Eucalyptus umbra

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Broad-leaved white mahogany
Eucalyptus umbra.jpg
Eucalyptus umbra near Gympie
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. umbra
Binomial name
Eucalyptus umbra
bark (in Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park) Eucalyptus umbra - Elvina Track.jpg
bark (in Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park)
fruit Eucalyptus umbra fruit.jpg
fruit

Eucalyptus umbra, known as the broad-leaved white mahogany, [2] is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to northern New South Wales. It has rough, fibrous to stringy bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven to fifteen, white flowers and cup-shaped to hemispherical fruit.

Contents

Description

Eucalyptus umbra is a tree that typically grows to a height of 25 m (82 ft) and forms a lignotuber. Young plants and coppice regrowth have sessile leaves that are broadly egg-shaped to lance shaped, 80–200 mm (3.1–7.9 in) long, 35–100 mm (1.4–3.9 in) wide, held horizontally and arranged in opposite pairs with the bases surrounding the stem. Adult leaves are arranged alternately, the same shade of green on both sides, lance-shaped to curved, 60–180 mm (2.4–7.1 in) long and 15–45 mm (0.59–1.77 in) wide, tapering to a petiole 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in) long. The flower buds are mostly arranged in panicles on the ends of branchlets on a peduncle 6–20 mm (0.24–0.79 in) long, the individual buds on pedicels 3–7 mm (0.12–0.28 in) long. Mature buds are oval, about 6 mm (0.24 in) long and 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) wide with a conical to beaked operculum. Flowering occurs from September to February and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody cup-shaped to hemispherical capsule 3–7 mm (0.12–0.28 in) long and 6–10 mm (0.24–0.39 in) wide with the valves near rim level or below it. [2] [3] [4] [5]

Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus umbra was first formally described in 1901 by Richard Thomas Baker in Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales . [6] [7] The specific epithet is a Latin word meaning "shade" or "shadow", possibly referring to the shade provided by the tree. [3]

Distribution and habitat

The broad-leaved white mahogany occurs in the high rainfall coastal areas of New South Wales between Sydney and Grafton. It grows in dry sclerophyll forest or woodland, usually on poor shallow dry soils. [2] It differs from the white mahogany ( Eucalyptus latisinensis ) of coastal Queensland in having broader juvenile leaves. [3]

Eucalyptus umbra is part of the white mahogany group as recognised by Ken Hill. Others in the group include E. acmenoides , E. mediocris , E. carnea , E. apothalassica , E. helidonica , E. psammitica and E. latisinensis . [8]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Eucalyptus fibrosa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus fibrosa, commonly known as the red ironbark, broad-leaved red ironbark or broad-leaved red ironbark, is a species of medium-sized to tall tree endemic to eastern Australia. It has grey to black ironbark, lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus melanophloia</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus melanophloia, commonly known as silver-leaved ironbark, is a species of tree that is endemic to northeastern Australia. It is a small to medium-sized tree with rough, hard ironbark on the trunk and branches. The crown is usually composed of juvenile leaves that are dull, glaucous, sessile and arranged in opposite pairs. The flower buds are arranged in groups of seven, the flowers white and the fruit cup-shaped to hemispherical.

<i>Eucalyptus polybractea</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus polybractea, commonly known as the blue-leaved mallee or simply blue mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has rough, fibrous or flaky bark on the lower part of the trunk, smooth greyish or brownish bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and cup-shaped or barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus caliginosa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus caliginosa, commonly known as broad-leaved stringybark or New England stringybark, is a tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has stringy bark, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and more or less hemispherical fruit. It is common on the Northern Tablelands and North West Slopes of New South Wales and adjacent areas of Queensland.

<i>Eucalyptus longifolia</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus longifolia, commonly known as woollybutt, is a species of medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has thick, fibrous bark on the trunk and larger branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and cup-shaped to cylindrical or hemispherical fruit. The drooping flower heads in groups of three are a distinguishing feature. It grows in heavy soils often near water.

