Eucalyptus acmenoides

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White mahogany
Eucalyptus acmenoides Eastwood.JPG
White mahogany near its southernmost limit of distribution, at Eastwood, Australia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. acmenoides
Binomial name
Eucalyptus acmenoides
Synonyms [2]
  • Eucalyptus acmenioidesSchauer orth. var.
  • Eucalyptus acmenoidesSchauer var. acmenoides
  • Eucalyptus contracta L.A.S.Johnson & K.D.Hill
  • Eucalyptus pilularis var. acmenoides(Schauer) Benth.
  • Eucalyptus portuensisK.D.Hill
  • Eucalyptus uvidaK.D.Hill

Eucalyptus acmenoides, commonly known as white mahogany or barayly, [3] is a tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a large tree with grey to reddish brown, stringy bark, lance-shaped leaves, oval to spindle-shaped buds and more or less hemispherical fruits. The two sides of adult leaves are very different shades of green.

Contents

Description

Eucalyptus acmenoides is a tree that grows to a height of 50 metres (164 ft) or more, although only half that height in dry sites. It has thin stringy or fibrous, grey to reddish brown bark. Leaves on young trees are egg-shaped to broadly lance-shaped glossy green, up to 120 mm (5 in) long and 30 mm (1 in) wide. Adult leaves are lance-shaped, glossy green but much paler on the lower side, 80–120 mm (3–5 in) long and 15–25 mm (0.6–1 in) wide. The flowers are arranged in groups of mostly between seven and eleven on an angular peduncle 6–15 mm (0.2–0.6 in) long, individual flowers on a cylindrical pedicel 2–6 mm (0.08–0.2 in) long. The buds are oval to spindle-shaped, 5–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long and 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide. The operculum is conical or beak-shaped, about as long and wide as the flower cup. The fruit is a globe-shaped to hemispherical capsule, 4–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long and 4–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide. [4] [5] [6]

Taxonomy

Eucalyptus acmenoides was first formally described in 1843 by Johannes Conrad Schauer from a specimen collected by Allan Cunningham in a forest in New South Wales in January 1817. The description was published in Wilhelm Gerhard Walpers' book Repertorium Botanices Systematicae (Volume 2). [7] [8] The specific epithet (acmenoides) refers to a similarity to plants in the genus Acmena . [9]

This tree is sometimes referred to as the yellow stringybark in parts of Queensland, however, despite the rough and somewhat stringy bark, this tree is considered to be in the mahogany group of eucalyptus. [10]

Eucalyptus acmenoides is part of the white mahogany group as recognised by Ken Hill. The others in the group are E. mediocris , E. apothalassica , E. carnea , E. helidonica , E. latisinensis , E. psammitica and E. umbra . [11]

Distribution and habitat

White mahogany grows in wet forest and woodland, in deeper soils with reliable moisture and is found between areas near the Atherton Tableland in Queensland and south to Port Jackson. It is found from sea level to altitudes of 1,000 m (3,000 ft). It is most common in warm humid to tropical climates where the annual average rainfall is between 1,000 and 1,700 mm (40 and 70 in). [5] [10]

Timber

White mahogany is well regarded for the high quality of timber. The timber has various uses, including heavy engineering, poles, railway sleepers, bridge and wharf construction, framing, decking stumps, fence posts, joists, flooring, plates and weatherboarding.

The sapwood is usually not attacked by the lyctus borer. Heartwood is light, of a pale yellowish brown. The texture is medium and even. Grain structure is uniform, however at times it can be interlocked.

Timber somewhat similar to the tallowwood, but not quite as greasy. Wood resistant to termites. Timber is hard, heavy, strong, tough and durable. Around 1000 kilograms per cubic metre.

