Holmes County, Ohio

Last updated

Holmes County
County
Cfiles56380.jpg
Holmes County Courthouse, with the Grant Memorial Statue
Flag of Holmes County, Ohio.png
Flag
Holmes County oh seal.jpg
Seal
Map of Ohio highlighting Holmes County.svg
Location within the U.S. state of Ohio
Ohio in United States.svg
Ohio's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 40°34′N81°56′W / 40.56°N 81.93°W / 40.56; -81.93
CountryFlag of the United States.svg United States
StateFlag of Ohio.svg  Ohio
FoundedJanuary 4, 1825
Named for Andrew Holmes
Seat Millersburg
Largest villageMillersburg
Area
 • Total424 sq mi (1,100 km2)
 • Land423 sq mi (1,100 km2)
 • Water1.4 sq mi (4 km2)  0.3%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total44,223
 • Estimate 
(2022) [1]
44,390 Increase2.svg
 • Density100/sq mi (40/km2)
Time zone UTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST) UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional districts 7th, 12th
Website www.co.holmes.oh.us

Holmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 44,223. [2] Its county seat is Millersburg. [3] The county was formed in 1824 from portions of Coshocton, Tuscarawas and Wayne counties and organized the following year. [4] It was named after Andrew Holmes, an officer killed in the War of 1812. [5]

Contents

Holmes County, which was about 42% Amish in 2010, [6] and 48% in 2020, [7] has the highest concentration of Amish in the world, [8] which draws many visitors to the county. The Holmes Amish settlement, which also includes Amish from neighboring counties, is the second-largest in the world after Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and numbered 37,770 people in 2021. [9]

History

Amish couple in a horse-drawn buggy in rural Holmes County DSCN4624 holmescountyamishbuggy e.jpg
Amish couple in a horse-drawn buggy in rural Holmes County

Holmes County was formed on January 20, 1824, from portions of Coshocton, Tuscarawas and Wayne counties. It was named after Major Andrew Holmes, who was killed in action at the Battle of Mackinac Island.

In 1863, during the Civil War, numerous small anti-draft riots took place, mainly in the German-speaking areas. Holmes County at the time was a Democratic stronghold, dominated by its Pennsylvania Dutch settlers, along with many recent German immigrants. With the passage of the Conscription Act in March 1863, Holmes County politicians denounced both Congress and President Lincoln as despotic, saying that forced military service was little different from slavery. Conscription had been common in their former German homelands, and it was one of the reasons they had moved to America. Violent protests broke out in June, and they continued until the Union Army marched into the county and declared martial law. [10] Stephen E. Towne in 2019 using archival records argues that many of the resisters belonged to secret organizations that opposed Union tactics to defeat the Confederacy. [11]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 424 square miles (1,100 km2), of which 423 square miles (1,100 km2) is land and 1.4 square miles (3.6 km2) (0.3%) is water. [12]

Adjacent counties

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1830 9,135—
1840 18,08898.0%
1850 20,45213.1%
1860 20,5890.7%
1870 18,177−11.7%
1880 20,77614.3%
1890 21,1391.7%
1900 19,511−7.7%
1910 17,909−8.2%
1920 16,965−5.3%
1930 16,726−1.4%
1940 17,8766.9%
1950 18,7604.9%
1960 21,59115.1%
1970 23,0246.6%
1980 29,41627.8%
1990 32,84911.7%
2000 38,94318.6%
2010 42,3668.8%
2020 44,2234.4%
2022 (est.)44,3900.4%
U.S. Decennial Census [13]
1790-1960 [14] 1900-1990 [15]
1990-2000 [16] 2020 [2]

2020 census

As of the 2020 United States Census, the population of Holmes County was 44,223 with 14,580 households. Its racial makeup was 97.43% White, 0.278% Black, 0.145% Asian, 0.081% American Indian and Alaska Native, and 0.308% others alone (including Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander), and 1.755% belonged to two or more races.

