Erotylidae

Last updated

Pleasing fungus beetles
Temporal range: Barremian–Recent
Triplax russica.jpg
Triplax russica
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Suborder: Polyphaga
Infraorder: Cucujiformia
Superfamily: Cucujoidea
Family: Erotylidae
Latreille, 1802  [1]
Subfamilies
Toramus pulchellus Toramus pulchellus P1130969a.jpg
Toramus pulchellus
Ischyrus quadripunctatus Ischyrus quadripunctatus P1390172a.jpg
Ischyrus quadripunctatus
Acropteroxys gracilis (tribe Languriini) Acropteroxys gracilis.jpg
Acropteroxys gracilis (tribe Languriini)

Erotylidae, or the pleasing fungus beetles, is a family of beetles belonging to Cucujoidea containing over 100 genera. In the present circumscription, it contains 6 tribes (Tritomini, Dacnini, Megalodacnini, Erotylini, Cryptophilini, and Languriini) and 10 subfamilies (Cryptophilinae, Dacninae, Encaustinae, Erotylinae, Languriinae, Loberinae, Megalodacninae, Pharaxonothinae, Tritominae, and Xenoscelinae). [1] In other words, the narrowly circumscribed Erotylidae correspond to the subfamily Erotylinae in the definition sensu lato . There are doubts on the monophyly of lower ranked taxa within Erotylidae, with further phylogenetic studies requiring better sampling and studies of unexplored character sets, for example the metendosternite and penile flagellum, which are generally lacking detailed morphological studies within the Coleoptera literature. [2] The Eroytlina taxonomy is based on traits such as their different colors and not off morphological differences like mouthparts, thorax, and abdominal terminalia (Pecci-Maddalena). [3]

Contents

Erotylidae feed on plant and fungal matter; some are important pollinators (e.g. of the ancient cycads), while a few have gained notoriety as pests of some significance. Sometimes, useful and harmful species are found in one genus, e.g. Pharaxonotha . Most pleasing fungus beetles, however, are inoffensive animals of little significance to humans.

The oldests fossil is an undescribed specimen known from Early Cretaceous (Barremian) Lebanese amber. [4]

Selected genera

These 160 genera belong to the family Erotylidae:

Data sources: i = ITIS, [5] c = Catalogue of Life, [6] g = GBIF, [7] b = Bugguide.net [8]

Related Research Articles

<i>Tritoma</i> Genus of beetles

Tritoma is a genus of beetles in the family Erotylidae, the pleasing fungus beetles. It is distributed worldwide, mainly in the Old World. There are over 100 species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zopheridae</span> Family of beetles

Zopheridae is a family of beetles belonging to Tenebrionoidea. It has grown considerably in recent years as the members of two other families have been included within its circumscription; these former families are the Monommatidae and the Colydiidae, which are now both included in the Zopheridae as subfamilies or even as tribe of subfamily Zopherinae. Some authors accept up to six subfamilies here, while others merge all except the Colydiinae into the Zopherinae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cryptophagidae</span> Family of beetles

Cryptophagidae is a family of beetles with representatives found in all biogeographic realms. Members of this family are commonly called silken fungus beetles and both adults and larvae appear to feed exclusively on fungi although in a wide variety of habitats and situations, such as rotting wood and shed animal fur and feathers. These beetles vary from about 1 to 11 millimeters long, and usually have an oval body shape with a slight "waist".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Endomychidae</span> Family of beetles

Endomychidae, or handsome fungus beetles, is a family of beetles with representatives found in all biogeographic realms. There are around 120 genera and 1300 species. The family was established based on the type genus Endomychus, a genus erected in 1795 by Panzer which was applied to a species that Linnaeus called Chrysomela coccinea. As the common name suggests, Endomychidae feed on fungi. Crowson, in his influential treatment of the beetles, placed the family within the Cucujoidea. They have a tarsal formal of 4-4-4 or 3-3-3 and the wings lack a closed radial cell. The second antennal segment has a sensory appendage that is as long as the third antennal segment. The family has also been grouped with the Coccinellidae in a group called the Trimera for having pseudotrimerous tarsi. A 2015 molecular phylogeny study found that the Cucujoidea were found to be non-monophyletic and the Endomychidae was refined with the removal of the Anamorphinae from within the family and elevated to the status of a full family, Anamorphidae. Mycetaeinae and Eupsilobiinae were also found not to belong within the clades of the core Endomychidae, and likewise reclassified into the families Mycetaeidae and Eupsilobiidae.

