro in 1891 for the Southern Pacific Railroad's Morgan Line, was a small harbor tug commissioned by the United States Navy 2 April 1898. Renamed Accomac, after Accomac, Virginia, June 1898, renamed Nottoway in 1918 and, after the Navy adopted alphanumeric hull numbers on 17 July 1920, classified as YT-18, a district tug. On 5 October 1942 the name was cancelled and the tug was simply YT-18 until 1944 when classification was changed to YTL-18, a little harbor tug. Over the years as a Navy tug, from 1898 to 1946, the tug served from Cuba to Boston.
An auxiliary ship is a naval ship designed to support combatant ships and other naval operations. Auxiliary ships are not primary combatant vessels, though they may have some limited combat capacity, usually for purposes of self-defense.
Apalachicola (YTB-767) was a United States Navy Natick-class large harbor tug named for Apalachicola, Florida.
USS Advance (YT-28) was an Advance-class tugboat acquired by the United States Navy for the task of patrolling American coastal waters during the First World War.
Arapaho-class tugboats were oceangoing tugboats designated fleet tugs by the United States Navy during their service in the early half of the 20th century. They were in service during World War I and World War II. Arapaho was built by the Seattle Construction and Drydock Company in Seattle, Washington.
USS Nokomis (YT-142/YTB-142/YTM-142) was a Woban-class harbor tug built in Bremerton, Wash, and assigned to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, in 1940. Nokomis was present during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, 7 December 1941. She was the first vessel on scene at the USS Arizona, and was called off by the officers on deck because of the imminent explosion of the battery below deck. It then left and helped beach the USS Nevada, with Hoga (YT-146), and YT-153. The beaching of the Nevada saved Pearl Harbor's mouth from being blocked. After that the USS Nokomis fought fires and dewatered the battleship USS California, for 3 days. This effort made the California salvageable, to be recommissioned again later in the war. Nokomis was also the last vessel to move the surviving YC-699 barge prior to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Post-war she continued serving Pearl Harbor ships until she was decommissioned in May 1973, and eventually sold for "scrap" to Crowley, in San Francisco. She was renamed Sea Serpent and served many years in the San Francisco Bay as a tug and fire boat. In 1989, after the Loma Prieta earthquake in the SF Bay area, Nokomis and Hoga fought fires alongside each other again.
Manhattan (YTB‑779/YT-800) is a United States Navy Natick-class large harbor tug named for Manhattan, New York.
USS Active was a tug constructed in 1888 at San Francisco by the Union Iron Works. The tug, first steel tug built on the West Coast, was launched 4 August 1888. She was acquired by the United States Navy from John D. Spreckels Brothers Co. on 18 April 1898 "for auxiliary purposes incident to a state of war." Converted for naval service at her builder's yard, she was commissioned at the Mare Island Navy Yard on 6 July 1898. She was the third US Navy ship to be named Active.
Modoc was a steam tug, built in 1890 as the commercial tug Enterprise, in service with the United States Navy from 1898 to 1947. The tug had been assigned the hull number YT‑16 in 1920. When the name Modoc was cancelled 5 October 1942 the tug became the unnamed YT‑16 until reclassified in 1944 to become YTL-16. The tug served for 49 years and in both World War I and World War II before being transferred to the Maritime Commission in early 1947 for disposal.
The Type V ship is a United States Maritime Commission (MARCOM) designation for World War II tugboats. Type V was used in World War II, Korean War, and the Vietnam War. Type V ships were used to move ships and barges. Type V tugboats were made of either steel or wood hulls. There were four types of tugboats ordered for World War II. The largest type V design was the sea worthy 186-foot (57 m) long steel hull, V4-M-A1. The V4-M-A1 design was used by a number of manufacturers; a total of 49 were built. A smaller steel hull tugboat was the 94-foot (29 m) V2-ME-A1; 26 were built. The largest wooden hull was the 148-foot (45 m) V3-S-AH2, of which 14 were built. The smaller wooden hull was the 58-foot (18 m) V2-M-AL1, which 35 were built. Most V2-M-AL1 tugboats were sent to the United Kingdom for the war efforts under the lend-lease act. The Type V tugs served across the globe during World War II including: Pacific War, European theatre, and in the United States. SS Farallon, and other Type V tugs, were used to help built Normandy ports, including Mulberry harbour, on D-Day, 6 June 1944, and made nine round trips to Normandy to deliver Phoenix breakwaters.
Everett-Pacific Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company was established in 1942 to build ships needed for World War II. Yard construction began on 1 March 1942. As part of the Emergency Shipbuilding Program, the US Navy provided some of the capital to start Everett-Pacific Shipbuilding at Port Gardner Bay in Everett, Washington. Everett-Pacific was sold in 1945 to the Pacific Car and Foundry, who was already a major manufacturer of railcars and trucks. Pacific Car and Foundry was building barges for the US Navy during World War II at plants in Renton, Seattle and Tacoma in the state of Washington. The lease for the shipyard in Everett, Washington ended in 1949 and the yard closed. Pacific Car and Foundry in 1972 changed its name to Paccar Inc. to reflect its major products. The Everett-Pacific shipyard site later became part of Western Gear, a heavy machinery manufacturer. in 1987 the shipyard became part of Naval Station Everett. Everett-Pacific Shipbuilding was started by William Pigott Jr. a Seattle businessmen and his brother Paul Pigott (1900-1961). William Pigott Jr. was born in 26 Aug. 1895 in Pueblo, CO and died on 8 July 1947 in San Francisco, CA.