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 42,366 people, 12,554 households, and 10,035 families living in the county. [17] The population density was 100.3 inhabitants per square mile (38.7/km2). There were 13,666 housing units at an average density of 32.3 units per square mile (12.5 units/km2). [18] The racial makeup of the county was 98.7% white, 0.3% black or African American, 0.1% Asian, 0.1% American Indian, 0.2% from other races, and 0.5% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 0.8% of the population. [17] In terms of ancestry, 37.8% were German, 10.8% were American, 6.6% were Irish, and 6.3% were English. [19]

Of the 12,554 households, 42.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.7% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 20.1% were non-families, and 17.2% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 3.31 and the average family size was 3.80. The median age was 29.7 years. [17]

The median income for a household in the county was $43,533 and the median income for a family was $49,133. Males had a median income of $36,644 versus $24,317 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,009. About 10.5% of families and 13.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.9% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over. [20]

2000 census

As of the census [21] of 2000, there were 38,943 people, 11,337 households, and 9,194 families living in the county. The population density was 92 people per square mile (36 people/km2). There were 12,280 housing units at an average density of 29 units per square mile (11/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 99.03% White, 0.33% Black or African American, 0.06% Native American, 0.06% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.13% from other races, and 0.40% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.75% of the population. 56.1% spoke English, 20.1% Pennsylvania German, 15.8% German and 7.1% "Dutch, i.e. Pennsylvania Dutch." [22] as their first language.

There were 11,337 households, out of which 44.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.50% were married couples living together, 6.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.90% were non-families. 16.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.35 and the average family size was 3.82. Religious breakdown for those who gave a religion (68.33 of the total population) was 89.79% Evangelical Protestant, 8.04% Mainline Protestant and 2.16% Catholic. There were 140 Amish congregations with 17,654 adherents. There were several other unrelated Amish congregations and Mennonite congregations. There was one Catholic congregation. [23]

In the county, the population was spread out, with 35.60% under the age of 18, 10.40% from 18 to 24, 25.70% from 25 to 44, 17.80% from 45 to 64, and 10.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females there were 99.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.50 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $36,944, and the median income for a family was $40,230. Males had a median income of $28,490 versus $20,602 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,197. About 10.50% of families and 12.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.40% of those under age 18 and 13.30% of those age 65 or over.

Holmes County has a relatively high number of residents who do not speak English at home. According to the 2000 census, almost 36% of the population speak either Pennsylvania German or German at home, and a further 7% speak "Dutch", i.e. Pennsylvania Dutch. [22] 42.92% of the total population and 50.28% of the children in 5-17 age range uses German/Pennsylvania German or "Dutch" [22] at home. [24]

Amish community

The Amish community in Holmes County established in 1808, had a 17,654 adherents in 2010, [25] or 41.7% of the county's population.

Religion

Religion in Holmes County, according to ARDA (2020) [26] [ failed verification ]

  Anabaptist Churches (Amish and Mennonite) (54.7%)
  Others Evangelical Churches (17.4%)
  Mainline Protestant Churches (3.8%)
  Catholic Church (0.7%)
  None (23.4%)
Religion in Holmes County, according to ARDA (2020) [27] [26]
Religion200020102020
Number%Number %Number %
Christianity 17,94646.128,94568.433,78076.6
— Anabaptist Churches11,198 (7,420 Amish)28.721,766 (17,654 Amish)51.424,094 (19,793 Amish)54.7
— Others Evangelical Churches3,6839.54,22810.07,69217.4
— Catholic Church5241.46251.53030.7
— Mainline Protestant Churches2,5416.52,3275.51,6913.8
Other religions00.030.000.0
None*21,04953.914,86631.610,44323.4
Total population38,94342,36644,223
* "Nones" is an unclear category. [28] [29] It is a heterogenous group of the not religious and intermittently religious. [30] Researchers argue that most of the "Nones" should be considered "unchurched", rather than objectively nonreligious; [29] [31] [32] [33] especially since most "Nones" do hold some religious-spiritual beliefs and a notable amount participate in behaviors. [29] [31] [34] [35] For example, 72% of American "Nones" believe in God or a Higher Power. [36]

Economy

Amish farmer plowing fields with horses Amish farmer in Mount Hope, Ohio.jpg
Amish farmer plowing fields with horses

Tourism is an important part of the economy. In 2017, Holmes County was the second most popular tourist destination in Ohio. [37] Tourism is centered on the Amish community, which makes up almost half the county's population, the highest density in the world. [37]

Politics

Prior to 1944, Holmes County was a stronghold of the Democratic Party in presidential elections, with every Democratic presidential candidate from 1856 to 1940, except for Al Smith, carrying the county. The county has since become a Republican stronghold, with Lyndon B. Johnson being the only Democrat since 1940 to carry it, in his 1964 landslide, although Harry S. Truman came within just 16 votes of winning it in 1948.

