1870 in paleontology

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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils . [1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks ( ichnites ), burrows , cast-off parts, fossilised feces ( coprolites ), palynomorphs and chemical residues . Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science . This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1870.

Contents

Arthropods

Newly named insects

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeUnitLocationNotesImages

Bibio lartetii [2]

Sp. nov

jr synonym

Oustalet, 1870

Oligocene

Flag of France.svg  France

A bibionid,
moved to Plecia larteti in 2017

Plecia larteti Plecia larteti holotype MNHN.F.R06667 direct lighting.jpg
Plecia larteti

Protomyia lugens [2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Oustalet, 1870

Oligocene

Flag of France.svg  France

A bibionid,
moved to Penthetria lugens in 2017

Penthetria lugens Penthetria lugens holotype MNHN direct lighting.jpg
Penthetria lugens

"Fish"

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeUnitLocationNotesImages

Asineops' [3]

Gen et Sp nov

valid

Cope

Eocene
Ypresian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  US
Flag of Wyoming.svg  Wyoming

A fish of possibly Percopsiformes affiliation.
The type species is A. squamifrons

Asineops squamifrons Asineops squamifrons, Sweetwater County, Wyoming - Natural History Museum of Utah - DSC07155.JPG
Asineops squamifrons

Cyprinodon levatus [3]

Sp nov

Jr synonym

Cope

Eocene
Ypresian

Green River Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  US
Flag of Wyoming.svg  Wyoming

A percopsid fish
Moved to Erismatopterus levatus in 1871

Erismatopterus levatus Erismatopterus levatus University of Michigan v2.jpg
Erismatopterus levatus

Turtles

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeUnitLocationNotesImages

Pneumatoarthrus [4]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Cope

Cretaceous
Maastrichtian

Mount Laurel Formation

Flag of the United States.svg  US
Flag of New Jersey.svg  New Jersey

First identified as a possible basal sauropod.
Reidentified as a protostegid marine turtle.
The type species is P. peloreus

Pneumatoarthrus Pneumatoarthrus vertebrae.jpg
Pneumatoarthrus

Archosauromorphs

Newly named birds

NameStatusAuthorsLocationNotes

Laornis

Misidentification.

Marsh

Flag of the United States.svg  USA
Flag of New Jersey.svg  New Jersey

Misidentified bird.
The type species is L. edvardsianus

Newly named non-avian dinosaurs

NameStatusAuthorsLocationNotesImages

Antrodemus

Nomen dubium

Joseph Leidy

Possible subjective synonym of Allosaurus .

Ornithopsis

Nomen dubium

Harry Govier Seeley

Earlier it was believed that the fossils were those of a pterosaur. But now it is known that they were the bones of a Sauropod.

Struthiosaurus

Valid

Bunzel

A dwarf ankylosaur.

Plesiosaurs

New taxa

NameStatusAuthorsLocationNotes

Taphrosaurus

Valid

Cope

Uronautes

Valid

Cope

Pterosaurs

New taxa

NameStatusAuthorsLocationNotesImages

Amblydectes

Jr. synonym.

Seeley

Junior synonym of Coloborhynchus .

Cycnorhamphus

Valid

Seeley

Flag of Germany.svg  Germany
Cycnorhamphus Cycnorhamphus suevicus.jpg
Cycnorhamphus

Rhabdopelix

Misidentification

Cope

At first it was thought to be a Triassic pterosaur, but is now known to be (at least in part) a kuehneosaurid

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

NameStatusAuthorsAgeLocationNotesImages

Lystrosaurus

Valid

Cope

252 million years ago.It was a protomammal that had fangs very similar to those of a walrus.
Lystrosaurus Lystr georg1DB.jpg
Lystrosaurus

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Green River Formation</span> Geologic formation in the United States

The Green River Formation is an Eocene geologic formation that records the sedimentation in a group of intermountain lakes in three basins along the present-day Green River in Colorado, Wyoming, and Utah. The sediments are deposited in very fine layers, a dark layer during the growing season and a light-hue inorganic layer in the dry season. Each pair of layers is called a varve and represents one year. The sediments of the Green River Formation present a continuous record of six million years. The mean thickness of a varve here is 0.18 mm, with a minimum thickness of 0.014 mm and maximum of 9.8 mm.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles W. Gilmore</span> American paleontologist

Charles Whitney Gilmore was an American paleontologist who gained renown in the early 20th century for his work on vertebrate fossils during his career at the United States National Museum. Gilmore named many dinosaurs in North America and Mongolia, including the Cretaceous sauropod Alamosaurus, Alectrosaurus, Archaeornithomimus, Bactrosaurus, Brachyceratops, Chirostenotes, Mongolosaurus, Parrosaurus, Pinacosaurus, Styracosaurus ovatus and Thescelosaurus.