Victory Shipbuilding was the name of two shipbuilding companies that built vessels during World War 2. The first was the Victory Shipbuilding Company, of Holland, Michigan, and the second was the Victory Shipbuilding Corporation, of Newport Beach, California.
W. F. Stone & Son or Stone Boat Yard was a small wooden shipbuilding company in Alameda, California. To support the World War 2 demand for ships W. F. Stone & Son built tugboats, sub chasers and minesweepers. For World War 1 the shipyard, then called W. F. Stone & Son at Kennedy and Bocimer Streets, built tugboats for postwar work in 1921. The shipyard was opened in 1853 by William F. Stone, from Dartmouth, England, at the Hunter's Point in San Francisco Bay, near the current Hunters Point Naval Shipyard. In 1892 William Stone's son, Frank, ran the company and moved the shipyard to Tiburon. In 1899 he moved the shipyard again to Harbor View, San Francisco. In 1911, he again moved to Diesel Way, in Oakland, near Union Point Park on the Tidal Canal. When Lester Stone, Frank's son, became a partner, the company was changed to W. F. Stone & Son. In 1923, Frank Stone died, Lester Stone continued the company. In 1942 the company moved again, to 2517 Blanding Ave, Alameda on the south side of the Tidal Canal. In 1970 Lester Stone retired and sold the shipyard to John Whitset. Whitset, who did not rename the company, the company went into bankruptcy in 1986. It came out of bankruptcy and was sold to Bill and Grace Bodle. Bodle sold the company in 2000 to David Olson. The shipyard closed in 2004. For most of its history, the shipyard built a large variety of schooners, fishing boats, cargo ships, tugboats, sailboats, racing and recreational yachts.
Anderson & Cristofani was a wooden shipbuilding company in San Francisco, California. To support the World War 2 demand for ships Anderson & Cristofani shipyard switched over to military construction and built: US Navy APC coastal transports, tugboats, Patrol Boats and Minesweepers.
The Pacific Coast Engineering Company or PACECO is an American industrial fabricator and mechanical engineering company, and was previously a shipbuilding company in Oakland, California and then Alameda, California. To support the World War II demand for ships, PACECO shipyard switched over to military construction and built US Navy Tugboats.
Eureka Shipbuilding was a wooden shipbuilding company in Eureka, California. The shipyard was just south of town in Fields Landing on the South Bay of Humboldt Bay. To support the World War 2 demand for ships Eureka Shipbuilding shipyard switched over to military construction and built: United States Marine Corps tugboatss. Eureka Shipbuilding was started in 1941. On January 25, 1943 Eureka Ship Builders, Inc. was awarded a contract to build six V2-M-AL1 tugboats at a cost of $35,970 each, contact number DA-MCc-824. V2-M-AL1 tus is a class of Type V ship. The V2-M-AL1 is also called a Port Sewall class tug. V2-V2-M-AL1 tugs were named for American ports. All of Eureka Shipbuilding tug were used for Lend-Lease use to Britain as type TUSA tugs. After the war in 1947 the company was renamed `
Splinter fleet or Splinter navy was a nickname given to the United States wooden boats used in World War II. The boats served in many different roles during the war. These boats were built in small boatyards on the West coast and East coast, Great Lakes and the Gulf of Mexico. They could be built quickly, in just 60 to 120 days. Most of the boats were built by boatyards that already had the tools and knowledge from building yachts, sailboats and motor boats. Many were built by craftsmen in family-owned small businesses. Under the Emergency Shipbuilding Program and War Shipping Administration contracts went out to over fifty boatyards across the country. The boats were built for the US Navy, the United States Army Air Forces, United States Coast Guard, and US Army. Some of the wooden boats went to Allied nations on the Lend-Lease program.
The YT-46-class harbor tugboat was a wood-hulled tugboat design ordered by the U.S. Navy in May and June 1918 during World War I. 40 ships of the type were launched and completed at 13 shipyards: the Charleston Navy Yard; the New Orleans Naval Yard; the Clayton Ship & Boat Building Company, Clayton, New York; the Eastern Shipyard Company, Greenport, New York; the Eastern Shore Shipbuilding Company, Sharpstown, Maryland; the Greenport Basin and Construction Company, Greenport, New York; the Hiltebrant Dry Dock Company, Kingston, New York; Robert Jacob Shipyard, City Island, New York; the Luders Marine Construction Company, Stamford, Connecticut; the Mathis Yacht Building Company, Camden, New Jersey; the New York Yacht, Launch & Engine Company, Bronx, New York; the Vinyard Shipbuilding Company, Milford, Delaware; and the Wheeler Shipyard Corporation, Brooklyn, New York. In 1920, at the Navy's adoption of alpha-numeric hull designations, the ships were classified as yard tugs YT-46 though YT-85.
References
- 1 2 3 4 Priolo, Gary P.; Wright, David L. "YTL-86, ex-YMT-1 (1929 - 1944), YT-86 (1920 - 1929), Harbor Tug No. 86 (1918 - 1920)". NavSource - Naval Source History. Retrieved June 7, 2022.
- ↑ "U. S. Navy Harbor Tug No. 85, 1919-1920". Naval Historical Center . May 2007.
- ↑ Colton, Tim (May 7, 2011). "Yard Tugs (YT, YTB, YTM, YTL) Built or Acquired Before WWII". ShipbuildingHistory. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
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