The high Amish population means that a large proportion of residents in Holmes County do not vote, even compared to turnout standards in much of the United States. These low figures are likely due to the Amish's tendency to abstain from politics.

United States presidential election results for Holmes County, Ohio [38]
Year Republican Democratic Third party
No. %No. %No. %
2020 10,79683.19%1,99415.36%1881.45%
2016 8,72078.52%1,78816.10%5985.38%
2012 8,70275.23%2,60822.55%2572.22%
2008 7,72069.34%3,14128.21%2732.45%
2004 8,46875.47%2,69724.04%550.49%
2000 6,75473.85%2,06622.59%3253.55%
1996 5,21357.39%2,53127.86%1,34014.75%
1992 5,07956.08%1,96921.74%2,00822.17%
1988 5,06469.22%2,17929.78%731.00%
1984 5,14674.11%1,73725.01%610.88%
1980 3,86060.37%2,09432.75%4406.88%
1976 2,87054.16%2,24242.31%1873.53%
1972 3,75269.97%1,50728.11%1031.92%
1968 3,35058.47%1,89833.13%4818.40%
1964 2,10637.18%3,55962.82%00.00%
1960 4,43269.41%1,95330.59%00.00%
1956 3,95568.78%1,79531.22%00.00%
1952 3,89165.07%2,08934.93%00.00%
1948 2,49650.10%2,48049.78%60.12%
1944 3,09354.69%2,56345.31%00.00%
1940 3,20148.87%3,34951.13%00.00%
1936 2,24734.93%4,09763.70%881.37%
1932 1,95331.60%4,09666.28%1312.12%
1928 3,45767.43%1,63131.81%390.76%
1924 1,82438.26%2,53953.25%4058.49%
1920 2,06538.78%3,21160.30%490.92%
1916 95524.71%2,84673.64%641.66%
1912 46512.81%2,42966.90%73720.30%
1908 1,25228.74%3,04369.84%621.42%
1904 1,37734.77%2,48662.78%972.45%
1900 1,26926.83%3,39471.75%671.42%
1896 1,28425.93%3,62273.16%450.91%
1892 1,15225.56%3,15169.91%2044.53%
1888 1,24125.81%3,38870.45%1803.74%
1884 1,36628.57%3,36870.43%481.00%
1880 1,37029.36%3,28170.30%160.34%
1876 1,24128.12%3,17171.84%20.05%
1872 1,08930.08%2,53069.89%10.03%
1868 1,08327.47%2,85972.53%00.00%
1864 1,06628.45%2,68171.55%00.00%
1860 1,39237.41%2,28161.30%481.29%
1856 1,28537.87%2,10361.98%50.15%

Communities

Map of Holmes County, Ohio with Municipal and Township Labels Map of Holmes County Ohio With Municipal and Township Labels.PNG
Map of Holmes County, Ohio with Municipal and Township Labels
TownshipVillageOther places in township
Berlin Berlin (CDP)
Clark Baltic (north part) Charm (UIC)
Farmerstown (UIC)
Unionville (UIC)
Hardy Millersburg (county seat) Holmes County Airport
Killbuck Killbuck
Knox Nashville (south part)
Mechanic Lake Buckhorn (CDP)
Becks Mills
Saltillo
Monroe Welcome (UIC)
West Holmes High School
Paint Winesburg (CDP)
Prairie Holmesville
Richland Glenmont Stillwell
Ripley Big Prairie (UIC)
Salt Creek Mt. Hope (UIC)
Walnut Creek Walnut Creek (CDP)
Trail (UIC)
Washington Loudonville (east part)
Nashville (north part)		 Lakeville (UIC)

CDP = Census-designated place
UIC = Unincorporated community

Transportation

Holmes County Airport ( FAA LID : 10G) located two miles southwest of Millersburg.

