Barclaya

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Barclaya
Barclaya longifolia in Thailand.jpg
Barclaya longifolia Wall.jpg
Barclaya longifolia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Order: Nymphaeales
Family: Nymphaeaceae
Genus: Barclaya
Wall.
Type species
Barclaya longifolia Wall. [1]
Synonyms [2]
  • HydrostemmaWall. ex Taylor & Phillips

Barclaya is a genus of six species of flowering plants of the family Nymphaeaceae. [2] Barclaya are aquatic plants native to tropical Asia. The genus was named in honour of the American-born English brewer and patron of science Robert Barclay. [3] [4]

Description

Plants grow from egg-shaped tubers that produce short runners and a basal rosette of leaves. All leaves are submerged. [3]

Taxonomy

Publication

The genus Barclaya Wall. was first published by Nathaniel Wallich in 1827. [2] Though Hydrostemma is a name that is older than the name Barclaya, having been published 6 months earlier, the name Barclaya has been "conserved" as it was deemed being much better known than Hydrostemma. [5]

Species

FlowerSpecies [2] Distribution
Barclaya longifolia in Thailand.jpg Barclaya longifolia Wall.Indochina
Barclaya motleyi Hook.f.Indonesia (Irian Jaya, Kalimantan, Sumatra), New Guinea (Idei 2010), Peninsular Malaysia
Barclaya panchorensis KomalaMalaya Peninsula [6]
Barclaya rotundifolia M.Hotta Sarawak, Johore, Malaysia [7]
Barclaya rugosa Sofiman Othman & N.JacobsenMalaya Peninsula [8]
Barclaya wellyi Wongso, Ipor & N.JacobsenSumatra [9]

Disputed species include:

They were resurrected in a recent revision of the genus, [1] but are not accepted by some other sources, such as Plants of the World Online of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [2]

Rejected classification

The separate family Barclayaceae H.L.Li was published in 1955. [10] It has been believed to be separate, due to the extended perianth tube (combined sepals and petals) arising from the top of the ovary and by stamens that are joined basally. However, morphological and genetic studies support the position of Barclaya in the family Nymphaeaceae. [11] A separate order Barclayales Doweld was proposed in 2001. [12] [13]

The accepted placement of Barclaya is within the family Nymphaeaceae of the order Nymphaeales. [14]

Cytology

The diploid chromosome count is 2n = 36. [1]

Habitat

Within tropical rainforests, Barclaya develops alongside streams or at their fringes. The escalating deforestation across Southeast Asia is causing the habitats to become clouded, endangering Barclaya. [15]

Conservation

The IUCN conservation status of Barclaya longifolia is least concern (LC). [16] The IUCN conservation status of Barclaya motleyi is data deficient (DD). [17]

Cultivation

Barclaya longifolia is a popular aquarium plant. [18] [5] [19] Under high light conditions the attractive, upright foliage displays green colouration. Under lower light conditions brownish foliage is produced. [20] It easily sets seed in cultivation, if pollen is deposited on the stigma. [21]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nymphaeales</span> Order of flowering plants

The Nymphaeales are an order of flowering plants, consisting of three families of aquatic plants, the Hydatellaceae, the Cabombaceae, and the Nymphaeaceae. It is one of the three orders of basal angiosperms, an early-diverging grade of flowering plants. At least 10 morphological characters unite the Nymphaeales. One of the traits is the absence of a vascular cambium, which is required to produce both xylem (wood) and phloem, which therefore are missing. Molecular synapomorphies are also known.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nymphaeaceae</span> Family of plants

Nymphaeaceae is a family of flowering plants, commonly called water lilies. They live as rhizomatous aquatic herbs in temperate and tropical climates around the world. The family contains five genera with about 70 known species. Water lilies are rooted in soil in bodies of water, with leaves and flowers floating on or emergent from the surface. Leaves are round, with a radial notch in Nymphaea and Nuphar, but fully circular in Victoria and Euryale.

