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Quantum optics is a branch of atomic, molecular, and optical physics dealing with how individual quanta of light, known as photons, interact with atoms and molecules. It includes the study of the particle-like properties of photons. Photons have been used to test many of the counter-intuitive predictions of quantum mechanics, such as entanglement and teleportation, and are a useful resource for quantum information processing.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a coherent optical nonlinearity which renders a medium transparent within a narrow spectral range around an absorption line. Extreme dispersion is also created within this transparency "window" which leads to "slow light", described below. It is in essence a quantum interference effect that permits the propagation of light through an otherwise opaque atomic medium.
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Slow light is the propagation of an optical pulse or other modulation of an optical carrier at a very low group velocity. Slow light occurs when a propagating pulse is substantially slowed by the interaction with the medium in which the propagation takes place.
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Howard John Carmichael is a British-born New Zealand theoretical physicist specialising in quantum optics and the theory of open quantum systems. He is the Dan Walls Professor of Physics at the University of Auckland and a principal investigator of the Dodd-Walls Centre. Carmichael has played a role in the development of the field of quantum optics and is particularly known for his Quantum Trajectory Theory (QTT) which offers a more detailed view of quantum behaviour by making predictions of single events happening to individual quantum systems. Carmichael works with experimental groups around the world to apply QTT to experiments on single quantum systems, including those contributing to the development of quantum computers. He is a Fellow of Optical Society of America, the American Physical Society and the Royal Society of New Zealand. He was awarded the Max Born Award in 2003, the Humboldt Research Award in 1997 and the Dan Walls Medal of the New Zealand Institute of Physics in 2017. In 2015, he was recognised as an Outstanding Referee by the American Physical Society.
In quantum computing, quantum memory is the quantum-mechanical version of ordinary computer memory. Whereas ordinary memory stores information as binary states, quantum memory stores a quantum state for later retrieval. These states hold useful computational information known as qubits. Unlike the classical memory of everyday computers, the states stored in quantum memory can be in a quantum superposition, giving much more practical flexibility in quantum algorithms than classical information storage.
Harald Schwefel is a German-born physicist currently based in New Zealand. He is an associate professor in the Department of Physics at the University of Otago and a principal investigator in the Dodd-Walls Centre. His research focuses on the interaction of light and matter in dielectric materials, and his speciality is whispering gallery mode resonators (WGMRs), small disks of dielectric which confine and store laser light to facilitate nonlinear interactions. He uses these to generate optical frequency combs and to coherently convert between microwave and optical photons.
Ana Asenjo-Garcia is a Spanish quantum scientist who is a Professor of Physics at Columbia University. Her research considers quantum optics and many body physics. She is part of a United States Department of Energy program focused on the creation of programmable quantum materials.
References
- ↑ Doctoral Thesis
- ↑ "Quantum Information Processing Technologies < Technology Services | Raytheon BBN Technologies".
- ↑ Kelly, William R.; Dutton, Zachary; Schlafer, John; Mookerji, Bhaskar; Ohki, Thomas A.; Kline, Jeffrey S.; Pappas, David P. (2010). "Direct Observation of Coherent Population Trapping Superconducting Artificial Atom preview & related info". Physical Review Letters. 104 (16): 163601. arXiv: 0912.3291 . doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.163601. PMID 20482047. S2CID 21785904.
- ↑ "Nanotechnology Now - Press Release: "Raytheon BBN Technologies Achieves Quantum Information Breakthrough"".
- ↑ "Coherent Population".
- ↑ "Schrodinger's Contracts: US Explores Quantum Computing".
- ↑ "Professional Activities and Awards".
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