Chaos A.D.

Last updated

Chaos A.D.
Sepultura - Chaos A.D. 1993.jpg
Studio album by
Sepultura
ReleasedSeptember 1993 [1]
Recorded1992–1993
Studio Rockfield Studios (Monmouth, Wales) Chepstow Castle (Monmouth, Wales)
Genre Groove metal
Length47:04
Label
Producer Andy Wallace
Sepultura chronology
Arise
(1991)		Chaos A.D.
(1993)		 Roots
(1996)
Singles from Chaos A.D.
  1. "Refuse/Resist"
    Released: September 5, 1993
  2. "Territory"
    Released: October 5, 1993
  3. "Slave New World"
    Released: May 25, 1994

Chaos A.D. is the fifth studio album by Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura, released in 1993 by Roadrunner Records. The album saw a stylistic departure from the band's earlier thrash metal style, [2] by featuring a new groove metal sound. [3] [4] Chaos A.D. is also Sepultura's only album on Epic Records, who handled its release for North American distribution, as well as the first album to feature Paulo Jr. on bass after having played with the band in a live capacity since 1984. [lower-alpha 1]

Contents

Production

The band considered a number of producers, including avant-garde jazz composer John Zorn and Al Jourgensen of industrial metal pioneers Ministry. They ultimately chose Andy Wallace, who had previously mixed Arise . Sepultura wanted isolation, and for that Andy Wallace suggested Rockfield Studios, located in South Wales. [9] The recording sessions marked the first time Sepultura had recorded as a quartet as opposed to a trio, which saw Andreas Kisser handling both bass and guitar duties on their previous three albums; as such, Chaos A.D. was the first album to include Paulo Jr., who had been playing live with the band since joining in 1984. [lower-alpha 1]

"Kaiowas" was recorded live among the ruins of the medieval castle of Chepstow. It was an entirely acoustic track, with Kisser and Max Cavalera on the guitars and drummer Igor Cavalera and Paulo Jr. on percussion. When they recorded "Kaiowas", the quartet never even considered playing the track live, because they thought it would be too difficult to recreate the drumming on stage. They changed their minds after seeing a video of the American band Neurosis: "We saw in that live video that the Neurosis guys put down their guitars and everybody started to play the drums on stage", lead guitarist Andreas remembers. "We decided to try the same thing. We rehearsed it once and it was wonderful. We haven't stopped playing the song live since." [10]

During recording sessions, Sepultura recorded a number of covers: "The Hunt", from New Model Army, "Polícia", from Titãs, "Inhuman Nature", from the American hardcore punk band Final Conflict, and "Crucificados pelo Sistema", from Brazilian Ratos de Porão. Igor, a New Model Army fan, convinced the other band members to include "The Hunt" on the record. Paulo joked that the money of the LP would go straight to new dentures for Justin Sullivan, the toothless singer of New Model Army. [2] The latter 3 covers would be included as B-sides and also on the compilation Blood-Rooted . "Polícia" is also included as a bonus track on the Brazilian edition of the album. Up until the time the album was due, the title was originally Propaganda after track 6, but Max Cavalera changed it to Chaos A.D. after the Misfits' Earth A.D. [11]

Musical style

Out of the boredom of playing the Arise songs for two years straight and concerned about the threat of musically stagnating, Sepultura pushed the envelope on Chaos A.D. [12] The first track, "Refuse/Resist", revealed the band's new musical direction: slower, with more emphasis on groove than speed. [13] The song starts with the heartbeat of Max's then-unborn first son, Zyon, [14] followed by some Afro-Brazilian drumming reminiscent of Salvador, Bahia samba-reggae group Olodum. [2] About the track's introductory guitar riff, Max acknowledged that it "could have been created by a death metal band." [15] Chaos A.D. was their first record to utilize some lower guitar tunings. Half of the songs in the album are tuned down to D standard, except for "Kaiowas", which is in drop C♯ tuning. [16]

