Ceres Bethel AME Church

Last updated
Ceres Bethel AME Church
Ceres Bethel AME Church MD1.jpg
Ceres Bethel AME Church in 2020
USA Maryland location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Usa edcp location map.svg
Red pog.svg
LocationGapland Road,
Burkittsville, Maryland
Coordinates 39°24′06″N77°38′16″W / 39.40167°N 77.63778°W / 39.40167; -77.63778
Area0.75 acres (0.30 ha)
NRHP reference No. 100005982 [1]
Added to NRHPDecember 22, 2020

Ceres Bethel AME Church was built near Burkittsville, Maryland in 1870, for an African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME) congregation. The wood frame church fell into disuse in 1984, but its cemetery continues in use. Located at the site of the Battle of South Mountain, it has been recognized as one of Maryland's most threatened historic place.

Contents

History

In the years before the American Civil War, there was a substantial population of African-American slaves and freemen in the area, working several large local farms, especially the Lee family holdings. There had been an AME church in the Burkittsville area since about 1838 or 1839. In 1858 the congregation's trustees bought a 1.25-acre (0.51 ha) parcel on the mountainside above Burkittsville for $16.50. A church is believed to have been erected on the site shortly after, and Daniel Ridout was assigned to the congregation, together with others on his circuit. [2]

Ridout and his family lived at the base of the mountain. In 1862 the area was occupied by Confederate forces in the days leading up to the Battle of South Mountain, and the Ridout family was treated with both courtesy and disrespect by the soldiers. The battle was fought over the mountainside non September 14, 1862, and the Ridout family observed many dead soldiers from both sides. Following the Battle of Antietam two days later, the church was used as a hospital. Several Confederate dead were buried near the church, later to be re-interred in Hagerstown and Frederick. [2]

Following emancipation, a small community grew on the mountainside near the church. In 1870 the present church was built, and the former church building was converted to a school. The school building has since disappeared. [3]

The congregation dwindled in the middle of the 20th century. In 1984 the church closed, and the congregation moved to the AME church in Knoxville, Maryland. Preservation efforts came to naught, and the church deteriorated. [3]

After its abandonment, the church has experienced vandalism from fans of the 1999 Blair Witch Project movie.The church was subsequently listed in 2011 as one of the eleven most endangered historic sites in Maryland, by Preservation Maryland [4] [5]

Description

The church is on a steeply sloping site on the east side of South Mountain at Crampton's Gap, above Burkittsville, Maryland. The building is a simple gable-front wood-framed structure with a single room, over a stone-foundation basement. It is approached by a south-facing stairway. Double front doors are flanked by six-over-six wood double-hung sash windows, with two arched fixed windows above. The original vertical wood siding is covered by diamond-pattern asphalt shingles. The side elevations are three bays, and at the rear there are two double-hung windows flanking a raised altar podium. A stair on the left of the altar gives access to the basement. The basement has two windows and a door on the east side, where the ground falls away. [6]

A marble cornerstone is inscribed "CERES BETHEL A.M.E. CHURCH 1870. L. Benson. Pastor. [7]

The cemetery contains at least 52 marked graves and an undetermined number of unmarked gravesites. [6]

The church is boarded up and continues to deteriorate. Local preservation organization organiztions have undertaken cleanups of the cemetery. [8]

Significance

The church and graveyard preserve the memory of the African-American community in the area, which survived from the pre-Civil War era to the mid-20th century. The church and cemetery were placed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 22, 2020. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Frederick, Maryland</span> City in Maryland, United States

Frederick is a city in, and the county seat of, Frederick County, Maryland, United States. It is located at an important crossroads at the intersection of a major north–south Native American trail and east–west routes to the Chesapeake Bay, both at Baltimore and what became Washington, D.C., and across the Appalachian mountains to the Ohio River watershed. Frederick's population was 78,171 people as of the 2020 census, making it the second-largest incorporated city in Maryland behind Baltimore. It is a part of the Washington metropolitan area and the greater Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Burkittsville, Maryland</span> Town in Maryland, United States

