Romano Prodi is an Italian politician who served as President of the European Commission from 1999 to 2004 and twice as Prime Minister of Italy,from 1996 to 1998,and again 2006 to 2008. Prodi is considered the founder of the Italian centre-left and one of the most prominent and iconic figures of the Second Republic. He is often nicknamed Il Professore due to his academic career.
Danuta Maria Hübner(née Młynarska,Polish:[daˈnutaˈxʲybnɛr] or;born 8 April 1948) is a Polish politician and Diplomat and Economist and Member of the European Parliament. She has served as European Commissioner for Regional Policy from 22 November 2004 until 4 July 2009,when she resigned to become a Member of European Parliament for the Civic Platform. In 2012,Professor Hübner became a member of the International Honorary Council of the European Academy of Diplomacy.
Enrico Letta is an Italian politician who served as Prime Minister of Italy from April 2013 to February 2014,leading a grand coalition of centre-left and centre-right parties. He was the leader of the Democratic Party (PD) from March 2021 to March 2023.
Jan Marian Olbrycht is a Polish politician of the Civic Platform who has been serving Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Silesian Voivodeship since 2004. Olbrycht sits as part of the European People's Party. Before entering European politics,he was the first Marshal of Silesian Voivodeship between 1999 and 2002.
Pier Luigi Bersani is an Italian politician and was Secretary of the Democratic Party (PD),Italy's leading centre-left party,from 2009 to 2013. Bersani was Minister of Industry,Commerce and Craftmanship from 1996 to 1999,President of Emilia-Romagna from 1993 to 1996,Minister of Transport from 1999 to 2001,and Minister of Economic Development from 2006 to 2008.
Beniamino "Nino" Andreatta was an Italian economist and politician. He was a member of Christian Democrat,and one of the founders of the Italian People's Party in 1994 and of the Olive Tree coalition in 1996.
Sergio Cofferati is an Italian trade unionist and politician. Secretary general of CGIL from 1994 to 2002,Mayor of Bologna for the Democrats of the Left from 2004 to 2009 and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2009 to 2019,elected as a candidate of the Democratic Party.
The Democrats was a centrist and social-liberal political party in Italy.
The second Prodi government was the cabinet of the government of Italy from 17 May 2006 to 8 May 2008,a total of 722 days,or 1 year,11 months and 21 days. The 59th cabinet of the Italian Republic,it was the only cabinet of the XV Legislature.
Giovanna Melandri is an Italian-American politician. She was an MP in the Italian Parliament for 18 years (1994–2012),holding the positions of Minister of Culture (1998–2001) and Minister of Youth and Sport (2006–2008). She is the president of MAXXI,the National Museum of the 21st Century Arts of Rome,as well as being the founder and chairwoman of the Human Foundation.
Massimo D'Alema is an Italian politician and journalist who was the 53rd prime minister of Italy from 1998 to 2000. He was Deputy Prime Minister of Italy and Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2006 to 2008. D'Alema also served for a time as national secretary of the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS). Earlier in his career,D'Alema was a member of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) and was the first former Communist party member to become prime minister of a NATO country and the only former PCI prime minister of Italy. Due to his first name and for his dominant position in the left-wing coalitions during the Second Republic,he is referred to as Leader Maximo. He is also the author of several books.
Sandro Gozi is an Italian politician formerly of the Democratic Party who has been a Member of the European Parliament since 2020. He was a member of Italy's Chamber of Deputies from 2006 to 2018,and was elected to the European Parliament in 2019,representing France on the list of Emmanuel Macron's LREM party.
Olivier Chastel is a Belgian pharmacist and politician of the Liberal Party "Mouvement Réformateur" (MR) who has been serving as a Member of the European Parliament since 2019.
Monika Hohlmeier is a German politician who has been serving as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since 2009. She is a member of the Christian Social Union,part of the European People's Party. Between 1998 and 2005 she served as Bavarian State Minister for Education and Cultural Affairs.
Luigi Berlinguer was an Italian jurist and politician. He was a professor at the University of Siena,and also served as the minister of university and research and the minister of education.
The Communist Refoundation Party is a communist political party in Italy that emerged from a split of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) in 1991. The party's secretary is Maurizio Acerbo,who replaced Paolo Ferrero in 2017. Armando Cossutta was the party's founder,while Fausto Bertinotti its longest-serving leader (1994–2008). The latter transformed the PRC from a traditional communist party into a collection of radical social movements.
Roberto Gualtieri is an Italian historian,academic and politician of the Democratic Party (PD),incumbent Mayor of Rome since 2021 and Minister of Economy and Finances in the second government of Giuseppe Conte from 2019 until 2021. He previously was a Member of the European Parliament from 2009 to 2019,where he chaired the influential Economic and Monetary Affairs Committee within the Parliament from 2014 until 2019.
The centre-left coalition is a political alliance of political parties in Italy active under several forms and names since 1995,when The Olive Tree was formed under the leadership of Romano Prodi. The centre-left coalition has ruled the country for more than fifteen years between 1996 and 2022;to do so,it had mostly to rely on a big tent that went from the more radical left-wing,which had more weight between 1996 and 2008,to the political centre,which had more weight during the 2010s,and its main parties were also part of grand coalitions and national unity governments.
Francesco Boccia is an Italian academic and politician of the Democratic Party (PD) who served as Minister of Regional Affairs and Autonomies in the government of Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte.
Niclas Herbst is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who has been serving as a Member of the European Parliament since 2019.