Diversity was the key to Chaos A.D., revealed Max Cavalera. "Biotech Is Godzilla" was "pure hardcore", according to the elder Cavalera. [15] "Nomad", with its characteristically slow riffs, was described by lead guitarist Andreas Kisser as their answer to Metallica's "Sad but True". [10] The album also featured Sepultura's first all-acoustic incursion, "Kaiowas". "It's like a mixture of Led Zeppelin, Sonic Youth and Olodum", said Max of that particular song. [13] Dazed & Confused magazine stated the album "signalled a move away from the [Sepultura]'s thrash roots, focusing on slower, industrial grooves." [17] Decibel also acknowledged the departure from Sepultura's thrash metal style on Chaos A.D. [18] In the book The 100 Greatest Metal Guitarists, author Joel McIver stated the album showed a "movement away from extreme metal to a more punk sound" with a stronger focus on "feel and groove". [19] McIver went on to state that the album showed the first signs of the groove metal genre that Sepultura would apply by the mid-1990s. [19] In Ian Christe's book Sound of the Beast , he credits Chaos A.D, along with American heavy metal band Pantera, for developing the death metal-influenced music of groove metal that would later influence other artists in the '90s. [3]

Themes

The lyrics of "Refuse/Resist" mention "tanks on the streets, confronting police, bleeding the plebs." [14] Its chorus ("Refuse! Resist!") resembles a protest march slogan, [20] and when released as a single featured a photograph of a South Korean student rushing at Seoul's riot police contingent while holding a Molotov cocktail. [21] The next song, "Territory", dealt with the conflict between the Palestinian and Israeli peoples. [20] "Slave New World" — with its lyrics co-written by Biohazard bassist Evan Seinfeld [10] — was a protest against censorship. [22]

Massacres were a major part of Chaos A.D.'s overall theme. "Amen" tackled the massacre of David Koresh's followers in Waco, Texas. "Manifest" had a faux-radio report of the Carandiru massacre, [10] and "Kaiowas" was made in honor of a Brazilian Indian tribe that committed collective suicide in protest against the government that wanted to drive them off the land of their ancestors. [23] "Nomad", written by Andreas, talked about people expelled from their homelands. [10]

In 2008, speaking to Kerrang! , Max Cavalera remembered: "This certainly got in touch with the dark side of Sepultura. "Refuse/Resist" is an anti-police song – a real piece of anarchy. You could call the album riot music. It was full of heavy shit and some of it was risky, but it was just where we were coming from at the time. "Manifest" is also very close to me. That's about a massacre of prisoners by police at a jail in São Paulo. One hundred and eleven prisoners were killed, and one of my friends was there and took pictures of it all, one of which we used in the artwork." [24]

On Chaos A.D., Sepultura honored one of their biggest idols, Jello Biafra. Max had called Biafra asking him to contribute to the album with a song about the growing neo-Nazi movement. "I asked for something like 'Nazi Punks Fuck Off - Part 2'", remembers Max, referring to the anti-Nazi song "Nazi Punks Fuck Off" by the Dead Kennedys. But Biafra wasn't interested in recycling old ideas and he suggested a song called "Biotech Is Godzilla", that he had written during his visit to Eco '92, a world conference about ecology organized in Rio de Janeiro. "Jello spent ten minutes explaining me his crazy theories", said Max to Anamaria G. of Bizz magazine, "he said that George Bush had sent a group of scientists to Brazil to test germs and bacteria on human beings and use them as guinea pigs. The lyrics claim that biotechnology created AIDS. But they don't say that technology is bad, just that it's in the wrong hands." [25]

Touring and promotion

By the time Chaos A.D. arrived, Sepultura were the biggest act of Roadrunner's roster. Aware of the band's increasing popularity, the label spent nearly $1 million on a "marketing blitz" which quickly guaranteed them silver and gold records in Belgium, France and the UK. [26] The group also signed an exclusive distribution deal with a major label, Epic Records, home of Pearl Jam and Rage Against the Machine. [27] This deal eventually went sour: Epic paid little attention to Sepultura, [28] preferring to invest in Fight and Prong, [27] groups that were, in the long run, less successful than the Brazilians. [29]

The Chaos A.D. tour launched on October 23, 1993, with British doom metal band Paradise Lost as the opening act. The tour went well, except for an incident where Berlin's police received a false tip claiming that Sepultura's tour bus was loaded with a major cocaine shipment. [26] Enraged by the unjust search and seizure procedure, Max re-wrote "Antichrist", from their 1985 Bestial Devastation EP, as "Anti-Cop", [30] and then the band proceeded in playing the song live throughout the tour (a recorded version is available on the combined re-release of Bestial Devastation/ Morbid Visions and The Roots of Sepultura albums). [31]

While touring Europe, rumors floated around that Sepultura would be part of the latest edition of Brazil's Hollywood Rock music festival, taking place in January 1994. The event would happen simultaneously on São Paulo and in Rio de Janeiro. Chaos A.D. has sold more than 2 million copies worldwide.