Amish community

A large Amish community of about 36,000 exists in Northeast-Central Ohio, centered on Holmes County and extending into surrounding counties. [39] The Holmes Old Order Amish affiliation, with 140 church districts out of 221 in the Holmes County Amish settlement in 2009, is the main and dominant Amish affiliation. [40] Holmes County houses the highest percentage of Amish of any U.S. county, currently 42 percent of the population, and experts speculate that by 2027, Holmes County could become the first county in the US where more than half the residents were Amish. [41] The Amish & Mennonite Heritage Center in Berlin explains traditional ways of the Amish and provides an illustrated history for visitors in its 10-foot-by-265-foot mural. [42]

The overall Amish population of the area, centered on Holmes County, is the largest Amish community in the world. [39] Called locally "Amish Country", it draws many visitors to the county, thus making tourism an important sector of the local economy.

In Holmes County Amish Settlements there are several Old Order Amish affiliations. The Holmes Old Order Amish affiliation is the main and original affiliation, the Swartzentruber Amish with three subgroups, that originated in 1917 in Holmes County, are the most conservative Amish in Holmes county. There are also Andy Weaver Amish (formed 1952), Stutzman-Troyer Amish, Old Order Tobe Amish and Roman Amish on the conservative side, whereas the New Order Amish (formed in the early 1960s), the New Order Tobe Amish the New Order Amish Christian Fellowship are on the more progressive side. Holmes County is home of more Amish affiliations than any other place in the world. [43] [44]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oakland, Maryland</span> Town in Maryland, United States

Oakland is a town in and the county seat of Garrett County, Maryland, United States. The population was 1,851 at the 2020 census. It is situated only miles from the source of the Potomac River, which flows directly into Chesapeake Bay. It is also near the Wisp Resort at Deep Creek Lake. Oakland is part of the Pittsburgh media market.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paradise, Pennsylvania</span> Census-designated place in Pennsylvania, United States

Paradise is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States, with a ZIP code of 17562. The population was 1,129 at the 2010 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wayne County, Ohio</span> County in Ohio, United States

Wayne County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 116,894. Its county seat is Wooster. The county is named for General "Mad" Anthony Wayne. Wayne County comprises the Wooster, OH Micropolitan Statistical Area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tuscarawas County, Ohio</span> County in Ohio, United States

Tuscarawas County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 93,263. Its county seat is New Philadelphia. Its name is a Delaware Indian word variously translated as "old town" or "open mouth". Tuscarawas County comprises the New Philadelphia–Dover, OH Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Cleveland–Akron–Canton, OH Combined Statistical Area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Morrow County, Ohio</span> County in Ohio, United States

Morrow County is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 34,950. Its county seat is Mount Gilead. The county was organized in 1848 from parts of four neighboring counties and named for Jeremiah Morrow who was the Governor of Ohio from 1822 to 1826. Shawnee people used the area for hunting purposes before white settlers arrived in the early 19th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geauga County, Ohio</span> County in Ohio, United States

Geauga County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 95,397. The county seat and largest city is Chardon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coshocton County, Ohio</span> County in Ohio, United States

Coshocton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,612. Its county seat and largest city is Coshocton. The county lies within the Appalachian region of the state. The county was formed on January 31, 1810, from portions of Muskingum and Tuscarawas Counties and later organized in 1811. Its name comes from the Delaware Indian language and has been translated as "union of waters" or "black bear crossing". Coshocton was mentioned by David Zeisberger in his diary from the 1780s using the German spelling "Goschachgünk". The Coshocton, OH Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coshocton County.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hart County, Kentucky</span> County in Kentucky, United States

Hart County is a county located in the south central portion of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,288. Its county seat is Munfordville, its largest city is Horse Cave. Hart County is a prohibition or dry county.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buchanan County, Iowa</span> County in Iowa, United States

Buchanan County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,565. Its county seat is Independence. The county was created in 1837 and was named in honor of Senator James Buchanan, the 15th President of the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LaGrange County, Indiana</span> County in Indiana, United States

LaGrange County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2020, the population was 40,446. The county seat is LaGrange, Indiana.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nappanee, Indiana</span> City in Indiana, United States

