Baboon syndrome

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Baboon syndrome
Specialty Dermatology

Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE), popularly known as baboon syndrome because of its resemblance to the distinctive red buttocks displayed by female baboons, is a systemic dermatitis characterized by well-demarcated patches of erythema distributed symmetrically on the buttocks. [1] The cause of the syndrome may be drug-related: i.e., induced by systemic administration of hydroxyzine, [2] penicillin, [3] iodinated radio contrast media, [4] and others.

Contents

Symptoms and signs

The typical rash commonly appears on buttocks. This then resembles the colour of a baboon's buttocks. Other areas like upper inner thigh and armpits, may be affected by the rash. The rashes are red and well-defined. The presentation is typically symmetrical and not associated with systemic symptoms. [5]

Cause

Diagnosis

Treatment

Treatment of symmetrical drug related intertriginous and flexural exanthema involves identifying and stopping the causative agent. Topical steroids can help to reduce the redness. [6]

Epidemiology

Baboon syndrome affects both sexes equally, and can occur at any age, but seems to be more common in childhood than in adulthood. [7]

See also

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References

  1. Rapini RP, Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN   978-1-4160-2999-1.
  2. Akkari H, Belhadjali H, Youssef M, Mokni S, Zili J (May 2013). "Baboon syndrome induced by hydroxyzine". Indian Journal of Dermatology. 58 (3): 244. doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.110871 . PMC   3667318 . PMID   23723506.
  3. Handisurya A, Stingl G, Wöhrl S (April 2009). "SDRIFE (baboon syndrome) induced by penicillin". Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 34 (3): 355–357. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.2008.02911.x. PMID   18699835. S2CID   205277115.
  4. Arnold AW, Hausermann P, Bach S, Bircher AJ (2007). "Recurrent flexural exanthema (SDRIFE or baboon syndrome) after administration of two different iodinated radio contrast media". Dermatology. 214 (1): 89–93. doi:10.1159/000096920. PMID   17191055. S2CID   32523752.
  5. Utaş S, Ferahbaş A (2009). "Baboon syndrome and segmental vitiligo coexistence". The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics. 51 (4): 392–394. PMID   19950853.
  6. Duffill M, Oakley A, Vos A, Nixon R, Mitchell G. "Symmetrical drug related intertriginous and flexural exanthema". DermNet NZ. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
  7. Moreno-Ramírez D, García-Bravo B, Pichardo AR, Rubio FP, Martínez FC (2004). "Baboon syndrome in childhood: easy to avoid, easy to diagnose, but the problem continues". Pediatric Dermatology. 21 (3): 250–253. doi:10.1111/j.0736-8046.2004.21313.x. PMID   15165206. S2CID   30607230.