Gryphaeidae

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Gryphaeidae
Temporal range: Early Triassic to Recent
Gryphaea arcuata Lamarck, 1801 (France).JPG
Specimens of Gryphaea articulata from the Jurassic of France
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Order: Ostreida
Superfamily: Ostreoidea
Family: Gryphaeidae
Vyalov, 1936
Genera

See text

Praeexogyra hebridica from the Frome Clay (Bathonian, Middle Jurassic) of Langton Herring, Dorset, England. Langton Herring Praeexogyra hebridica var elongata Frome Clay Bathonian.jpg
Praeexogyra hebridica from the Frome Clay (Bathonian, Middle Jurassic) of Langton Herring, Dorset, England.
Liostrea strigilecula from the Carmel Formation (Middle Jurassic) of southwestern Utah. Liostrea strigilecula Mid Jurassic SW Utah.jpg
Liostrea strigilecula from the Carmel Formation (Middle Jurassic) of southwestern Utah.

The Gryphaeidae, common name the foam oysters or honeycomb oysters, are a family of marine bivalve mollusks. This family of bivalves is very well represented in the fossil record, however the number of living species is very few.

Contents

All species have shells cemented to a substrate. Shells are considered brittle, inequivalve, with the left, lower (cemented) valve convex and the right (upper, non-cemented) valve flat or slightly concave. [2]

Subfamilies

Genera and species within this family are divided into three subfamilies, Exogyrinae, Gryphaeinae and Pycnodonteinae. Both Exogyrinae and Gryphaeinae are completely extinct. Only two genera Hyotissa and Neopycnodonte in the subfamily Pycnodonteinae have extant species. [3] [4] [5]

Genera and species

Genera and species within the family Gryphaeidae include: Family GryphaeidaeVialov, 1936 (some genera also known as Devil's toenails)

Related Research Articles

<i>Gryphaea</i> Genus of molluscs (fossil)

Gryphaea, one of the genera known as devil's toenails, is a genus of extinct oysters, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Gryphaeidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ostreidae</span> Family of molluscs

The Ostreidae, the true oysters, include most species of molluscs commonly consumed as oysters. Pearl oysters are not true oysters, and belong to the order Pteriida.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Veneridae</span> Family of bivalves

The Veneridae or venerids, common name: Venus clams, are a very large family of minute to large, saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs. Over 500 living species of venerid bivalves are known, most of which are edible, and many of which are exploited as food sources.

<i>Ostrea</i> Genus of bivalves

Ostrea is a genus of edible oysters, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Ostreidae, the oysters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rapaninae</span> Subfamily of gastropods

Rapaninae is a subfamily of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae.

<i>Fasciolaria</i> Genus of gastropods

Tulip snail or tulip shell is the common name for eight species of large, predatory, subtropical and tropical sea snails from the Western Atlantic. These species are in the genus Fasciolaria. They are marine gastropod mollusks in the family Fasciolariidae, the spindle shells, tulip shells and their allies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marginellidae</span> Family of sea snails

Marginellidae, or the margin shells, are a taxonomic family of small, often colorful, sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Neogastropoda.

<i>Xenophora</i> Genus of gastropods

Xenophora, commonly called carrier shells, is a genus of medium-sized to large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Xenophoridae, the carrier snails or carrier shells. The genus Xenophora is the type genus of the family Xenophoridae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plicatulidae</span> Family of bivalves

The Plicatulidae are a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks, known commonly as kitten's paws or kittenpaws. These bivalves are related to oysters and scallops. The family has a single living genus, Plicatula, with a second, Harpax known from fossils.

<i>Exogyra</i> Extinct genus of bivalves

Exogyra is an extinct genus of fossil marine oysters in the family Gryphaeidae, the foam oysters or honeycomb oysters. These bivalves were cemented by the more cupped left valve. The right valve is flatter, and the beak is curved to one side. Exogyra lived on solid substrates in warm seas during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giant honeycomb oyster</span> Species of bivalve

The giant honeycomb oyster is a very large saltwater oyster, a marine bivalve mollusk.

<i>Pycnodonte</i> Extinct genus of bivalves

Pycnodonte is a genus of extinct oysters, fossil marine bivalve mollusks in the family Gryphaeidae, the foam oysters or honeycomb oysters. Shells of species in this genus are found around the world in fossil shell beds from the Valanginian to the Early Pleistocene. They are a commonly found fossil in Cretaceous shellbeds of the Navesink Formation in New Jersey.

<i>Conus caracteristicus</i> Species of sea snail

Conus caracteristicus, common name the characteristic cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.

<i>Hyotissa</i> Genus of bivalves

Hyotissa is a genus of large saltwater oysters, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Gryphaeidae.

Hyotissa mcgintyi, also known as Parahyotissa mcgintyi, is a species of medium-sized saltwater "oyster", a marine bivalve mollusk in the family Gryphaeidae. This species occurs in the western Atlantic Ocean. Species in this genus are known as "honeycomb oysters" or "foam oysters" because under magnification, the majority of their shell structure is characteristically foam-like.

<i>Aetostreon</i> Extinct genus of bivalves

Aetostreon is an extinct genus or subgenus within the genus Exogyra of fossil marine oysters in the family Gryphaeidae.

<i>Hyotissa semiplana</i> Extinct species of bivalve

Hyotissa semiplana is an extinct species of large saltwater oysters, a fossil marine bivalve mollusk in the family Gryphaeidae, the foam oysters

<i>Neopycnodonte</i> Genus of bivalves

Neopycnodonte is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs belonging to the family Gryphaeidae.

Liostrea is a genus of extinct oysters, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Gryphaeidae.

References

  1. Michael Hautmann; David Ware; Hugo Bucher (2017). "Geologically oldest oysters were epizoans on Early Triassic ammonoids". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 83 (3): 253–260. doi: 10.1093/mollus/eyx018 .
  2. Jocelyne Martin; Gérard Paulmier (3 February 2011). Les invertébrés marins du golfe de Gascogne à la Manche orientale. Editions Quae. p. 82. ISBN   978-2-7592-0107-5.
  3. "Fossilworks: Gryphaeidae". The Paleobiology Database. Retrieved February 6, 2011.
  4. "Hyotissa Stenzel, 1971". WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species. 2021. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  5. Okamura, Kiyoshi; Yamagishi, Yutaka (1992). "Molluscan fauna from the Late Miocene Hatsuse Formation in the Miura Peninsula, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan" (PDF). Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan (165): 1009–1023. ISSN   0031-0204 . Retrieved November 4, 2021.