<i>Ceratophyllum</i> Genus of plants

Ceratophyllum is a cosmopolitan genus of flowering plants including four accepted living species in 2016, commonly found in ponds, marshes, and quiet streams in tropical and in temperate regions. It is the only extant genus in the family Ceratophyllaceae, itself the only extant family in the order Ceratophyllales. They are usually called coontails or hornworts, although hornwort is also used for unrelated plants of the division Anthocerotophyta.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ceratophyllaceae</span> Family of aquatic plants

Ceratophyllaceae is a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants including one living genus commonly found in ponds, marshes, and quiet streams in tropical and in temperate regions. It is the only extant family in the order Ceratophyllales. Species are commonly called coontails or hornworts, although hornwort is also used for unrelated plants of the division Anthocerotophyta.

<i>Victoria cruziana</i> Species of aquatic plant

Victoria cruziana is a tropical species of flowering plant, of the Nymphaeaceae family of water lilies native to South America, primarily Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina and Paraguay.

<i>Nuphar</i> Genus of aquatic plants

Nuphar is a genus of aquatic plants in the family Nymphaeaceae, with a temperate to subarctic Northern Hemisphere distribution. Common names include water-lily, pond-lily, alligator-bonnet or bonnet lily, and spatterdock.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cabombaceae</span> Family of flowering plants

The Cabombaceae are a family of aquatic, herbaceous flowering plants. A common name for its species is water shield. The family is recognised as distinct in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group IV system (2016). The family consists of two genera of aquatic plants, Brasenia and Cabomba, totalling six species.

<i>Nuphar lutea</i> Species of flowering plant

Nuphar lutea, the yellow water-lily, brandy-bottle, or spadderdock, is an aquatic plant of the family Nymphaeaceae, native to northern temperate and some subtropical regions of Europe, northwest Africa, and western Asia. This species was used as a food source and in medicinal practices from prehistoric times with potential research and medical applications going forward.

<i>Callopsis</i> Genus of flowering plants

Callopsis is a monotypic genus from the plant family Araceae and has only one species, Callopsis volkensii. This plant forms a creeping rhizome and has cordate-ovate leaves that are medium green and glabrous. The inflorescence is typical of the family Araceae, with a white spathe and yellow spadix. The spadix is shorter than the spathe and its male and female flowers are separated shortly.

<i>Nymphaea thermarum</i> Species of water lily

Nymphaea thermarum is a species of water lily that is endemic to Rwanda. Once thought to be extinct in the wild, all wild plants were believed to be lost due to destruction of its native habitat, but it was thought to be saved from extinction when it was grown from seed at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in 2009. A previously-unknown wild population was discovered in 2023.

<i>Limeum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Limeum is a genus of flowering plants. It includes 25 species.

<i>Fusaea longifolia</i> Species of plant

Fusaea longifolia is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela. Jean Baptiste Christophore Fusée Aublet, the French botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Annona longifolia, named it after its long-leaved foliage.

<i>Barclaya longifolia</i> Species of perennial aquatic plant

Barclaya longifolia is a species of perennial aquatic plant native to the region of Indo-China to Northwest Peninsular Malaysia.

Barclaya motleyi is a species of perennial aquatic plant native to the region spanning from Thailand to Western Malesia, and New Guinea.

<i>Barclaya panchorensis</i> Species of perennial aquatic plant

Barclaya panchorensis is a species of perennial aquatic plant endemic to Peninsular Malaysia.

Barclaya rotundifolia is a species of perennial aquatic plant native peninsular Malaysia, and Borneo.

<i>Barclaya rugosa</i> Species of perennial aquatic plant

Barclaya rugosa is a species of perennial aquatic plant endemic to peninsular Malaysia.

<i>Barclaya wellyi</i> Species of perennial aquatic plant

Barclaya wellyi is a species of perennial aquatic plant native to Sumatra, Indonesia.

