The Democrats of the Left was a social-democratic political party in Italy. Positioned on the centre-left,the DS,successor of the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS) and the Italian Communist Party,was formed in 1998 upon the merger of the PDS with several minor parties. A member of The Olive Tree coalition,the DS was successively led by Massimo D'Alema,Walter Veltroni,and Piero Fassino,and merged with Democracy is Freedom –The Daisy and a number of minor centre-left parties to form the Democratic Party in October 2007.
Amintore Fanfani was an Italian politician and statesman,who served as 32nd prime minister of Italy for five separate terms. He was one of the best-known Italian politicians after the Second World War and a historical figure of the left-wing faction of Christian Democracy. He is also considered one of the founders of the modern Italian centre-left.
The Party of Italian Communists was a communist party in Italy established in October 1998 by splinters from the Communist Refoundation Party (PRC). The split was led by Armando Cossutta,founder and early leader of the PRC,who opposed Fausto Bertinotti's leaderhip and,especially,his decision to withdraw support from Romano Prodi's first cabinet. In December 2014,the party was transformed into the Communist Party of Italy (PCd'I),which would later evolve into the new version of the Italian Communist Party (PCI).
The Democratic Party of the Left was a democratic-socialist and social-democratic political party in Italy. Founded in February 1991 as the post-communist evolution of the Italian Communist Party,the party was the largest in the Alliance of Progressives and The Olive Tree coalitions. In February 1998,the party merged with minor parties to form Democrats of the Left. At its peak in 1991,the party had a membership of 989,708;by 1998,it was reduced to 613,412.
The 1963 Italian general election was held on Sunday April 28. It was the first election with a fixed number of MPs to be elected,as decided by the second Constitutional Reform in February 1963. It was also the first election which saw the Secretary of Christian Democracy to refuse the office of Prime Minister after the vote,at least for six months,preferring to provisionally maintain his more influent post at the head of the party:this fact confirmed the transformation of Italian political system into a particracy,the secretaries of the parties having become more powerful than the Parliament and the Government.
The Democratic Party is a social-democratic political party in Italy. The party's secretary is Elly Schlein,elected in the 2023 leadership election,while the party's president is Stefano Bonaccini.
Democratic Left,whose complete name was Democratic Left. For European Socialism,was a democratic-socialist political party in Italy.
Meuccio Ruini was an Italian jurist and socialist politician who served as the president of the Italian Senate and the minister of the colonies.
Massimo D'Alema is an Italian politician and journalist who was the 53rd prime minister of Italy from 1998 to 2000. He was Deputy Prime Minister of Italy and Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2006 to 2008. D'Alema also served for a time as national secretary of the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS). Earlier in his career,D'Alema was a member of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) and was the first former Communist party member to become prime minister of a NATO country and the only former PCI prime minister of Italy. Due to his first name and for his dominant position in the left-wing coalitions during the Second Republic,he is referred to as Leader Maximo. He is also the author of several books.
Left Ecology Freedom was a democratic socialist political party in Italy whose bulk was formed by former members of the Communist Refoundation Party.
Socialism 2000 was a democratic socialist political association in Italy led by Cesare Salvi.
Matteo Renzi is an Italian politician who served as prime minister of Italy from 2014 to 2016. He has been a senator for Florence since 2018. Renzi has served as the leader of Italia Viva (IV) since 2019,having been the secretary of the Democratic Party (PD) from 2013 to 2018,with a brief interruption in 2017.
The Federation of the Left was an electoral alliance of communist political parties in Italy. The coalition was the evolution of the Anticapitalist and Communist List.
Pietro Grasso,also known as Piero Grasso,is an Italian anti-mafia magistrate and politician who served as President of the Senate from 2013 to 2018.
The Communist Refoundation Party is a communist political party in Italy that emerged from a split of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) in 1991. The party's secretary is Maurizio Acerbo,who replaced Paolo Ferrero in 2017. Armando Cossutta was the party's founder,while Fausto Bertinotti its longest-serving leader (1994–2008). The latter transformed the PRC from a traditional communist party into a collection of radical social movements.
The centre-left coalition is a political alliance of political parties in Italy active under several forms and names since 1995,when The Olive Tree was formed under the leadership of Romano Prodi. The centre-left coalition has ruled the country for more than fifteen years between 1996 and 2022;to do so,it had mostly to rely on a big tent that went from the more radical left-wing,which had more weight between 1996 and 2008,to the political centre,which had more weight during the 2010s,and its main parties were also part of grand coalitions and national unity governments.
A constitutional referendum was held in Italy on 4 December 2016. Voters were asked whether they approved a constitutional law that amends the Italian Constitution to reform the composition and powers of the Parliament of Italy,as well as the division of powers between the State,the regions,and administrative entities.
The 2017 Democratic Party leadership election was an open primary election held on 30 April 2017. The three candidates were Matteo Renzi,former Prime Minister and party secretary until February 2017,Michele Emiliano,President of Apulia,and Andrea Orlando,the Minister of Justice. Renzi was elected by a landslide 70%,and appointed Maurizio Martina as his deputy secretary.
Article One,officially Article 1 –Democratic and Progressive Movement,was a social-democratic political party in Italy.
Free and Equal was a left-wing electoral list and parliamentary group in the Chamber of Deputies and a sub-group in the Senate,the two houses of the Italian Parliament. LeU was launched on 3 December 2017 as a federation of political parties including Article 1,Italian Left and Possible. The leader of the alliance for the 2018 general election was Pietro Grasso,former President of the Senate and former anti-Mafia prosecutor. The three founding parties left the alliance in late 2018,but LeU continued to exist in Parliament. Following the 2021 Italian government crisis,LeU had a single minister,Roberto Speranza,in the national unity government of Prime Minister Mario Draghi.
