China Railways KD1

Specifications
Configuration:;
• Whyte	2-8-0
Gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Driver dia.	1,270 mm (50 in)
Adhesive weight	As built: 69.70 t; (68.60 long tons); Rebuilt: 69.97 t; (68.86 long tons)
Loco weight	As built: 77.80 t; (76.57 long tons); Rebuilt: 78.56 t; (77.32 long tons)
Fuel type	Coal
Firebox:; • Firegrate area	As built: 3.18 m2 (34.2 sq ft); Rebuilt: 3.16 m2 (34.0 sq ft)
Boiler pressure	12.7 kgf/cm2 (181 psi)
Cylinder size	As built: 559 mm × 660 mm; (22.0 in × 26.0 in); Rebuilt: 560 mm × 660 mm; (22 in × 26 in)

Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Builder	ALCo (Paterson Works)
Build date	1907–1908
Total produced	41

China Railways KD1; Mantetsu Sorii class (ソリイ); Manchukuo National Sorina class (ソリナ)
Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Builder	ALCo (Paterson Works)
Build date	1907–1908
Total produced	41
Specifications
Configuration:;
• Whyte	2-8-0
Gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Driver dia.	1,270 mm (50 in)
Adhesive weight	As built: 69.70 t; (68.60 long tons); Rebuilt: 69.97 t; (68.86 long tons)
Loco weight	As built: 77.80 t; (76.57 long tons); Rebuilt: 78.56 t; (77.32 long tons)
Fuel type	Coal
Firebox:; • Firegrate area	As built: 3.18 m2 (34.2 sq ft); Rebuilt: 3.16 m2 (34.0 sq ft)
Boiler pressure	12.7 kgf/cm2 (181 psi)
Cylinder size	As built: 559 mm × 660 mm; (22.0 in × 26.0 in); Rebuilt: 560 mm × 660 mm; (22 in × 26 in)
Career
Operators	South Manchuria Railway ; Sitao Railway ; Manchukuo National Railway ; China Railway
Class	SMR: H1 (1907–1920); SMR: ソリイ (1920–1938); MNR: ソリナ (1933–1938); SMR/MNR: ソリイ (1938–1945); CR: KD1
Number in class	41
Numbers	SMR: 3–7 (1907); SMR: 1002–1032, 1053–1067;; subs. 1002–1047 (1907–1920); SMR: ソリイ1002–1047 (1920–1938); MNR: ソリナ6200–6214 (1933–1938); SMR: ソリイ1–26 (1935–1945); MNR: ソリイ501–515 (1938–1945)

Last updated March 19, 2019

The China Railways KD1 class locomotives were a class of 2-8-0 steam locomotives operated by China Railway, originally built for the South Manchuria Railway (Mantetsu) and the Manchukuo National Railway by ALCo of the United States in 1907 and 1908. The "Sori" name comes from the American naming system for steam locomotives, in which the 2-8-0 wheel arrangement is called "Consolidation".

Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-8-0 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, usually in a leading truck, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles and no trailing wheels. In the United States and elsewhere, this wheel arrangement is commonly known as a Consolidation, after the Lehigh and Mahanoy Railroad’s Consolidation, the name of the first 2-8-0.

A steam locomotive is a type of railway locomotive that produces its pulling power through a steam engine. These locomotives are fueled by burning combustible material – usually coal, wood, or oil – to produce steam in a boiler. The steam moves reciprocating pistons which are mechanically connected to the locomotive's main wheels (drivers). Both fuel and water supplies are carried with the locomotive, either on the locomotive itself or in wagons (tenders) pulled behind.

China Railway, commonly known as CR, full name China Railway Corporation is a state-owned sole proprietorship enterprise that undertakes railway passenger and cargo transportation services in the People's Republic of China and is a state-owned industrial enterprise established under the "Law of the People's Republic of China on All-Ownership Industrial Enterprises." The Ministry of Finance acts on behalf of the State Council to perform the duties of shareholders. It used to be part of the now defunct Ministry of Railways. China Railway operates passenger and freight transport via 21 subsidiaries.

