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Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar, is an island country comprising the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands. Lying off the southeastern coast of Africa, it is the world's fourth largest island, the second-largest island country and the 44th largest country in the world. Its capital and largest city is Antananarivo.
The Madagascar Armed Forces is the national military of Madagascar. The IISS detailed the armed forces in 2012 as including an Army of 12,500+, a Navy of 500, and a 500-strong Air Force.
Antananarivo, also known by its colonial shorthand form Tana, is the capital and largest city of Madagascar. The administrative area of the city, known as Antananarivo-Renivohitra, is the capital of Analamanga region. The city sits at 1,280 m (4,199 ft) above sea level in the center of the island, the highest national capital by elevation among the island countries. It has been the country's largest population center since at least the 18th century. The presidency, National Assembly, Senate and Supreme Court are located there, as are 21 diplomatic missions and the headquarters of many national and international businesses and NGOs. It has more universities, nightclubs, art venues, and medical services than any city on the island. Several national and local sports teams, including the championship-winning national rugby team, the Makis, are based here.
Jacques Hugues Sylla was a Malagasy politician. He was the Prime Minister of Madagascar under President Marc Ravalomanana from February 2002 to January 2007. He subsequently served as the President of the National Assembly of Madagascar from October 2007 to March 2009.
The Malagasy Uprising was a Malagasy nationalist rebellion against French colonial rule in Madagascar, lasting from March 1947 to February 1949. Starting in late 1945, Madagascar's first French National Assembly deputies, Joseph Raseta, Joseph Ravoahangy and Jacques Rabemananjara of the Mouvement démocratique de la rénovation malgache (MDRM) political party, led an effort to achieve independence for Madagascar through legal channels. The failure of this initiative and the harsh response it drew from the Socialist Ramadier administration radicalized elements of the Malagasy population, including leaders of several militant nationalist secret societies.
The law enforcement agencies of Madagascar include:
The Democratic Republic of Madagascar was a socialist state that existed on the island of Madagascar from 1975 to 1992.
Philibert Tsiranana was a Malagasy politician and leader who served as the seventh Prime Minister of Madagascar from 1958 to 1959, and then later the first President of Madagascar from 1959 to 1972.
General Bary Jacobson Hoyme Ratsimbazafy was a Malagasy politician. A member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as an independent in the 2007 Malagasy parliamentary elections. He represented the constituency of Manandriana.
Mampihao is a Malagasy politician. A member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as a member of the Tiako I Madagasikara party in the 2007 Malagasy parliamentary elections. He represents the constituency of Betroka.
Louis Bernard Rakotomanga is a Malagasy politician & TV presenter. A member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as a member of the Tiako I Madagasikara party in the 2007 Malagasy parliamentary elections. He represents the fourth constituency of Antananarivo.
Andrianantoandro Raharinaivo is a Malagasy politician. A member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as a member of the Tiako I Madagasikara party in the 2007 Malagasy parliamentary elections; he represents the constituency of Ambohidratrimo.
Francis Tamisy Raharison is a Malagasy politician. A former member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as a deputy of the Tiako I Madagasikara party in the 2002 Malagasy parliamentary elections and in 2007. He represents the constituency of Anosibe An'ala.
Mamisoa Rakotomandimbindraibe is a Malagasy politician. She was a member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as a member of the Tiako I Madagasikara party the 2002 and 2007 Malagasy parliamentary elections. She represents the constituency of Ambatolampy.
Jean de la Croix Ramambason is a Malagasy politician. A member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as a member of the Tiako I Madagasikara party; he represents the sixth constituency of Antananarivo.
Flore Meltine Ramarozatovo is a Malagasy politician. A member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, she was elected as a member of the Tiako I Madagasikara party in the 2007 Malagasy parliamentary election. She represented the constituency of Soavinandriana.
Guy Francis Randrianjafy is a Malagasy politician. A member of the National Assembly of Madagascar, he was elected as a member of the Tiako I Madagasikara party; he represents the constituency of Mitsinjo.
The Democratic Movement for Malagasy Rejuvenation was the first political party formed in Madagascar, following the Brazzaville Conference of 1944 during which General Charles de Gaulle announced all colonies were to become French overseas territories entitled to representation in the French National Assembly.
The Parti des déshérités de Madagascar was a political party active in Madagascar from June 1946 into the First Republic (1960–1972). It was formed in reaction to the establishment and rapid political success of the Mouvement démocratique de la rénovation malgache (MDRM) political party, formed by Merina elites on a platform of independence from France. While nationalism - and therefore the MDRM - had widespread support from all ethnic communities, PADESM championed the empowerment and equitable government of coastal peoples, who had historically been subjugated by the Merina and feared the MDRM could ensure their return to political dominance upon independence. They actively recruited and campaigned along ethnic lines, initially including coastal peoples and the descendants of Merina slaves, but eventually excluding the latter entirely. The formation and political success of PADESM was actively fostered by the French colonial administration, which manipulated election results in favor of the coastal party.
Lucien Xavier Michel-Andrianarahinjaka was a Malagasy writer, poet, and politician. He was born in Fianarantsoa, and studied at the University of Bordeaux 3 and Paris-Sorbonne University. In 1977, he was elected to the National Assembly of Madagascar, and was also elected its president. He won reelection in 1983 and 1989, and was reelected president each year until 1991, when the National Assembly was dissolved. In addition to his political career, he was a writer and poet, best known for his work involved the oral tradition of several Malagasy ethnic groups.
References
- ↑ Group, Taylor & Francis (2004). The Europa World Year: Kazakhstan - Zimbabwe. Taylor & Francis. pp. 2735–. ISBN 9781857432558 . Retrieved 8 March 2016.
- ↑ Zafilaza,ministre de la population, de la protection sociale et des loisirs