Burkittsville is a historic village in Frederick County, Maryland, United States. The village lies in the southern Middletown Valley along the eastern base of South Mountain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mother Bethel A.M.E. Church</span> Historic church in Pennsylvania, United States

The Mother Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church is an historic church and congregation which is located at 419 South 6th Street in Center City Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. The congregation, founded in 1794, is the oldest African Methodist Episcopal congregation in the nation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bethel Methodist Church (Charleston, South Carolina)</span> Historic church in South Carolina, United States

Bethel Methodist Church is a congregation and the building located at 57 Pitt St. The congregation organized in the late eighteenth century and originally built a smaller wooden church on the site. It served both white and black Methodists.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Street African Methodist Episcopal Church</span> Historic church in Massachusetts, United States

Charles Street African Methodist Episcopal Church is an historic African Methodist Episcopal Church at 551 Warren Street in Boston, Massachusetts. The current church building was built in 1888 by J. Williams Beal and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church and Parsonage</span> Historic church in Massachusetts, United States

The Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church and Parsonage is an historic church and parsonage at 6 Sever Street in Plymouth, Massachusetts. The congregation, founded in 1866, is one of a small number of African Methodist Episcopal (AME) congregations in eastern Massachusetts, and is an enduring component of the small African-American community in Plymouth. Its church, built about 1840 as a commercial building and consecrated in 1870, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St. John's Church (Ruxton, Maryland)</span> Historic church in Maryland, United States

St. John's Church is a historic A.U.M.P. church located in Ruxton, Baltimore County, Maryland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beallsville, Maryland</span> Community in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States

Beallsville is an unincorporated community in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. It is a small community located north of Poolesville.Notable people are Charlotte Mallow and Josephine Mallow, well known race car drivers. The area is also known for wild chickens and a puppy named “Dixie”, named after the Dixie Chicks. The ZIP Code for Beallsville is 20839.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bethel AME Church (Reading, Pennsylvania)</span> Historic church in Pennsylvania, United States

Bethel AME Church, now known as the Central Pennsylvania African American Museum, is a historic African Methodist Episcopal church at 119 North 10th Street in Reading, Berks County, Pennsylvania. It was originally built in 1837, and is a 2½-storey brick and stucco building with a gable roof. It was rebuilt about 1867–1869, and remodeled in 1889. It features a three-storey brick tower with a pyramidal roof topped by a finial. The church is known to have housed fugitive slaves and the congregation was active in the Underground Railroad. The church is now home to a museum dedicated to the history of African Americans in Central Pennsylvania.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church (Springtown, New Jersey)</span> Historic church in New Jersey, United States

Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church is a historic African Methodist Episcopal Church in Springtown, New Jersey, United States. The church was part of two free negro communities, Othello and Springtown, established by local Quaker families, like the Van Leer Family. The congregation was established in 1810 in Greenwich Township as the African Methodist Society and joined the African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1817. A previous church building was burned down in the 1830s in an arson incident and the current structure was built between 1838 and 1841.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bethel AME Church (Davenport, Iowa)</span> United States historic place

Bethel A.M.E. Church is located in Davenport, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crampton's Gap Historic District</span> Historic district in Maryland, United States

The Crampton's Gap Historic District comprises the battlefield where the American Civil War Battle of Crampton's Gap, part of the larger Battle of South Mountain, took place on September 14, 1862. The district extends on the west to the foot of South Mountain, and to the east of Burkittsville, beyond the eastern foot of the mountain. The district is characterized by steep mountain terrain in the west and open farmland in the east, with the small town of Burkittsville in the center, which is itself listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places. The district extends to the south to include Brownsville Gap. The district includes 98 contributing buildings, 78 of which are in the Burkittsville Historic District. Crampton's Gap at the crest of the mountain is encompassed by Gathland State Park, which features the War Correspondents Memorial Arch, erected in 1896 to memorialize journalists killed in wartime. The arch is listed on the National Register as part of Antietam National Battlefield. The mountainous portions of the district feature numerous stone walls, which were used by both sides for shelter against gunfire during the battle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">British Methodist Episcopal Church, Salem Chapel</span> Historic site in St. Catharines, Ontario

