Agriolimacidae

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Agriolimacidae
Temporal range: Pleistocene–Recent [1]
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Slak kleine naaktslak.jpg
The largest slug in the image is an individual of Deroceras reticulatum
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Stylommatophora
Superfamily: Limacoidea
Family: Agriolimacidae
H. Wagner  [ hu ], 1935 [2]
Type genus
Agriolimax
Mörch, 1865
Diversity [3] [4]
6 genera, about 135 species (123 species in Deroceras + at least 12 other species)

Agriolimacidae is a family of small and medium-sized land slugs, or shell-less snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks.

Contents

Distribution

Distribution of Limacidae is Holarctic, [1] this include: Nearctic, western Palearctic and eastern Palearctic. [5]

Agriolimacidae is the largest slug family, some are introduced all over the world, synanthropes are often severe pests. [1]

This view of the right side of Deroceras praecox clearly shows the position of its pneumostome. Deroceras praecox.jpg
This view of the right side of Deroceras praecox clearly shows the position of its pneumostome.

Anatomy

Most slugs in the family Agriolimacidae are rather small; only a few (in the genera Mesolimax and Krynickillus ) are larger. Most are not more than 50 mm long. [1] The mantle is usually large, occupying approximately 1/3 of the entire body length, situated in the anterior part of the body. [1] The pneumostome is clearly postmedial. [1] The surface of the mantle in living slugs is covered in concentric, mobile wrinkles. [1] In addition sometimes there is a shallow, poorly defined groove which runs above the pneumostome on the right side, not passing to the left. [1]

The penis is short, usually bag-shaped, often with external appendages, inside with different stimulatory organs. [1] No tubular membrane encircles the penis and vas deferens. [1] The penis retractor muscle is situated beside the right tentacle. [1]

In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 26 and 30 (according to the values in this table). [6]

Taxonomy

The following two subfamilies have been recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):

Genera

Genera within the family Agriolimacidae include:

subfamily Agriolimacinae

subfamily Mesolimacinae

subfamily ?

Cladogram

A cladogram showing the phylogenic relationships of this family to other families within the limacoid clade: [5]

  limacoid clade  
  Staffordioidea  

Staffordiidae

  Dyakioidea  

Dyakiidae

  Gastrodontoidea  

Pristilomatidae

Chronidae

Euconulidae

Trochomorphidae

Gastrodontidae

Oxychilidae

  Parmacelloidea  

Trigonochlamydidae

Parmacellidae

Milacidae

  Zonitoidea  

Zonitidae

  Helicarionoidea  

Helicarionidae

Ariophantidae

Urocyclidae

  Limacoidea  

Vitrinidae

Boettgerillidae

Limacidae

Agriolimacidae

Related Research Articles

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<i>Deroceras panormitanum</i> Species of gastropod

Deroceras panormitanum is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Agriolimacidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trigonochlamydidae</span> Family of gastropods

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<i>Deroceras invadens</i> Species of gastropod

Deroceras invadens is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Agriolimacidae. Until 2011, this widely distributed species was known as Deroceras panormitanum, and earlier as Deroceras caruanae or Agriolimax caruanae, but Reise et al. (2011) showed that these names refer to a distinct species of similar external appearance known at that time only from Sicily and Malta. Consequently, although the more widespread species was already well known, it then had to be redescribed under the new name of D. invadens. Genetic evidence has indicated that D. invadens is native in southern Italy, including parts of Sicily, and possibly parts of central Italy. Elsewhere it has been introduced, predominantly within the last 100 years, but its spread has been constrained by cold winter temperatures.

<i>Krynickillus melanocephalus</i> Species of terrestrial slug

Krynickillus melanocephalus is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial gastropod mollusc in the family Agriolimacidae. It is an invasive species, spreading from regions around the Black Sea to Northern and Central Europe.

<i>Deroceras cecconii</i> Species of gastropod

Deroceras cecconii is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Agriolimacidae. Although it was long considered a synonym of Deroceras panormitanum, a 2020 article establishes that it is a distinct species widely distributed in the central part of the Italian peninsula. It is also known as an introduction at one site in eastern Germany.

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References

This article incorporates public domain text from the reference. [1]

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "Family summary for Agriolimacidae". AnimalBase, last change 23-05-2010, accessed 4 August 2010
  2. 1 2 Wagner, János (Hans) (1935). "Magyarország, Horvátország és Dalmácia hazátlan csigái. II. rész" [Die Nacktschnecken Ungarns, Croatiens und Dalmatiens. Teil II](PDF). Annales historico-naturales Musei nationalis hungarici. 29 (pars zoologica): 169–212.
  3. "Genera in family Agriolimacidae" [n = 6]. AnimalBase, accessed 10 September 2010.
  4. Wiktor, A. (2000). "Agriolimacidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) – a systematic monograph" (PDF). Annales Zoologici. 49 (4): 347–590.
  5. 1 2 Hausdorf, B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): vicariance events and long-distance dispersal". Journal of Biogeography. 27 (2): 379–390. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x. JSTOR   2656267.
  6. Barker G. M.: Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs . CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, ISBN   0-85199-318-4. 1–146, cited pages: 139 and 142.