<i>Megalodacne</i> Genus of beetles

Megalodacne is a genus of fungivorous beetles in the family Erotylidae.

Ischyrus dunedinensis, the three-spotted pleasing fungus beetle, is a species of pleasing fungus beetle in the family Erotylidae. It is found in North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Erotylinae</span> Subfamily of beetles

Erotylinae is a subfamily of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anamorphidae</span> Family of beetles

Anamorphidae is a family of beetles in the superfamily Coccinelloidea, formerly included within the family Endomychidae. They are found worldwide. Like enchomyids, they are fungivores, with adult and larval stages thought to exclusively consume fungal spores.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tritomini</span> Tribe of beetles

Tritomini is a tribe of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae. There are about 7 genera and at least 30 described species in Tritomini.

<i>Toramus</i> Genus of beetles

Toramus is a genus of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae. There are about nine described species in Toramus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Languriini</span> Tribe of beetles

Languriini is a tribe of beetles, known as lizard beetles, in the family Erotylidae, subfamily Languriinae. Lizard beetles are commonly found on leaves or flowers, and their larvae bore into plant stems. Adults are generally long and parallel-sided with a red thorax. There are about 5 genera and at least 20 described species in Languriini.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Xenoscelinae</span> Subfamily of beetles

Xenoscelinae is a subfamily of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae. There are about 8 genera and 12 described species in Xenoscelinae.

<i>Pharaxonotha</i> Genus of beetles

Pharaxonotha is a genus of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae. There are at least three described species in Pharaxonotha.

<i>Loberus</i> Genus of beetles

Loberus is a genus of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae. There are about 16 described species in Loberus.

Pseudischyrus is a genus of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae. There are at least four described species in Pseudischyrus.

Haematochiton is a genus of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae. There are at least three described species in Haematochiton.

<i>Cryptophilus</i> Genus of beetles

Cryptophilus is a genus of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae. There are about nine described species in Cryptophilus.

Hapalips is a genus of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae. There are about 12 described species in Hapalips.

<i>Cypherotylus</i> Genus of beetles

Cypherotylus is a genus of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae. There are over 30 described species in Cypherotylus. It frequently appears in the literature under the name "Gibbifer", but this name is permanently unavailable under ICZN Article 11.4, as are all of Voet's names.

<i>Dacne</i> Genus of beetles

Dacne is a genus of pleasing fungus beetles in the family Erotylidae. There are about 19 described species in Dacne.

References

  1. 1 2 "Erotylidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
  2. Pecci-Maddalena, Italo Salvatore De Castro; Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano; Skelley, Paul (2021). "The metendosternite and penile flagellum: two unexplored character systems of pleasing fungus beetles (Coleoptera: Erotylidae)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 193 (3): 953–972. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa152.
  3. Italo Salvatore de Castro Pecci-Maddalena; et al. (2021). "Erotylina Curran (Coleoptera, Erotylidae, Erotylini): redescription of type species, potential species groups and diversity of color patterns". Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências. 93 (4): e20201452. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202120201452 . PMID   34586321. S2CID   238219028.
  4. Peris, David; Ruzzier, Enrico; Perrichot, Vincent; Delclòs, Xavier (July 2016). "Evolutionary and paleobiological implications of Coleoptera (Insecta) from Tethyan-influenced Cretaceous ambers". Geoscience Frontiers. 7 (4): 695–706. doi: 10.1016/j.gsf.2015.12.007 . hdl: 2445/100747 . S2CID   56018971.
  5. "Erotylidae Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2018-03-22.
  6. "Browse Erotylidae". Catalogue of Life. Retrieved 2018-03-22.
  7. "Erotylidae". GBIF. Retrieved 2018-03-22.
  8. "Erotylidae Family Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-03-22.