The British Methodist Episcopal (BME) Church, Salem Chapel was founded in 1820 by African-American freedom seekers in St. Catharines, Ontario. It is located at 92 Geneva St., in the heart of Old St. Catharines. The church is a valued historical site due to its design, and its important associations with abolitionist activity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bethel A.M.E. Church (Indianapolis, Indiana)</span> Historic church in Indiana, United States

The Bethel A.M.E. Church, known in its early years as Indianapolis Station or the Vermont Street Church, is a historic African Methodist Episcopal Church in Indianapolis, Indiana. Organized in 1836, it is the city's oldest African-American congregation. The three-story church on West Vermont Street dates to 1869 and was added to the National Register in 1991. The surrounding neighborhood, once the heart of downtown Indianapolis's African American community, significantly changed with post-World War II urban development that included new hotels, apartments, office space, museums, and the Indiana University–Purdue University at Indianapolis campus. In 2016 the congregation sold their deteriorating church, which will be used in a future commercial development. The congregation built a new worship center at 6417 Zionsville Road in Pike Township in northwest Indianapolis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Union Bethel A.M.E. Church (New Orleans, Louisiana)</span> Historic church in Louisiana, United States

The Union Bethel A.M.E. Church in New Orleans, Louisiana, at 2321 Thalia St. at the corner of Liberty St., is a historic African Methodist Episcopal church.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hebron Church (Intermont, West Virginia)</span> Historic Lutheran church in Intermont, West Virginia

Hebron Church is a mid-19th-century Lutheran church in Intermont, Hampshire County, in the U.S. state of West Virginia. Hebron Church was founded in 1786 by German settlers in the Cacapon River Valley, making it the first Lutheran church west of the Shenandoah Valley. The congregation worshiped in a log church, which initially served both Lutheran and Reformed denominations. Its congregation was originally German-speaking; the church's documents and religious services were in German until 1821, when records and sermons transitioned to English.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bethel Church and Graveyard</span> Historic church and cemetery in Indiana, United States

Bethel Church and Graveyard, also known as Bethel Community Church, is a historic church and cemetery in Logan Township, Fountain County, Indiana. The church was built in 1850 and is a one-story, simple Greek Revival-style timber-frame building. It measures 36 by 50 feet. It has a medium-pitched gable roof and sits on a sandstone block foundation coated in stucco. The congregation has been meeting on this site since 1825. The first marked burial in the adjacent cemetery dates to 1825.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bethel AME Church of Crawfordsville</span> Historic church in Indiana, United States

Bethel AME Church of Crawfordsville is a historic African Methodist Episcopal church located at Crawfordsville, Montgomery County, Indiana. It was built in 1892, and is a one-story, gable fronted frame building on a brick foundation. It features a large round-arched window and two-story, square corner tower. Portions of the building are believed to date to 1847. Also on the property is a contributing one-story, Queen Anne style cottage that served as the original parsonage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stoutsburg Sourland African American Museum</span> United States historic place

The Stoutsburg Sourland African American Museum (SSAAM) is a history museum located in the Skillman section of Montgomery Township, New Jersey, United States. The museum is located at the Mount Zion African Methodist Episcopal Church, an African Methodist Episcopal church constructed in 1899. The church was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 7, 2021.

References

  1. 1 2 "National Register of Historic Places Weekly List 20201225" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
  2. 1 2 Wallace, Edie (June 19, 2015). "National Rgister of Historic Places Registration Form: Ceres Bethel AME Church" (PDF). Maryland Historical Trust. National Park Service. pp. 14–18. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
  3. 1 2 Wallace, p. 20
  4. Wallace, p. 21
  5. "Endangered: Ceres Bethel AME Church". Preservation Maryland. October 3, 2014. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
  6. 1 2 Wallace, pp. 5-8
  7. Wallace, p. 68
  8. Etzler, Allen (February 19, 2020). "As Frederick County's Ceres Bethel AME continues to deteriorate, its need for preservation heightens". Frederick News-Post. Retrieved 6 April 2024.