Franz Müntefering is a German politician. He was Chairman of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) from 2004 to 2005 and again from 18 October 2008 to 13 November 2009. He served as the minister of Labour and Social Affairs,as well as the vice chancellor of Germany,in the cabinet of Chancellor Angela Merkel from 2005 to 2007.
The 2005 North Rhine-Westphalia state election was held on 22 May 2005 to elect the 14th Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia. The outgoing government was a coalition of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and The Greens led by Minister-President Peer Steinbrück.
Federal elections were held in Germany on 18 September 2005 to elect the members of the 16th Bundestag. The snap election was called after the government's defeat in the North Rhine-Westphalia state election,which caused them to intentionally lose a motion of confidence to trigger an early federal election. The outgoing government was a coalition of the centre-left Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and Alliance 90/The Greens,led by federal Chancellor Gerhard Schröder. The election was originally intended for the autumn of 2006.
Wolfgang Tiefensee is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). He was the Federal Minister for Transport,Building and Urban Development in the grand coalition cabinet led by Angela Merkel between 2005 and 2009. Since 2014,he has been the State Minister of Economy,Science and the Digital Society in the government of Thuringia's Minister-President Bodo Ramelow.
Franz Josef Jung is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). He became Federal Minister of Defence in the Grand coalition cabinet of Angela Merkel on 22 November 2005. In October 2009 he became Minister of Labour and Social Affairs but resigned a month later.
Andrea Maria Nahles is a former German politician who has been the director of the Federal Employment Agency (BA) since 2022.
Olaf Scholz is a German politician who has been serving as the chancellor of Germany since 8 December 2021. A member of the Social Democratic Party (SPD),he previously served as Vice Chancellor in the fourth Merkel cabinet and as Federal Minister of Finance from 2018 to 2021. He was also First Mayor of Hamburg from 2011 to 2018,deputy leader of the SPD from 2009 to 2019,and Federal Minister of Labour and Social Affairs from 2007 to 2009.
Björn Böhning is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) who has been serving as State Secretary at the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs under the leadership of minister Hubertus Heil from 2018 to 2022.
Norbert Barthle is a German politician of the Christian Democratic (CDU) who served as a member of the Bundestag from 1998 until 2021,representing Backnang –Schwäbisch Gmünd.
The history of Germany from 1990 to the present spans the period following the German reunification,when West Germany and East Germany were reunited after being divided during the Cold War. Germany after 1990 is referred to by historians as the Berlin Republic. This time period is also determined by the ongoing process of the "inner reunification" of the formerly divided country.
Reiner Haseloff is a German politician who serves as the Minister President of Saxony-Anhalt. On 9 October 2020,he was elected President of the Bundesrat. His one-year term started on 1 November 2020.
Hubert Dietmar Woidke is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany. Since August 2013,Woidke has served as Minister President of Brandenburg.
The Fourth Merkel cabinet was the 23rd Government of the Federal Republic of Germany during the 19th legislative session of the Bundestag. It was sworn in on 14 March 2018 following the 2017 federal election and dismissed on 26 October 2021,acting in a caretaker mode until 8 December 2021. It was preceded by the third Merkel cabinet and succeeded by the Scholz cabinet. Led by Chancellor Angela Merkel,it was the third cabinet under Merkel to be supported by a coalition of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU),the Christian Social Union of Bavaria (CSU),and the Social Democratic Party (SPD).
Svenja Schulze is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). She serves as Minister for Economic Cooperation and Development in the cabinet of Olaf Scholz. Schulze has been serving as member of the German Bundestag since 2021,representing North Rhine-Westphalia.
Michael Fuchs was a German politician who served in the Bundestag from 2002 to 2017. He was elected European deputy chairman of the Trilateral Commission in 2010.
The 2019 Social Democratic Party of Germany leadership election took place in the autumn of 2019 to elect the new leadership of the Social Democratic Party of Germany following the resignation of the Andrea Nahles on 3 June 2019. Although the leadership of the party is elected indirectly by a party convention,for the first time since 1993 the SPD held a vote by the membership to decide the candidates which the party's executive board will propose to the party convention. Though the convention was not obliged to elect the proposed candidates,the membership vote was considered politically binding. For the first time,dual candidacies were permitted,provided they comprised one man and one woman. Most hopeful candidates ran in pairs,and no single applicants advanced to the ballot.
Klara Geywitz is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) serving as Federal Minister for Housing,Urban Development and Building in the Scholz cabinet since 2021. She served as member of the Landtag of Brandenburg from 2004 until 2019,and is a Deputy Leader of the SPD since 2019.
Anette Kramme is a German lawyer and politician of the SPD who has served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of Bavaria since 1998.
Dagmar Ziegler is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) who served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of Brandenburg from 2009 until 2021.
Hans-Joachim Fuchtel is a German lawyer and politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of Baden-Württemberg from 1987 until 2021. From 2018 to 2021 he also served as Parliamentary State Secretary for Food and Agriculture in the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel.
