Zammis Clark

Last updated

Zammis Clark
Zammis Clark 2022.png
Clark in 2022
Born1994 (age 30–31)
United Kingdom
Other names
  • wack0
  • Slipstream
  • Raylee
Known forSuspected of various data leaks

Zammis Clark (born 1994), [1] also known as wack0, Slipstream or Raylee, [2] is a British computer security specialist and former employee of Malwarebytes. Clark is suspected to have hacked numerous large entities, including VTech, Nintendo, Microsoft, [3] and North Korea, leaking Version 3.0 of its Red Star Operating System.

Contents

In 2019, Clark pleaded guilty to charges relating to hacking and data breaches, but did not receive a custodial sentence due to mental health issues, instead receiving a suspended sentence lasting 15 months for infiltrating Microsoft and Nintendo's servers between March and May 2018. [4] [5]

Hacking career

North Korea OS

In January 2015, Clark publicized the Red Star Operating System, which was the operating system of North Korea, one of the most secretive countries in the world. In 2013, the first images of the OS were publicized by former Google employee Will Scott, but Clark was the first to release the system in full. [6] Research on the OS revealed it was designed to suppress all information available to users, instead opting for a state-sponsored system with only selectively available websites. [7]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "GRO Index Birth Record for Zammis Clark". FreeBMD . Archived from the original on April 30, 2024. Retrieved September 4, 2025.
  2. ↑ Kirk, Jeremy (May 4, 2020). "Nintendo Source Code for N64, Wii and GameCube Leaked". www.bankinfosecurity.com. Retrieved September 4, 2025.
  3. ↑ Bankhurst, Adam (March 29, 2019). "Security Researcher Arrested for Hacking Into Microsoft and Nintendo". IGN. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  4. ↑ Kirk, Tristan (March 29, 2019). Autistic man, 24, spared jail for Nintendo cyber attacks after court is told 'he can't help himself', The Standard. Archived from the original on December 4, 2020. Retrieved April 30, 2024.
  5. ↑ Kan, Michael (May 5, 2020). "Report: Source Code for Older Nintendo Gaming Systems Leaks Online", PC Magazine . Archived from the original on May 6, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2024.
  6. ↑ Staff, Nextgov/FCW (January 7, 2015). "Kim Jong-un's Operating System Now Available in the Free World". Nextgov.com. Retrieved October 12, 2025.
  7. ↑ Hernandez, Alex (December 29, 2015). "Red Star OS Is North Korea's Official Operating System" . Retrieved October 12, 2025.


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