<i>Eucalyptus oreades</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus oreades, commonly known as the Blue Mountains ash, white ash or smooth-barked mountain ash, is a species of medium-sized to tall tree that is native to eastern Australia. It has smooth, powdery whitish bark with rough bark near the base, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped to cylindrical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus acmenoides</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus acmenoides, commonly known as white mahogany or barayly, is a tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a large tree with grey to reddish brown, stringy bark, lance-shaped leaves, oval to spindle-shaped buds and more or less hemispherical fruits. The two sides of adult leaves are very different shades of green.

<i>Eucalyptus racemosa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus racemosa, commonly known as snappy gum or narrow-leaved scribbly gum, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has smooth, mottled bark, lance-shaped to curved or egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and fifteen, white flowers and cup-shaped, conical or hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus scias</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus scias, known as the large-fruited red mahogany, is a species of small, straggly to medium-sized tree that is endemic to the high rainfall coastal areas of New South Wales. It has rough, fibrous bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three or seven, white flowers and cup-shaped, conical or bell-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus tindaliae</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus tindaliae, commonly known as Tindal's stringybark, is a species of tree that is endemic to coastal eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy bark on the trunk and larger branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between nine and fifteen, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Corymbia henryi</i> Species of plant

Corymbia henryi, commonly known as large-leaved spotted gum, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to north-eastern Australia. It has smooth, mottled bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white or lemon yellow flowers and barrel-shaped to urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus psammitica</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus psammitica, commonly known as bastard white mahogany, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy or fibrous, prickly bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and cup-shaped to hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus seeana</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus seeana, or narrow-leaved red gum, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus tetrodonta</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus tetrodonta, commonly known as Darwin stringybark or messmate, is a species of medium-sized to tall tree that is endemic to northern Australia. It has rough, stringy or fibrous bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flowers buds in groups of three, whitish to cream-coloured flowers and cylindrical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus carnea</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus carnea, known as the thick-leaved mahogany or broad-leaved white mahogany, is a species of tree that is endemic to coastal areas of eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy bark from the trunk to the thinnest branches, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and cup-shaped to hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus tenuipes</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus tenuipes, known as the narrow-leaved white mahogany, is a species of small tree that is endemic to Queensland. It has rough, fibrous bark, narrow lance-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flower buds in group of eleven to twenty, white flowers and spherical to hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus helidonica</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus helidonica is a species of tree that is endemic to an area near Helidon in Queensland. It has rough, finely fibrous bark, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves that are paler on the lower surface, flower buds in groups of eleven or more, white flowers and shortened spherical or barrel-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus latisinensis, commonly known as white mahogany, is a species of tree that is endemic to Queensland. It has rough, fibrous to stringy bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven to eleven or more, white flowers and shortened spherical to hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus platyphylla</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus platyphylla, commonly known as poplar gum or white gum, is a species of medium-sized tree that is endemic to Queensland. It has smooth. powdery bark, heart-shaped, egg-shaped to almost round leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and conical to hemispherical fruit.

References

  1. "Eucalyptus umbra". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 "Eucalyptus umbra". PlantNET - NSW Flora Online. Retrieved 24 February 2010.
  3. 1 2 3 "Eucalyptus umbra". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  4. Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus umbra". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  5. Boland, Douglas J.; Brooker, M. Ian H.; Chippendale, George M.; Hall, Norman; Hyland, Bernard P.M.; Johnston, Robert D.; Kleinig, David A.; McDonald, Maurice W.; Turner, John D. (2006). Forest trees of Australia (5th ed.). Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing. p. 524. ISBN   0643069690.
  6. "Eucalyptus umbra". APNI. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  7. Baker, Richard Thomas (1901). "On some new species of Eucalyptus". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 25 (4): 687–689. doi: 10.5962/bhl.part.12184 . Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  8. "More about White Mahoganies". Euclid. CSIRO. Archived from the original on 14 April 2019. Retrieved 28 October 2018.