Nappanee is a city in Elkhart and Kosciusko counties in the U.S. state of Indiana. The population was 6,648 as of the 2010 U.S. Census and had grown to 6,913 by the 2020 U.S. Census. The name Nappanee is thought to mean "flour" in the Algonquian language.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kalona, Iowa</span> City in Iowa, United States

Kalona is a city in Washington County, Iowa. It is part of the Iowa City metropolitan area. The population was 2,630 at the time of the 2020 census. Kalona is the second-largest city in Washington County.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harmony, Minnesota</span> City in Minnesota, United States

Harmony is a city in Fillmore County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 1,020 at the 2010 census. The town bills itself as the "Biggest Little Town in Southern Minnesota" and features the largest Amish community in the state.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bergholz, Ohio</span> Village in Ohio, United States

Bergholz is a village in northwestern Jefferson County, Ohio, United States. The population was 544 at the 2020 census. The village's name is German and translates to "mountain timber". It is part of the Weirton–Steubenville metropolitan area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sugarcreek, Ohio</span> Village in Ohio, United States

Sugarcreek is a village in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, United States. The population was 2,373 at the 2020 census. It is known as "The Little Switzerland of Ohio." Located in Ohio's Amish Country, the village is part of a large regional tourism industry. In the center of town stands one of the world's largest cuckoo clocks, which was previously featured on the cover of the Guinness World Records book in 1977.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brady Township, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania</span> Township in Pennsylvania, United States

Brady Township is a township in Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,941 at the 2020 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New Wilmington, Pennsylvania</span> Borough in Pennsylvania, United States

New Wilmington is a borough in northern Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, United States, first platted in 1824 and established as a borough on April 9, 1863. The population was 2,097 at the 2020 census. It is home to Westminster College and serves the Old Order Amish community in the surrounding Wilmington Township. It is part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Baltic, Ohio</span> Village in Ohio, United States

Baltic is a village in Coshocton, Holmes, and Tuscarawas counties in the U.S. state of Ohio. The population was 851 at the 2020 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Millersburg, Ohio</span> Village in Ohio, United States

Millersburg is a village and the county seat of Holmes County, Ohio, United States. Located 66 miles (106 km) south of Cleveland, it is in the heart of Ohio's Amish Country and is part of a large regional tourism industry. The population was 3,151 at the 2020 census. Holmes County Airport, located two miles southwest of Millersburg, serves the county.

Unity is a town in Waldo County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,292 at the 2020 census. The town is the service center for the northern portion of Waldo County. Outside of Waldo County, it is best known as the home of the Maine Organic Farmers and Gardeners Association, its Common Ground Country Fair and Unity College. Unity College was founded in 1965 to offset the economic effects of the declining chicken farming industry. As of 2007, the college is the town's largest employer.