History

After ordering two 2-8-0 tender locomotives from ALCO in 1906 which became the class H, Mantetsu returned to ALCO again for more, receiving five new engines in 1907 from ALCO's Cooke works in New Jersey. Initially numbered 3 through 7, these became class H1 in the new classification system introduced that year, under which system they were renumbered 1002 through 1006, and through the end of 1908 a total of 46 were delivered, numbered 1002–1032 and 1053–1067; they were soon renumbered 1002 through 1047. Initially used only on the mainline, from 1912 they were also used on the Anfeng Line on both goods trains and mixed trains. In 1920, another change to Mantetsu's classification system led to the H1 class becoming the Sorii class (ソリイ), whilst retaining their previous numbers. Between 1923 and 1925 they were rebuilt with superheaters, and between 1927 and 1931, seventeen were transferred to the Fushun Coal Mine. In 1931, seven were loaned to the Sitao Railway,^[1] and during the time of the Mukden Incident, some were used to pull military trains and armoured trains. In 1933, number 1002 was transferred to the army to be used to build a prototype for an armoured train. Between 1933 and 1936, fifteen were transferred to the Manchukuo National Railway where they were designated Sorina class (ソリナ), and between 1934 and 1936, Mantetsu assigned some to work on the North Chosen Line. With the introduction of the final new classification scheme, the Mantetsu Sorii and Manchukuo National Sorina classes were unified as the Sorii class, with the Mantetsu engines numbered 1–9, and the Manchukuo National units becoming numbers 501–515. In 1942, the engines that had been transferred to the Fushun mines were returned to Mantetsu, becoming numbers 10 through 26.

The China Railways KD23 class locomotive was a class of 2-8-0 steam locomotives operated by the China Railway. Originally amongst the first locomotives ordered by the South Manchuria Railway (Mantetsu), they were built by ALCo of the United States in 1906, and they were later operated by the privately owned Jichang Jidun Railway and its successor, the Manchukuo National Railway. The "Sori" name comes from the American naming system for steam locomotives, in which the 2-8-0 wheel arrangement is called "Consolidation".

New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Northeastern United States. It is a peninsula, bordered on the north and east by the state of New York, particularly along the extent of the length of New York City on its western edge; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware River and Pennsylvania; and on the southwest by the Delaware Bay and Delaware. New Jersey is the fourth-smallest state by area but the 11th-most populous, with 9 million residents as of 2017, and the most densely populated of the 50 U.S. states; its biggest city is Newark. New Jersey lies completely within the combined statistical areas of New York City and Philadelphia and was the second-wealthiest U.S. state by median household income as of 2017.

A superheater is a device used to convert saturated steam or wet steam into superheated steam or dry steam. Superheated steam is used in steam turbines for electricity generation, steam engines, and in processes such as steam reforming. There are three types of superheaters: radiant, convection, and separately fired. A superheater can vary in size from a few tens of feet to several hundred feet.

Owner	Class & numbers (1907)	Class & numbers (1907–1920)	Class & numbers (1920–1938)	Class & numbers (1938–1945)
Mantetsu	3–7	H1-1002–H1-1032, H1-1053–H1-1067 later H1-1002–H1-1047	ソリイ1002–ソリイ1047	ソリイ1–ソリイ26
Manchukuo National	-	-	ソリナ6200–ソリナ6214	ソリイ501–ソリイ515

Postwar

After the end of the Pacific War, 23 Sorii class locomotives remained on the rosters of Mantetsu and Manchukuo National, with the other 18 thought to have been scrapped or transferred to other railways, including the North China Transportation Company. Of the 23, five were assigned to each of the Jinzhou and Qiqihar Railway Bureaux, four to the Mudanjiang bureau and one to the Harbin bureau, three were on loan to the Construction Office, three were on loan to other railways, with the disposition of the remaining two being unclear; these 23 were taken over by the Republic of China Railway. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, these locomotives were designated class MK1.^[1]

The Pacific War, sometimes called the Asia–Pacific War, was the theater of World War II that was fought in the Pacific and Asia. It was fought over a vast area that included the Pacific Ocean and islands, the South West Pacific, South-East Asia, and in China.

The North China Transportation Company was a transportation company in the territory of the collaborationist Provisional Government of the Republic of China during the Japanese occupation.

Jinzhou Prefecture-level city in Liaoning, Peoples Republic of China

Jinzhou is a prefecture-level city of Liaoning province, People's Republic of China. It is a geographically strategic city located in the "Liaoxi Corridor" (辽西走廊), which connects land transportation between North China and Northeast China. Jinzhou is China's northernmost seaport and the coastal economic center of West Liaoning on the north-western shore of the Bohai Sea. The total area under the jurisdiction of Jinzhou is 10,111 square kilometres (3,904 sq mi), most of which is rural, encompassing a coastline of 97.7 km (60.7 mi).

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References

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China Railways KD1

Contents

History

Postwar

Related Research Articles

References