The North American leg, which was co-headlined by Pantera, coincided with the 1994 FIFA World Cup, with the concert in Irvine, California, taking place on July 17, a few hours after the tournament final, in nearby Pasadena. Sepultura, whose members attended the match, took to the stage decorated in the Brazilian colors in celebration of the national team's triumph in the tournament. [32]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar half.svg [33]
Collector's Guide to Heavy Metal 10/10 [34]
Entertainment Weekly B+ [35]
NME 6/10 [35]
Q Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svg [35]
Rolling Stone Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar half.svgStar empty.svg [36]

Chaos A.D. received positive reviews from music critics, with many commending the album's experimentation and sense of the band coming into their own. AllMusic declared it one of the best heavy metal albums of all time, calling it "a remarkable achievement not only in its concentrated power and originality, but also in the degree to which Sepultura eclipsed their idols in offering a vision of heavy metal's future." [33] Entertainment Weekly proclaimed that "Sepultura will separate casual headbangers from rabid addicts fast... even nonmetalheads will be impressed by the variety in [Chaos A.D.]: they're not averse to slowing things down." [35]

In 2017, it was ranked 29th on Rolling Stone 's "100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time". [37]

Track listing

All music is composed by Sepultura, except where noted

No.TitleLyricsLength
1."Refuse/Resist" Max Cavalera 3:20
2."Territory" Andreas Kisser 4:47
3."Slave New World"
2:55
4."Amen"Max Cavalera4:27
5."Kaiowas"(instrumental)3:43
6."Propaganda"Max Cavalera3:33
7."Biotech Is Godzilla" Jello Biafra 1:52
8."Nomad"Andreas Kisser4:59
9."We Who Are Not as Others"Max Cavalera3:42
10."Manifest"Max Cavalera4:49
11."The Hunt" (New Model Army cover)
3:59
12."Clenched Fist"Max Cavalera4:58
Total length:47:04
1993 bonus track version (American edition)
No.TitleLength
13."Polícia" (Titãs cover)1:47
1996 reissue (American edition)
No.TitleLyricsLength
13."Chaos B.C. (from the 1996 album Mortal Kombat: More Kombat )"
5:12
14."Kaiowas (Tribal Jam)"(instrumental)3:47
15."Territory (live)"Max Cavalera4:48
16."Amen/Inner Self (live)"
  • Andreas Kisser
  • Max Cavalera
8:42

Notes

Personnel

Charts

ChartPeak
position
Australian Albums (ARIA) [39] 27
Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria) [40] 19
Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) [41] 21
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) [42] 11
Hungarian Albums (MAHASZ) [43] 23
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ) [44] 15
Norwegian Albums (VG-lista) [45] 16
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan) [46] 11
Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade) [47] 15
UK Albums (OCC) [48] 11
US Billboard 200 [49] 32

Certifications

RegionCertification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA) [50] Gold35,000^
Netherlands (NVPI) [51] Gold50,000^
United Kingdom (BPI) [52] Gold100,000^
United States (RIAA) [53] Gold500,000^

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

Notes

  1. 1 2 Despite being credited as bassist on the band's first four albums, the members of Sepultura have stated in interviews that Paulo Jr. had not played on any albums prior to Chaos A.D. [5] [6] [7] [8]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sepultura</span> Brazilian heavy metal band

Sepultura is a Brazilian heavy metal band formed in Belo Horizonte in 1984 by brothers Max and Igor Cavalera. The band was a major force in the groove metal, thrash metal and death metal genres during the late 1980s and early 1990s, with their later experiments drawing influence from alternative metal, world music, nu metal, hardcore punk and industrial metal. Sepultura has also been credited as one of the second wave of thrash metal acts from the late 1980s to early-to-mid-1990s.

<i>Beneath the Remains</i> 1989 studio album by Sepultura

Beneath the Remains is the third studio album by Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura, released on April 7, 1989. It was their first release by Roadrunner Records.

<i>Roots</i> (Sepultura album) 1996 studio album by Sepultura

Roots is the sixth studio album by Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura. It was released in Europe on February 20, 1996 and in the U.S. three weeks later on March 12 by Roadrunner Records. It is the band's last studio album to feature founding member and vocalist/rhythm guitarist Max Cavalera.

