Caisteal Maol

Last updated

Caisteal Maol
Native name
Scottish Gaelic: Caisteal
Castle Moil, Castle Maol, Dun Akyn, Dunakin Castle, Dun Haakon, Castle Dunakin
Scotland Skye Caisteal Maol.jpg
Caisteal Maol ruin
TypeCastle
LocationKyleakin, Isle of Skye, Scotland
Coordinates 57°16′19″N5°43′15″W / 57.27194°N 5.72083°W / 57.27194; -5.72083 Coordinates: 57°16′19″N5°43′15″W / 57.27194°N 5.72083°W / 57.27194; -5.72083
Founded15th century (present structure)
Original useFortress
Current useRuins
Architectural style(s)Rectangular keep
Governing bodySkye & Lochalsh District Council's Museums Service
Listed Building – Category A

Caisteal Maol (Gaelic: Caisteal, 'Castle', Maol, 'bare') is a ruined castle located near the harbour of the village of Kyleakin, Isle of Skye, Scotland. It is also known as Castle Moil, Castle Maol, Dun Akyn, Dunakin Castle [1] Dun Haakon and Castle Dunakin. [2]

Contents

Recreation of the 16th century exterior Caisteal-maol-dunakin-recreation.jpg
Recreation of the 16th century exterior

History

The castle, an ancient seat of the Mackinnon clan, was a fortress commanding the strait of Kyle Akin between Skye and the mainland, through which all ships had to pass or else attempt the stormy passage of The Minch. The present building dates back to the 15th century, but is traditionally reputed to be of much earlier origin.

According to that tradition, Alpín mac Echdach's great-grandson Findanus, the 4th MacKinnon chief, brought Dunakin into the clan around the year 900 by marrying a Norse princess nicknamed 'Saucy Mary'. Findanus and his bride ran a heavy chain across the sound and levied a toll on all shipping vessels. [3] The Princess lies buried on Beinn na Caillich on Skye, her face reputedly turned towards Norway.

Whatever the veracity of the castle's traditional history, there is good reason for supposing the existence of a connection of some kind with Norway. King Haakon IV is thought to have assembled his fleet of longships there before the Battle of Largs in 1263 (hence the name Kyleakin – Haakon's kyle). Haakon's defeat at Largs effectively ended Norse domination of the Scottish islands. [4] Medieval and early modern documents also refer to the castle itself as Dunakin (Dun-Haakon), which is again strongly suggestive of a Norse connection.

Interior view of the large window on the first level - the thickness of the walls is apparent Dunakin Castle window.jpg
Interior view of the large window on the first level – the thickness of the walls is apparent

The present structure is of late 15th or early 16th century construction. This is supported by historical documents and carbon dating. In 1513, a meeting of chiefs was held here and they agreed to support Donald MacDonald as Lord of the Isles. The last occupant of the castle was Neill MacKinnon, nephew of the 26th chief of the clan (c. 1601). [5]

Description

The castle occupies a headland above the village of Kyleakin facing the village of Kyle of Lochalsh across the strait. It is a simple rectangular keep of three stories. The unexplored basement level is filled with rubble and other debris and is believed to have contained the kitchen. The visitor today enters on the main level where the public dining space would have been. Stairs would have led up to the private apartments above. [5]

The castle is almost completely ruined. In 1949 and 1989 parts of the ruins broke away in storms. The remaining ruins have been secured to prevent further deterioration. [6] No excavation of the ruins has been carried out, nor are planned. On 14 February 2018, a lightning strike destroyed part of the ruins; [7] they have subsequently been stabilised. [8]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Inner Hebrides</span> Archipelago off the west coast of mainland Scotland

The Inner Hebrides is an archipelago off the west coast of mainland Scotland, to the south east of the Outer Hebrides. Together these two island chains form the Hebrides, which experience a mild oceanic climate. The Inner Hebrides comprise 35 inhabited islands as well as 44 uninhabited islands with an area greater than 30 hectares. Skye, Mull, and Islay are the three largest, and also have the highest populations. The main commercial activities are tourism, crofting, fishing and whisky distilling. In modern times the Inner Hebrides have formed part of two separate local government jurisdictions, one to the north and the other to the south. Together, the islands have an area of about 4,130 km2 (1,594 sq mi), and had a population of 18,948 in 2011. The population density is therefore about 4.6 inhabitants per square kilometre.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clan MacLeod</span> Scottish clan

Clan MacLeod is a Highland Scottish clan associated with the Isle of Skye. There are two main branches of the clan: the MacLeods of Harris and Dunvegan, whose chief is MacLeod of MacLeod, are known in Gaelic as Sìol Tormoid ; the Clan MacLeod of Lewis and Raasay, whose chief is MacLeod of The Lewes, are known in Gaelic as Sìol Torcaill. Both branches claim descent from Leòd, who lived in the 13th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dunvegan Castle</span> Scottish castle

