Chondrilla nucula

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Chondrilla nucula
Chondrilla nucula Capo Gallo 033.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Family: Chondrillidae
Genus: Chondrilla
Species:
C. nucula
Binomial name
Chondrilla nucula
Schmidt, 1862
Synonyms
  • Chondrilla embolophoraSchmidt, 1862

Chondrilla nucula, sometimes called the Caribbean chicken-liver sponge, is a species of sea sponge belonging to the family Chondrillidae.

It is an amorphous shaped sponge that grows in flat, sometimes bulbous sheets in benthic communities. It is sometimes found in marginal, stressful systems such as caves. Such sponges are white, lacking access to sunlight, and photosymbionts. It is known to be preyed upon by the hawksbill turtle, Eretmochelys imbricata . [1]

The chondrilla nucula species has experienced changes and differences in its morphology over the course of its life, but it is still the same species with similar morphotypes despite these changes and differences.

This sponge has been found to contain strains of bacteria that contained antimicrobial properties. These properties have been shown to inhibit certain bacteria which are harmful to human including Staphylococcus aureus. [2]

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Aplysina cauliformis, also known as the row pore rope sponge or rope sponge, is a species of sea sponge in the family Aplysinidae. It is commonly found in shallow reefs across the tropical Atlantic Ocean, including the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. This sponge typically exhibits a brownish-pink or purple coloration and branches as parts of its morphology. It was first described by H.J. Carter in 1882 under the name Luffaria cauliformis.

References

  1. Meylan, Anne (1988-01-12). "Spongivory in Hawksbill Turtles: A Diet of Glass". Science. 239 (4838). American Association for the Advancement of Science: 393–395. Bibcode:1988Sci...239..393M. doi:10.1126/science.239.4838.393. JSTOR   1700236. PMID   17836872. S2CID   22971831.
  2. Chelossi, Elizabetta (2007). "Bacteria with Antimicrobial Properties Isolated from the Mediterranean Sponges Chondrilla Nucula and Petrosia Ficiformis". Aquatic Microbial Ecology. 49 (2): 157–163. doi: 10.3354/ame01134 .