<i>Under a Pale Grey Sky</i> 2002 live album by Sepultura

Under a Pale Grey Sky is a live album by Sepultura, released on September 24, 2002, through Roadrunner Records. The album was recorded in the Brixton Academy, London on December 16, 1996. Max Cavalera left Sepultura shortly after the concert, following an argument with his band mates outside the band's touring bus.

<i>Morbid Visions</i> 1986 studio album by Sepultura

Morbid Visions is the debut studio album by Brazilian metal band Sepultura, released on November 10, 1986, by Cogumelo Records. While later albums have a more political edge, Morbid Visions is notable for Satanic themes and imagery. The band said many lyrics were fashioned after those of early extreme metal bands such as Venom and Celtic Frost.

<i>Schizophrenia</i> (Sepultura album) 1987 studio album by Sepultura

Schizophrenia is the second studio album by Brazilian thrash metal band Sepultura, released on October 30, 1987 by Cogumelo Records. It is the first album for the band with Andreas Kisser. The album's sound leans more towards the death/thrash metal genre than the previous album Morbid Visions, which is stylistically closer to black metal. All songs were recorded during August 1987. The reissue of 1990 has a bonus track "Troops of Doom" which was recorded during August 26–27, 1990.

<i>Bestial Devastation</i> 1985 EP by Sepultura

Bestial Devastation is an EP by Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura, released in 1985 through Cogumelo Records. It is their first official release, and originally appeared alongside Overdose's Século XX as a split album. The EP's songs were later released as bonus tracks on the CD version of Morbid Visions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andreas Kisser</span> Brazilian guitarist

Andreas Rudolf Kisser is a Brazilian musician, best known for being the lead guitarist for the metal band Sepultura. He has been featured on every Sepultura release since their second album, Schizophrenia. Additionally, Kisser has also been involved in other bands such as the rock supergroup Hail!, Sexoturica and, more recently, De La Tierra.

Jairo Guedes Braga, known professionally as Jairo Guedz, is a Brazilian guitarist and bassist, currently playing guitar for The Troops of Doom and The Southern Blacklist, and bass in a Metallica tribute band called Metallica Cover Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paulo Jr.</span> Brazilian bassist

Paulo Xisto Pinto Júnior is a Brazilian musician best known as the bassist for heavy metal band Sepultura. He joined Sepultura after Roberto Raffan left the band in 1984, becoming Sepultura's second bassist. Although no original members are left in Sepultura, Pinto is the longest remaining member of Sepultura despite never performing on any album until Chaos A.D. (1993).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sepultura discography</span>

The following is the discography of Sepultura, a Brazilian heavy metal band. Sepultura was formed in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, in 1984 by brothers Max and Igor Cavalera. After several lineup changes, Paulo Jr. and Jairo Guedz became permanent members for the band's first studio album Morbid Visions, released in 1986 through Cogumelo Records. Guitarist Jairo Guedz left Sepultura following the band's first tour and was replaced by Andreas Kisser. With the new lineup, Sepultura recorded Schizophrenia in 1987. Beneath the Remains, the first album from the band's contract with Roadrunner Records, was released in 1989, followed by Arise in 1991 and Chaos A.D. in 1993. Sepultura's best-selling album Roots, was released in 1996 and debuted at number 27 on the Billboard 200.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sarcófago</span> Brazilian extreme metal band

Sarcófago was a Brazilian extreme metal band formed in 1985. They were fronted by Sepultura's original singer, Wagner Lamounier, and Geraldo Minelli.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Refuse/Resist</span> 1994 song by Sepultura

Refuse/Resist is Sepultura's fourth single, released in 1993. The title song, also included as a single off the album Chaos A.D., is one of the band's best-known songs and remains a concert staple to this day. A music video was filmed for the single which features the band playing live at a festival intercut with footage of rioting and general unrest. This video can be found on the VHS Third World Chaos, which was later released on DVD as part of the Chaos DVD. The intro to the song is the heartbeat of Max Cavalera's then-unborn first son Zyon. This song is also notable for having a 20-second growl at the end.

<i>The Best of Sepultura</i> 2006 greatest hits album by Sepultura

The Best of Sepultura is a compilation album from Roadrunner Records, featuring a best of collection of Sepultura's music with the label. Although the track-listing after "Inner Self" is mostly a collection of the band's singles from 1991 to 1996, in its representation of the album Arise the compilation substitutes the single "Under Siege " for the album track "Desperate Cry".