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1992.

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1907.

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1909.

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1913.

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1914.

<i>Vulpavus</i> Extinct genus of carnivores

Vulpavus is an extinct paraphyletic genus of placental mammals from clade Carnivoraformes, that lived in North America from the early to middle Eocene.

<i>Tritemnodon</i>

Tritemnodon was an extinct genus of placental mammals from extinct order Hyaenodonta, that lived in North America during the early Eocene. Fossils of Tritemnodon agilis have been found in Utah and Wyoming. It was the size of a wolf.

Caririemys is an extinct genus of side-necked turtles, belonging to the Pelomedusoides of the family Euraxemydidae. The type species is C. violetae. A single fossil of an individual was found in the Santana Formation in Brazil, an 80-million-year-old Late Cretaceous deposit that has so far preserved other fossil reptiles such as dinosaurs and crocodilians.

<i>"Crocodylus" affinis</i> Species of reptile (fossil)

"Crocodylus" affinis is an extinct species of crocodyloid from the Eocene of Wyoming. Fossils were first described from the Bridger Formation by American paleontologist Othniel Charles Marsh in 1871. Marsh described the species, along with every other species of crocodyloid in the Bridger Formation, under the genus Crocodylus. The known specimen of "Crocodylus" affinis is a skull found at Grizzly Buttes, Wyoming, measuring 13 inches in length on the upper surface. Recent phylogenetic studies of crocodyloids show that "C." affinis is not a species of Crocodylus, but a genus has not yet been erected to include the species. Other Bridger species such as Crocodylus clavis and Brachyuranochampsa zangerli have been synonymized with "C." affinis.

<i>Saniwa</i> Extinct genus of lizards

Saniwa is an extinct genus of varanid lizard that lived during the Eocene epoch. It is known from well-preserved fossils found in the Bridger and Green River Formations of Wyoming, United States. The type species S. ensidens was described in 1870 as the first fossil lizard known from North America. A second species, S.orsmaelensis, is recognised from remains found in Europe. It is a close relative of Varanus, the genus that includes monitor lizards.

Bahndwivici is an extinct genus of lizard known from a nearly complete and articulated skeleton discovered in rocks of the Green River Formation of Wyoming, United States. The skeleton is very similar to that of the modern Chinese crocodile lizard, Shinisaurus.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wasatch Formation</span> Geologic formation in the western United States

The Wasatch Formation (Tw) is an extensive highly fossiliferous geologic formation stretching across several basins in Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Utah and western Colorado. It preserves fossils dating back to the Early Eocene period. The formation defines the Wasatchian or Lostcabinian, a period of time used within the NALMA classification, but the formation ranges in age from the Clarkforkian to Bridgerian.

The Washakie Formation is a geologic formation in northern Colorado and southern Wyoming. It preserves many mammal, bird, reptile and other fossils dating back to the Lutetian stage of the Eocene within the Paleogene period. The sediments fall in the Bridgerian and Uintan stages of the NALMA classification.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bridger Formation</span>

The Bridger Formation is a geologic formation in southwestern Wyoming. It preserves fossils dating back to the Bridgerian and Uintan stages of the Paleogene Period. The formation was named by American geologist Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden for Fort Bridger, which had itself been named for mountain man Jim Bridger. The Bridger Wilderness covers much of the Bridger Formation's area.

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1849.

<i>Viverravus</i> Extinct genus of mammals

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References

  1. Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN   9780070887398. OCLC   46769716.
  2. 1 2 Skartveit, J.; Nel, A. (2017). "Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from French Oligocene deposits". Zootaxa. 4225 (1): 1–83. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4225.1.1. PMID   28187637.
  3. 1 2 Grande, L. (1984). "Paleontology of the Green River Formation, with a review of the fish fauna". Bulletin of the Wyoming State Geological Survey. 63 2nd ed. Laramie, Wyoming.
  4. Cope, 1870. Observations on the Reptilia of the Triassic formations of the Atlantic region of the United States. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 11, 444-446.