References

  1. ↑ "QuickFacts : Holmes County, Ohio". Census.gov . Retrieved July 7, 2023.
  2. 1 2 "2020 Population and Housing State Data". United States Census Bureau.
  3. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  4. ↑ "Ohio: Individual County Chronologies". Ohio Atlas of Historical County Boundaries. The Newberry Library. 2007. Archived from the original on April 6, 2016. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
  5. ↑ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. pp.  159.
  6. ↑ Amish Groups, undifferentiated Counties (2010) at The Association of Religion Data Archives.
  7. ↑ "Explore Census Data". Data.census.gov. Retrieved April 8, 2022.
  8. ↑ Twelve Largest Settlements at Amish Studies
  9. ↑ "Amish Population in the United States by State and County, 2021" (PDF). Groups.etown.edu. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 18, 2021. Retrieved April 8, 2022.
  10. ↑ Kenneth H. Wheeler, "Local autonomy and civil war draft resistance: Holmes County, Ohio," Civil War History, June 1999, Vol. 45 Issue 2, pp 147-58
  11. ↑ Stephen E. Towne, "A Lesson for All Rebels at Home: The Holmes County, Ohio, Rebellion of 1863 Revisited" Ohio History (Fall 2019) 126#2 pp 5-37.
  12. ↑ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on May 4, 2014. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
  13. ↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
  14. ↑ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
  15. ↑ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
  16. ↑ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
  17. 1 2 3 "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
  18. ↑ "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
  19. ↑ "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
  20. ↑ "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
  21. ↑ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  22. 1 2 3 It is likely that those reporting such confused Pennsylvania Dutch, a German dialect, with Dutch.
  23. ↑ "The Association of Religion Data Archives | Maps & Reports". Thearda.com.
  24. ↑ "Language Map Data Center". Apps.mla.org.
  25. ↑ The 12 Largest Amish Communities (2017). at Amish America
  26. 1 2 "Holmes County , Ohio - County Membership Report (2020)". The Association of Religion Data Archives.
  27. ↑ "Holmes County, Ohio - County Membership Report (2000)". The Association of Religion Data Archives.
  28. ↑ Wuthnow, Robert (2015). Inventing American Religion : Polls, Surveys, and the Tenuous Quest for a Nation's Faith. Oxford University Press. pp. 151–155. ISBN   9780190258900.
  29. 1 2 3 Johnson, Byron; Stark, Rodney; Bradshaw, Matt; Levin, Jeff (2022). "Are Religious "Nones" Really Not Religious?: Revisiting Glenn, Three Decades Later". Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion. 18 (7).
  30. ↑ Blankholm, Joseph (2022). The Secular Paradox : On the Religiosity of the Not Religious. New York: New York University Press. p. 7. ISBN   9781479809509.
  31. 1 2 Johnson, Todd; Zurlo, Gina (2016). "Unaffiliated, Yet Religious: A Methodological and Demographic Analysis". In Cipriani, Roberto; Garelli, Franco (eds.). Annual Review of the Sociology of Religion: Volume 7: Sociology of Atheism. Leiden: Brill. pp. 58–60. ISBN   9789004317536.
  32. ↑ Hout, Michael; Fischer, Claude S. (October 13, 2014). "Explaining Why More Americans Have No Religious Preference: Political Backlash and Generational Succession, 1987-2012". Sociological Science. 1: 423–447. doi: 10.15195/v1.a24 .
  33. ↑ Hout, Michael (November 2017). "American Religion, All or Nothing at All". Contexts. 16 (4): 78–80. doi: 10.1177/1536504217742401 . S2CID   67327797.
  34. ↑ Drescher, Elizabeth (2016). Choosing our Religion: The Spiritual Lives of America's Nones. New York. pp. 21–26. ISBN   9780199341221.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  35. ↑ Cox, Kiana (March 17, 2021). "Nine-in-ten Black 'nones' believe in God, but fewer pray or attend services". Pew Research Center.
  36. ↑ "Key findings about Americans' belief in God". Pew Research Center. April 25, 2018.
  37. 1 2 Lynch, Kevin (November 27, 2017). "Holmes County tourism, hotels keep growing". The Daily Record. Archived from the original on August 18, 2021. Retrieved August 18, 2021.
  38. ↑ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved May 2, 2018.
  39. 1 2 "Fact Sheets: Holmes County and Amish Country". Holmes County Chamber of Commerce. Archived from the original on December 30, 2011. Retrieved July 29, 2012.. Quote: "Approximately 36,000 Amish residents make the region the largest Amish community in the world. Centered in Holmes County, Amish Country extends into each of the surrounding five counties. The Amish community has existed in this region of Ohio since 1809."
  40. ↑ Charles E. Hurst, David L. McConnell: An Amish Paradox: Diversity and Change in the World's Largest Amish Community, Baltimore 2010, pages 35-36
  41. ↑ "Estimate: A New Amish Community is Founded Every 3 1/2 Weeks in U.S." The Ohio State University. Archived from the original on June 2, 2013. Retrieved June 17, 2013.. Quote: "“My guess is that in 15 years, we'll witness a county whose population is majority Amish, and Holmes County is likely to gain that distinction first. Perhaps LaGrange County in Indiana will not be far behind,” Donnermeyer said."
  42. ↑ "Amish & Mennonite Heritage Center". Amish Country Insider.
  43. ↑ Charles E. Hurst, David L. McConnell: An Amish Paradox: Diversity and Change in the World's Largest Amish Community, Baltimore 2010, page 36.
  44. ↑ "How many types of Amish are there?". Amishamerica.com. August 23, 2010.

40°34′N81°56′W / 40.56°N 81.93°W / 40.56; -81.93

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.