<i>Arise</i> (Sepultura album) 1991 studio album by Sepultura

Arise is the fourth studio album by Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura, released in 1991 by Roadrunner Records. Upon its release, the album received top reviews from heavy metal magazines such as Rock Hard, Kerrang! and Metal Forces. Arise is considered Sepultura's finest hour among longtime fans. While the music on Arise was mostly in the same death/thrash style as their previous album, Beneath the Remains, it was clear that the Sepultura sound was acquiring an experimental edge.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arise (Sepultura song)</span> 1991 single by Sepultura

"Arise" is Sepultura's first official single, as well as the first of three to be released from the album of the same name.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Territory (song)</span> Song by Sepultura

"Territory" is Sepultura's fifth official single, and the second of the three to be taken from the album Chaos A.D., released in 1993. Like most of the band's singles, the song is one of the band's best-known songs and remains a concert staple to this day.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Attitude (Sepultura song)</span> 1996 single by Sepultura

"Attitude" is a song by Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura. It is the second single from their 1996 album Roots. The song remains a concert staple to this day. A music video was filmed for the single which features the band performing beside a mixed martial arts cage, in which various people are fighting whilst being filmed. The Gracie family also appear in the video. At the end of the video, the crowd goes crazy and destroys the cage and Max Cavalera destroys his guitar. At the very end, the band and the Gracie family are seen taking photos. This video can be found on the VHS We Are What We Are, which was later released on DVD as part of Chaos DVD.

<i>Live in São Paulo</i> (Sepultura album) 2005 live album by Sepultura

Live in São Paulo is the second live album by Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura. All the tracks were recorded on April 3, 2005, at a concert in São Paulo, Brazil. A DVD was also filmed at the show. The performance of "Refuse/Resist" was released as the single for the album. Both were released on November 8, through SPV Records. The album and DVD are the second time that fans can hear singer Derrick Green perform Max Cavalera-era Sepultura songs on an official release. A live version of "Roots Bloody Roots" featuring Green was released as a bonus track on Nation.