<i>Barclaya hirta</i> Species of perennial aquatic plant

Barclaya hirta is a species of aquatic plant native to Sumatra, Indonesia. It is disputed. By some, it is treated as synonym of Barclaya motleyi, but by others it is regarded as a separate species.

Barclaya kunstleri is a species of aquatic plant native to Peninsular Malaysia, and Singapore. It is disputed. By some, it is treated as synonym of Barclaya motleyi, but by others it is regarded as a separate species.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Jacobsen, Niels; Ganapathy, Herman; Ipor, Isa; et al. (2022). "A reassessment of the genus Barclaya (Nymphaeaceae) including three new species". Nordic Journal of Botany. 2022 (5). doi:10.1111/njb.03392. ISSN   0107-055X.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Barclaya Wall". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  3. 1 2 Slocum, Perry D. (2005). Waterlilies and Lotuses: Species, Cultivars and New Hybrids. Timber Press. ISBN   978-0-88192-684-2. Archived from the original on 2008-05-08. Retrieved 2008-12-30.
  4. ↑ Wallich, Nathaniel (1827). "Description of a new genus of plants belonging to the order Nymphaeaceae". Transactions of the Linnean Society of London . 15: 442–448, Tab. 18. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1826.tb00125.x.
  5. 1 2 Crusio, W. E.; J. Bogner (1984). "Proposal to conserve 2515 Barclaya against Hydrostemma (Nymphaeaceae)". Taxon . 33 (3): 517–519. doi:10.2307/1221000. JSTOR   1221000.
  6. ↑ "Barclaya panchorensis Komala". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  7. ↑ Jacobsen, Niels; Ipor, Isa B.; Bogner, Josef (2007). "Über die Kultur von Barclaya-Arten (Nymphaeaceae)". Aqua Planta . 32: 86–93.
  8. ↑ "Barclaya rugosa Sofiman Othman & N.Jacobsen". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  9. ↑ "Barclaya wellyi Wongso, Ipor & N.Jacobsen". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  10. ↑ "Barclayaceae H. L. Li". Global Biodiversity Information Facility . Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  11. ↑ Schneider, E. L. (1978). "Studies of the Nymphaeaceae. IX. The Seed of Barclaya longifolia Wall". Botanical Gazette . 139 (2): 223–230. doi:10.1086/336993. JSTOR   2473739. S2CID   85279142.
  12. ↑ "Family Barclayaceae - Hierarchy". The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  13. ↑ Reveal, J. L.; Chase, M. W. (18 February 2011). "APG III: Bibliographical Information and Synonymy of Magnoliidae". Phytotaxa. 19 (1): 71–134. doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.4 .
  14. ↑ Borsch, Thomas; Löhne, Cornelia; Wiersema, John (2008). "Phylogeny and evolutionary patterns in Nymphaeales: integrating genes, genomes and morphology". Taxon. 57 (4): 1052. doi:10.1002/tax.574004. ISSN   0040-0262.
  15. ↑ Endress, P.K.; Friis, E.M. (2012). Early Evolution of Flowers. Plant Systematics and Evolution - Supplementa. Springer Vienna. ISBN   978-3-7091-6910-0.
  16. ↑ Juffe Bignoli, D. (2011). "Barclaya longifolia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2011: e.T194024A8877322. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T194024A8877322.en . Retrieved 4 January 2024.
  17. ↑ Allen, D.J. (2011). "Barclaya motleyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2011: e.T194023A8877027. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T194023A8877027.en . Retrieved 4 January 2024.
  18. ↑ Les, D. H. (2001). "Nymphaeales". Encyclopedia of Life Sciences.
  19. ↑ Bailey, Mary; Burgess, Peter (1999). Tropical Fishlopaedia: A Complete Guide to Fish Care. Ringpress. ISBN   978-1-86054-102-5.
  20. ↑ Alderton, David (2019-02-07). Encyclopedia of Aquarium and Pond Fish. Dorling Kindersley Limited. ISBN   978-0-241-44442-9.
  21. ↑ Miller, Philip (1835). The gardeners dictionary.
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