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Electric power distribution is the final stage in the delivery of electricity. Electricity is carried from the transmission system to individual consumers. Distribution substations connect to the transmission system and lower the transmission voltage to medium voltage ranging between 2 kV and 33 kV with the use of transformers. Primary distribution lines carry this medium voltage power to distribution transformers located near the customer's premises. Distribution transformers again lower the voltage to the utilization voltage used by lighting, industrial equipment and household appliances. Often several customers are supplied from one transformer through secondary distribution lines. Commercial and residential customers are connected to the secondary distribution lines through service drops. Customers demanding a much larger amount of power may be connected directly to the primary distribution level or the subtransmission level.
Distributed generation, also distributed energy, on-site generation (OSG), or district/decentralized energy, is electrical generation and storage performed by a variety of small, grid-connected or distribution system-connected devices referred to as distributed energy resources (DER).
Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) describes a system in which plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) sell demand response services to the grid. Demand services are either delivering electricity to the grid or reducing the rate of charge from the grid. Demand services reduce the peaks in demand for grid supply, and hence reduce the probability of disruption from load variations. Vehicle-to-load (V2L) and Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) are related, but the AC phase is not synchronised with the grid, so the power is only available to "off-grid" load.
A microgrid is a local electrical grid with defined electrical boundaries, acting as a single and controllable entity. It is able to operate in grid-connected and in island mode. A 'stand-alone microgrid' or 'isolated microgrid' only operates off-the-grid and cannot be connected to a wider electric power system. Very small microgrids are called nanogrids.
A virtual power plant (VPP) is a system that integrates multiple, possibly heterogeneous, power sources to provide grid power. A VPP typically sells its output to an electric utility. VPPs allow energy resources that are individually too small to be of interest to a utility to aggregate and market their power. As of 2024, VPPs operated in the United States, Europe, and Australia.
The smart grid is an enhancement of the 20th century electrical grid, using two-way communications and distributed so-called intelligent devices. Two-way flows of electricity and information could improve the delivery network. Research is mainly focused on three systems of a smart grid – the infrastructure system, the management system, and the protection system. Electronic power conditioning and control of the production and distribution of electricity are important aspects of the smart grid.
GridLAB-D is an open-source simulation and analysis tool that models emerging smart grid energy technologies. It couples power flow calculations with distribution automation models, building energy use and appliance demand models, and market models. It is used primarily to estimate the benefits and impacts of smart grid technology.
Bin Chen is a Chinese-born American materials scientist who works at the NASA Ames Research Center. She is an adjunct professor at University of California, Santa Cruz. She earned a B.S. from Nanjing University and a Ph.D. from Pennsylvania State University.
The unit commitment problem (UC) in electrical power production is a large family of mathematical optimization problems where the production of a set of electrical generators is coordinated in order to achieve some common target, usually either matching the energy demand at minimum cost or maximizing revenue from electricity production. This is necessary because it is difficult to store electrical energy on a scale comparable with normal consumption; hence, each (substantial) variation in the consumption must be matched by a corresponding variation of the production.
Transactive energy refers to the economic and control techniques used to manage the flow or exchange of energy within an existing electric power system in regards to economic and market based standard values of energy. It is a concept that is used in an effort to improve the efficiency and reliability of the power system, pointing towards a more intelligent and interactive future for the energy industry.
Claes Göran Andersson is a Swedish academic. He was a full Professor of Power Systems in the Department of Information Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich, Switzerland, in 2010–2016 and is now emeritus. He is a Fellow of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, and the Swiss Academy of Engineering Sciences. He was also elected as an International Member of the US National Academy of Engineering in 2016 for contributions to the development of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) technology and methods of power system voltage stability analysis.
Yusifbayli Nurali Adil Vice-Rector for Academic Affairs of the Azerbaijan Technical University
Gabriela Hug-Glanzmann is a Swiss electrical engineer and an associate professor and Principal Investigator of the Power Systems Laboratory at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich within the Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering. Hug studies the control and optimization of electrical power systems with a focus on sustainable energy.
Mini Shaji Thomas is the Former Director of National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli from 2016 - 2021. Thomas was the first female and 8th director of the Institute since it was founded in 1964. Currently she is the Dean of Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi
Lingling Fan is a power engineer who is currently a professor of electrical engineering at the University of South Florida. Fan specializing in the dynamics, system identification, and control theory of electrical grids and electric power conversion, and especially on the integration into these systems of inverter-based resources connected to variable renewable energy sources such as wind power and solar power.
Ross Baldick is an American professor emeritus of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Texas at Austin. He is an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) fellow of power and energy society. He is the chairman of the System Economics Sub-Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering and an associate editor of IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.
Ning Lu is an American-Chinese electrical engineer who is currently professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at North Carolina State University. Her research specializes in electric power systems, and in modeling, scheduling, and controlling the load profile in smart grids, including the demand response of grid friendly household appliances, energy storage, and the integration of renewable energy sources into the grid.
Sonja Glavaški is an electrical engineer. Initially focusing on nonlinear control and robust control, her interests have since shifted to include computational challenges in the control of electrical grids and their integration with building-scale energy systems. Educated in Serbia and the US, she works at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory as Chief Energy Digitalization Scientist and Principal Technology Strategy advisor for the Energy & Environment Directorate.
Min Dong is a Chinese-Canadian electrical engineer whose research involves signal processing, including resource balancing in cloud computing and smart grids, and pilot symbol assisted wireless communications in which a special "pilot" symbol is periodically transmitted to recalibrate communications channels. She is a professor in the Department of Electrical, Computer and Software Engineering at Ontario Tech University.
Mariesa Louise Crow is an American retired electrical engineer and academic who was the Fred W. Finley Distinguished Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering Emeritus and the vice provost for research at the Missouri University of Science and Technology. Her research contributions include works on energy storage, microgrids, and their applications in renewable energy systems.
References
- 1 2 "Yonghong Chen", Researcher profiles, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, retrieved 2024-09-19
- 1 2 3 4 Department Seminar Speaker Bio, Iowa State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 29 April 2014, retrieved 2024-09-19
- ↑ Venkatasubramanian, Mani V., Graduate students supervised, Washington State University, retrieved 2024-09-19
- ↑ John, Leo (2 December 2002), "GridSouth costs Progress $25M", Triangle Business Journal, retrieved 2024-09-19
- ↑ "Yonghong Chen", Recognizing Excellence: Award Recipients, INFORMS, retrieved 2024-09-19
- ↑ IEEE Fellows directory, IEEE, retrieved 2024-09-19