References

  1. ↑ Korolenko, Jason (2014). Relentless: Thirty Years of Sepultura. Rocket 88. p. 86. ISBN   978-1-906615-92-5.
  2. 1 2 3 Barcinski & Gomes 1999, page 131.
  3. 1 2 Christe (2003), Sound of the Beast , p. 264, As close to death metal as any other gold-selling record before it, Chaos A.D. stripped down Sepultura's sound into a coarse metallic loop. The CD sold half a million copies, and alongside Pantera the band forged a streetwise, death-derived groove metal that inspired an upcoming generation of mavens in the 1990s.
  4. ↑ "100 greatest heavy metal albums". NME. August 14, 2009. Retrieved November 28, 2015.
  5. ↑ "MAX CAVALERA Says PAULO JR. Didn't Play Bass On Any Early SEPULTURA Recordings". Blabbermouth.net. December 3, 2010. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
  6. ↑ "MAX CAVALERA Talks About Getting 'Kicked Out' Of SEPULTURA, Hanging Out With OZZY OSBOURNE". Blabbermouth.net. April 16, 2014. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
  7. ↑ "SEPULTURA Bassist: Reunion With MAX CAVALERA Would Have To Happen 'Naturally'". Blabbermouth.net. January 31, 2020. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
  8. ↑ "Hall of Fame Countdown: Sepultura's Arise". Decibel. February 18, 2016. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
  9. ↑ Lemos 1993, page 42.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 Barcinski & Gomes 1999, page 128.
  11. ↑ "5 Things You Didn't Know About Sepultura's 'Chaos A.D.'". Revolver. October 18, 2017. Retrieved July 15, 2020.
  12. ↑ Barcinski & Gomes 1999, page 123.
  13. 1 2 Lemos 1993, page 43.
  14. 1 2 Cavalera, Max (1993). "Refuse/Resist". Chaos A.D. (CD booklet). Sepultura. New York, NY: Roadrunner Records. p. 2.
  15. 1 2 Haagsma, Robert (1993). "Sepultura". com Aardschok/Metal Hammer. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Retrieved May 3, 2008. Archived at Sepultura.be
  16. ↑ Sepultura Chaos A.D., 1994.
  17. ↑ Noakes, Tim (August 2013). "Max Cavalera's chaos theories come true". Dazed & Confused .
  18. ↑ "They Did It All for the Nookie: Decibel Explores the Rise and Fall of Nu-Metal". Decibel. August 13, 2015. (August 13, 2005). Retrieved on September 15, 2015
  19. 1 2 McIver 2008, page 73.
  20. 1 2 Barcinski & Gomes 1999, page 126.
  21. ↑ Refuse/Resist (CD booklet). Sepultura. New York, NY: Roadrunner Records. 1994. p. 2.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  22. ↑ Mayhew, Parris (Director) (June 27, 1995). Sepultura: Third World Chaos (motion picture). United States of America: Roadrunner Records.
  23. ↑ Chaos A.D. (CD booklet). Sepultura. New York, NY: Roadrunner Records. 1993. p. 6.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  24. ↑ Cavalera, Max / Beebee, Steve. Kerrang! Magazine. #1213, June 7, 2008. Treasure Chest. An Intimate Portrait Of A Life in Rock. P. 52
  25. ↑ Barcinski & Gomes 1999, page 130.
  26. 1 2 Barcinski & Gomes 1999, page 132.
  27. 1 2 Mudrian 2004, page 189.
  28. ↑ Barcinski & Gomes 1999, page 143.
  29. ↑ "GOLD AND PLATINUM - Searchable Database". RIAA. Archived from the original on June 26, 2007. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
  30. ↑ Barcinski & Gomes 1999, page 133.
  31. ↑ Prato, Greg. "The Roots of Sepultura". AllMusic . Retrieved October 24, 2008.
  32. ↑ Placar magazine, August 1995, p. 15. Available on Google Books.
  33. 1 2 Huey, Steve. "Chaos A.D. - Sepultura". Allmusic. Retrieved July 28, 2013.
  34. ↑ Popoff, Martin (2007). The Collector's Guide to Heavy Metal: Volume 3: The Nineties. Burlington, Ontario, Canada: Collector's Guide Publishing. p. 392. ISBN   978-1-894959-62-9.
  35. 1 2 3 4 "Sepultura - Chaos A.D. CD Album". Cduniverse.com. August 20, 2001. Retrieved May 28, 2014.
  36. ↑ Darzin, Daina (May 5, 1994). "Metal Thunder". Rolling Stone . No. 681. p. 52.
  37. ↑ Kelly, Kim (June 21, 2017). "100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time". Rolling Stone . Wenner Media LLC. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
  38. ↑ "Sepultura - Chaos A.D. (CD, Album) at Discogs". Discogs.com. June 2, 2011. Retrieved May 28, 2014.
  39. ↑ "Australiancharts.com – Sepultura – Chaos A.D.". Hung Medien.
  40. ↑ "Austriancharts.at – Sepultura – Chaos A.D." (in German). Hung Medien.
  41. ↑ "Dutchcharts.nl – Sepultura – Chaos A.D." (in Dutch). Hung Medien.
  42. ↑ "Offiziellecharts.de – Sepultura – Chaos A.D." (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts.
  43. ↑ "Album Top 40 slágerlista – 1993. 44. hét" (in Hungarian). MAHASZ. Retrieved November 25, 2021.
  44. ↑ "Charts.nz – Sepultura – Chaos A.D.". Hung Medien.
  45. ↑ "Norwegiancharts.com – Sepultura – Chaos A.D.". Hung Medien.
  46. ↑ "Swedishcharts.com – Sepultura – Chaos A.D.". Hung Medien.
  47. ↑ "Swisscharts.com – Sepultura – Chaos A.D.". Hung Medien.
  48. ↑ "Sepultura | Artist | Official Charts". UK Albums Chart.
  49. ↑ "Sepultura Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard.
  50. ↑ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 1997 Albums" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association.
  51. ↑ "Dutch album certifications – Sepultura – Chaos A.D." (in Dutch). Nederlandse Vereniging van Producenten en Importeurs van beeld- en geluidsdragers.Enter Chaos A.D. in the "Artiest of titel" box. Select 1998 in the drop-down menu saying "Alle jaargangen".
  52. ↑ "British album certifications – Sepultura – Chaos A.D." British Phonographic Industry.
  53. ↑ "American album certifications – Sepultura – Chaos A.D." Recording Industry Association of America.

Works cited

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.