Dunvegan Castle is located 1 mile (1.6 km) to the north of Dunvegan on the Isle of Skye, off the west coast of Scotland. It is the seat of the MacLeod of MacLeod, chief of the Clan MacLeod. Probably a fortified site from the earliest times, the castle was first built in the 13th century and developed piecemeal over the centuries. In the 19th century the whole castle was remodelled in a mock-medieval style. The castle is built on an elevated rock overlooking an inlet on the eastern shore of Loch Dunvegan, a sea loch.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kyle of Lochalsh</span> Human settlement in Scotland

Kyle of Lochalsh is a village in the historic county of Ross-shire on the northwest coast of Scotland, located around 55 miles (90 km) west-southwest of Inverness. It is located on the Lochalsh peninsula, at the entrance to Loch Alsh, opposite the village of Kyleakin on the Isle of Skye. A ferry used to connect the two villages until it was replaced by the Skye Bridge, about a mile (2 km) to the west, in 1995.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clan Donald</span> Scottish clan

Clan Donald, also known as Clan MacDonald, is a Highland Scottish clan and one of the largest Scottish clans. The Lord Lyon King of Arms, the Scottish official with responsibility for regulating heraldry in that country, issuing new grants of coats of arms, and serving as the judge of the Court of the Lord Lyon, recognises under Scottish law the High Chief of Clan Donald. Historically the chiefs of the Clan Donald held the title of Lord of the Isles until 1493 and two of those chiefs also held the title of Earl of Ross until 1476.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clan Nicolson</span> Lowland Scottish clan

Clan Nicolson is a Lowland Scottish clan. The clan claims descent from an Edinburgh lawyer who lived in the 16th century and from a distinguished line of Aberdeen merchants who preceded him. During the mid-1980s David Nicolson, 4th Baron Carnock was recognised by the Lord Lyon King of Arms as the chief of Clan Nicolson. Around the same time, a Nicolson who claimed descent from the Highland clan of "Nicolsons" historically centred on Skye, petitioned the Lord Lyon King of Arms to be recognised as chief of his own clan. The Lord Lyon King of Arms accepted this man's petition on the condition he took the surname MacNeacail. In consequence there are two Scottish clans with similar names—the lowland Clan Nicolson and the highland Clan MacNeacail.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clan MacNeacail</span>

Clan MacNeacail, sometimes known as Clan MacNicol, is a Scottish clan long associated with the Isle of Skye. Tradition states that, early in its history, the clan held the Isle of Lewis, as well as extensive territory on the north-western mainland. The earliest member of the clan on record is one 14th century John "mak Nakyl", who is recorded amongst Edward I of England's powerful West Highland supporters during the Wars of Scottish Independence. John Barbour's 1375 epic, The Brus, suggests that by 1316, the clan had switched allegiance to Robert I, and made a decisive intervention in the new theatre of Anglo-Scottish conflict in Ireland. The marriage of an heiress to the MacLeods of Lewis brought a severe loss of lands and power in the following generation, forcing the clan chiefs to relocate to the surviving estates on Skye. However, the MacNeacails retained local significant influence: serving, according to tradition, as members of the Council of the Lords of the Isles and as custodians of the cathedral church of the Western Isles at Snizort. In the 17th century, members of the clan began to Anglicise their surname from the Scottish Gaelic MacNeacail to various forms, such as Nicolson. Today the English variants of the Gaelic surname are borne by members of the clan as well as members of unrelated Scottish families, including the Lowland Clan Nicolson.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kyleakin</span> Human settlement in Scotland

Kyleakin is a village situated on the east coast of the Isle of Skye in the Inner Hebrides, Scotland. The village is along the strait of Kyle Akin opposite the northwest Scottish mainland town of Kyle of Lochalsh. Kyleakin is within the parish of Strath also known as Strath Swordale.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clan Mackinnon</span> Highland Scottish clan

Clan MacKinnon is a Highland Scottish clan from the islands of Mull and Skye, in the Inner Hebrides.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Knock Castle (Isle of Skye)</span> Castle in Highland, Scotland, UK

Knock Castle, also known as Caisteal Chamuis is a former stronghold of the MacDonalds. It lies on the east coast of Sleat, approximately five miles (8.0 km) north of Armadale on the Isle of Skye, south of Cnoc Uaine, on the eastern side of Knock Bay. Currently the castle is in ruins; it consists of an old 15th century keep of which one part, a window, remains to some height with traces of later buildings.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of the Outer Hebrides</span>