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<i>Eucalyptus miniata</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus umbra</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Melaleuca sieberi</i> Species of shrub

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<i>Eucalyptus psammitica</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus oligantha</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus pruinosa</i> Species of tree

Eucalyptus pruinosa, commonly known as silver box, silver leaf box, apple box or smoke tree, is a species of tree or a mallee that is endemic to northern Australia. The Jaminjung peoples know the tree as yarrirra or jarnbiny, the Jaru as wararn and the Wagiman as wararn. It has rough, fibrous to flaky bark on the trunk and branches, a crown composed of juvenile, glaucous, heart-shaped to broadly elliptical leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flower buds arranged in groups of seven on the ends of branches, creamy white to pale yellow flowers and cylindrical to conical fruit.

<i>Corymbia clavigera</i> Species of plant

Corymbia clavigera, commonly known as apple gum or cabbage gum, is a species of tree that is endemic to a small area in the north-west Kimberley region of Western Australia. It has smooth, pale grey and white bark, lance-shaped or elliptical adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three or seven, white flowers and urn-shaped to barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Corymbia ferruginea</i> Species of plant

Corymbia ferruginea, commonly known as rusty bloodwood, is a species of tree that is endemic to northern Australia. It has rough, tessellated bark on the trunk and branches, a crown of sessile juvenile leaves, flower buds in groups of three or seven, pale creamy yellow flowers and urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus carnea</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus carnea, known as the thick-leaved mahogany or broad-leaved white mahogany, is a species of tree that is endemic to coastal areas of eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy bark from the trunk to the thinnest branches, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and cup-shaped to hemispherical fruit.

<i>Corymbia setosa</i> Species of plant

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Eucalyptus latisinensis, commonly known as white mahogany, is a species of tree that is endemic to Queensland. It has rough, fibrous to stringy bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven to eleven or more, white flowers and shortened spherical to hemispherical fruit.

<i>Kunzea phylicoides</i> Species of flowering plant

Kunzea phylicoides, commonly known as the slender burgan, is a flowering plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is an erect shrub with drooping branches, fibrous or corky bark, bright green, narrow leaves and clusters of white flowers in spring.

<i>Leptospermum divaricatum</i> Species of shrub

Leptospermum divaricatum is a species of plant that is endemic to inland New South Wales. It is an erect or weeping shrub with compact fibrous bark, elliptical to egg-shaped leaves, white flowers arranged singly on short axillary side shoots and woody fruit that fall off when mature.

Leptospermum speciosum is a species of shrub that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has pale bark that is shed in strips, broadly lance-shaped to elliptical leaves, white flowers arranged singly or in groups of up to three in leaf axils, and small, woody fruit that falls off when mature.

References

  1. ↑ Fensham, R.; Collingwood, T.; Laffineur, B. (2019). "Eucalyptus acmenoides". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T133374666A133374668. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T133374666A133374668.en . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 "Eucalyptus acmenoides". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
  3. ↑ Les Robinson - Field Guide to the Native Plants of Sydney, ISBN   978-0-7318-1211-0 page 40
  4. ↑ Hill, Ken D. (1999). "A taxonomic revision of the white mahoganies, Eucalyptus series Acmenoideae (Myrtaceae)". Telopea. 8 (2): 227–228. doi: 10.7751/telopea19993002 .
  5. 1 2 Chippendale, George McCartney. "Eucalyptus acmenoides". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  6. ↑ Hill, Ken. "Eucalyptus acmenoides". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  7. ↑ "Eucalyptus acmenoides". APNI. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  8. ↑ Schauer, Johannes Conrad; Walpers, Wilhelm Gerhard (ed.) (1843). Repertorium botanices systematicae (Volume 2). New York. p. 924. Retrieved 14 February 2019.{{cite book}}: |first2= has generic name (help)
  9. ↑ "Eucalyptus acmenoides". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 13 September 2019.
  10. 1 2 Boland, Douglas J.; Brooker, Ian; Chippendale, George M. (2006). Forest trees of Australia (5th. ed.). Collingwood: CSIRO Publishing. p. 270. ISBN   0643069690.
  11. ↑ "More about White Mahoganies". Euclid. CSIRO. Archived from the original on 14 April 2019. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
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