List of Mars landers

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The following table is a list of successful and unsuccessful Mars landers. As of 2022, 21 lander missions and 8 sub-landers (Rovers and Penetrators) attempted to land on Mars. Of 21 landers, the Curiosity rover, Perseverance rover, and Tianwen-1 are currently in operation on Mars.

Contents

Mars landers

List of Mars landers
S.NoLandersLaunch dateLanding dateMass (kg) [1] Landing siteRegionStatusCountryMOLAEntry velocityReferences
1. Mars 2MV-3 No.1 04 Nov 196225 Nov 1962890--FailureFlag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union -- [2]
2. Mars 2 19 May 197127 Nov 1971121045°S 47°E♦-FailureFlag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union -- [3] [4]
3. Mars 3 28 May 197102 Dec 1971121045°S 202°E♦ Sirenum Terra Partial successFlag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union -5.7 km/sec [5] [4]
4. Mars 6 05 Aug 197312 Mar 197463523.90°S 19.4°W Margaritifer Terra FailureFlag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union -- [6] [4]
5. Mars 7 09 Aug 1973-635--FailureFlag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union -- [7] [4]
6. Viking 1 20 Aug 197520 Jul 197657222.27°N 47.95°W Chryse Planitia SuccessFlag of the United States.svg  USA -3.54.61 km/sec [8]
7. Viking 2 09 Sep 197503 Sep 197657247.64°N 225.71°W Utopia Planitia SuccessFlag of the United States.svg  USA -3.54.61 km/sec [9]
8. Phobos 1 §07 Jul 1988-2600†--FailureFlag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union -- [10]
9. Phobos 2 §12 Jul 1987-2600†--FailureFlag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union -- [10]
10. Mars 96 16 Nov 1996-3159--FailureFlag of Russia.svg  Russia -- [11]
11. Mars Pathfinder 04 Dec 199604 Jul 199736119°7′48″ N 33°18′12″W Ares Vallis SuccessFlag of the United States.svg  USA -2.57.26 km/sec [12] [13]
12. Mars Polar Lander 03 Jan 199903 Dec 199958376°S 195°W Ultimi Scopuli FailureFlag of the United States.svg  USA -3.06.91 km/sec [14] [15]
13. Beagle 2 02 Jun 200325 Dec 200333.211.5265°N 90.4295°E Isidis Planitia FailureFlag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom -5.63 km/sec [16] [17]
14. Spirit rover 10 Jun 20034 Jan 200417414.5684°S 175.4726°E Gusev Crater SuccessFlag of the United States.svg  USA -1.95.4 km/sec [18] [19] [20]
15. Opportunity rover 07 Jul 200325 Jan 20041741.9462°S 354.4743°E Meridiani Planum SuccessFlag of the United States.svg  USA -1.45.5 km/sec [18] [21] [20]
16. Phoenix lander 04 Aug 200725 May 200835068.22°N 125.7°W Vastitas Borealis SuccessFlag of the United States.svg  USA -3.55.59 km/sec [12]
17. Curiosity rover 26 Nov 20116 Aug 20128994.5895°S 137.4417°E Gale Crater OperationalFlag of the United States.svg  USA 2.05.6 km/sec [22] [23] [20]
18. Schiaparelli EDM 14 Mar 201619 Oct 20165772.052°S 6.208°W Meridiani Planum Failure Flag of Europe.svg ESA/Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 1.455.83 km/sec [24]
19. InSight Mars Lander 5 May 201826 Nov 20187274.5°N 135.9°E Elysium Planitia SuccessFlag of the United States.svg  USA -2.56.3 km/sec [25]
20. Perseverance rover 30 Jul 202018 Feb 20211,02518.4447°N 77.4508°E Jezero crater OperationalFlag of the United States.svg  USA -- [26]
21. Tianwen-1 23 July 202014 May 202124025.1°N, 109.7°E Utopia Planitia SuccessFlag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China -4.8 km/sec [27]

§ - Spacecraft intended for Martian moons (Phobos and Deimos), †Entry Mass, ♦ Estimated, MOLA - Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter

List of sub-landers onboard Mars landers
S.NoSub-LandersTypeLander SlotLaunch DateMass (kg)StatusReferences
1. PrOP-M RoverMars 219 May 19714.5Failure [3] [4]
2. PrOP-M RoverMars 328 May 19714.5Not deployed [4] [5]
3. Mars 96 PenetratorMars 9616 Nov 199688Failure [11]
4. Deep Space 2 PenetratorMars Polar Lander03 Jan 19992.4Failure [14] [15]
5. Sojourner RoverMars Pathfinder04 Dec 199611.5Success [12] [13]
6. Mars helicopter Ingenuity UAV Helicopter Mars 2020 Perseverance rover 30 Jul 20211.8Success
7. Zhurong Rover Tianwen-1 23 Jul 2021240Success
8. Tianwen-1 Remote cameraCamera Zhurong rover1 June 2021<1Success

Future proposed Mars lander missions

List of future proposed Mars lander missions
LanderProposed LaunchCountryAgencyTypeSub-LanderReferences
Mars MetNet Precursor?FinlandFMIImpact Lander- [28]
Mars MetNet?FinlandFMIMulti-lander- [29]
Mars Lander2045South KoreaKARILander- [30]
Icebreaker 2026USNASALander- [31]
Martian Moons Exploration 2026JapanJAXALanderSample Return [32]
Phootprint 2024EuropeESALanderAscent Stage [33]
Fobos-Grunt (Repeat) 2024RussiaROSCOSMOSLanderAscent Stage [34]
Mars-Grunt 2024RussiaROSCOSMOSLander- [1]
BOLD 2020USNASAImpact Lander6-Impact Lander [35]

See also

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References

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  21. ↑ "GeoHack - Opportunity rover". geohack.toolforge.org. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
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  27. ↑ @sklplanets (May 15, 2021). "Succesful [sic] landing of #Tianwen1, on #Mars! Landing point: 109.7 E, 25.1 N, less than 40 km from target location in Utopia Planitia. More details expected later!" (Tweet). Retrieved 2021-05-15– via Twitter.
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  34. ↑ Zelenyi, L.; Zakharov, A.; Polischuk, G.; Pichkhadze, K.; Akim, E.; Hirahara, Masfumi; Miyoshi, Yoshizumi; Terada, Naoki; Mukai, Toshifumi (2009). "Phobos Sample Return mission". AIP Conference Proceedings. 1144 (1): 128–137. Bibcode:2009AIPC.1144..128Z. doi:10.1063/1.3169276.
  35. ↑ Schulze-Makuch, Dirk; Head, James N.; Houtkooper, Joop M.; Knoblauch, Michael; Furfaro, Roberto; Fink, Wolfgang; Fairén, Alberto G.; Vali, Hojatollah; Kelly Sears, S.; Daly, Mike; Deamer, David; Schmidt, Holger; Hawkins, Aaron R.; Sun, Henry J.; Lim, Darlene S.S.; Dohm, James; Irwin, Louis N.; Davila, Alfonso F.; Mendez, Abel; Andersen, Dale (2012). "The Biological Oxidant and Life Detection (BOLD) mission: A proposal for a mission to Mars". Planetary and Space Science. 67 (1): 57–69. Bibcode:2012P&SS...67...57S. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2012.03.008.
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