The Hebrides were settled early on in the settlement of the British Isles, perhaps as early as the Mesolithic era, around 8500–8250 BC, after the climatic conditions improved enough to sustain human settlement. There are examples of structures possibly dating from up to 3000 BC, the finest example being the standing stones at Callanish, but some archaeologists date the site as Bronze Age. Little is known of the people who settled in the Hebrides but they were likely of the same Celtic stock that had settled in the rest of Scotland. Settlements at Northton, Harris, have both Beaker & Neolithic dwelling houses, the oldest in the Western Isles, attesting to the settlement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beinn na Caillich (Red Hills)</span>

Beinn na Caillich is a mountain with a height of 732 metres (2,402 ft), west of Broadford on the Isle of Skye, Scotland. It is one of the Red Hills, or Red Cuillin. There is another Beinn na Caillich at Kyle Rhea on Skye, with an identical height.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dun Ringill</span>

Dun Ringill is an Iron Age hill fort on the Strathaird peninsula on the island of Skye, Scotland. Further fortified in the Middle Ages, tradition holds that it was for several centuries the seat of Clan MacKinnon. It is located east of Kirkibost on the west shore of Loch Slapin.

Findanus is claimed by Clan MacKinnon as their fourth chief and the progenitor of the clan name. He is claimed to have been a great grandson of Alpin, and to have lived in the late ninth and early tenth centuries on the Isle of Skye, Scotland. Findanus brought Dunakin Castle into the clan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Isle of Skye</span> Island of the Inner Hebrides, Scotland

The Isle of Skye, or simply Skye, is the largest and northernmost of the major islands in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland. The island's peninsulas radiate from a mountainous hub dominated by the Cuillin, the rocky slopes of which provide some of the most dramatic mountain scenery in the country. Although Sgitheanach has been suggested to describe a winged shape, no definitive agreement exists as to the name's origins.

Malise mac Gilleain was the second chief of Clan Maclean. He was loyal to Alexander III of Scotland and assisted in the expulsion of Haakon IV of Norway from Scotland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lochalsh</span>

Lochalsh is a district of mainland Scotland that is currently part of the Highland council area. The Lochalsh district covers all of the mainland either side of Loch Alsh - and of Loch Duich - between Loch Carron and Loch Hourn, ie. from Stromeferry in the north on Loch Carron down to Corran on Loch Hourn and as (south-)west as Kintail. It was sometimes more narrowly defined as just being the hilly peninsula that lies between Loch Carron and Loch Alsh. The main settlement is Kyle of Lochalsh, located at the entrance to Loch Alsh, opposite the village of Kyleakin on the adjacent island of Skye. A ferry used to connect the two settlements but was replaced by the Skye Bridge in 1995.

MV <i>Glenbrook</i>

MV Glenbrook is a double-ended, drive-through ferry, operating across the River Lee in County Cork. She was built in 1970 as MV Lochalsh for the Caledonian Steam Packet Company and served on the Skye crossing until 1991.

MV Coruisk was a side-loading vehicle ferry, built in 1969 for the Skye crossing. Superseded by larger, drive-through vessels, she was converted to bow-loading and moved to Largs and later to Scalpay where she served until 1983.

Charles Roy Stuart-Vernon, Laird MacKinnon of Dunakin, was a prolific British writer. He wrote historical books and novels of diverse genres under various pseudonyms: Charles Stuart, Charles MacKinnon, Charles MacKinnon of Dunakin, C. R. MacKinnon of Dunakin, C. R. MacKinnon, Graham Montrose, Iain Torr, I. Torr, Vivian Stuart, Vivian Donald and Barbara Lynn.

References

  1. "Castle Moil, Kyleakin". UK Attraction. Archived from the original on 13 May 2008. Retrieved 21 August 2008.
  2. John D. Keyser. "Clan MacKinnon". Archived from the original on 8 October 2007. Retrieved 21 August 2008.
  3. The Genealogy of the Clan MacKinnon from Clan documents
  4. "The Lords of the Isles". Scotland's History. BBC. Retrieved 11 December 2012.
  5. 1 2 On site informational sign from the Skye & Lochalsh District Council's Museums Service
  6. "Caisteal Maol". Chatelaine's Scottish Castles. Retrieved 21 August 2008.
  7. BBC. "Lightning damages historic castle on Isle of Skye". BBC. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  8. BBC (8 October 2018). "Skye castle struck by lightning made safe". BBC. Retrieved 13 October 2018.

Sources

Miket and Roberts, The Mediaeval Castles of Skye and Lochalsh (2nd edition, Birlinn Ltd, 2007)