List of masters of Trinity College, Cambridge

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Master's lodge in Great Court, Trinity College Trinity College Masters Lodge, Cambridgeshire, England - 29-11-2019.jpg
Master's lodge in Great Court, Trinity College

Trinity College, a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, is headed by a master who oversees the general operation of the college. The role is officially appointed by the monarch at the recommendation of the college, and involves presiding over meetings of the college council and its governing body, although the executive powers of the master are limited. [1] In addition, the master supports relations with students and alumni of the college, and serves as an ambassador for its global development activities. [2]

In 1546, Trinity College was founded by Henry VIII, merging the colleges of Michaelhouse and King's Hall. [3] John Redman, then Warden of King's Hall, was thus appointed first Master of Trinity College. For much of the past, the master was required to hold a degree from the University of Cambridge, and was usually a member of Trinity College. The office of the master could be held until the age of seventy, although this could be extended to seventy-five, by decree of the fellowship. [1] There have been 40 appointments to the position; William Bill was appointed master twice, in 1551 and 1558. [4] The longest serving master was Richard Bentley, from 1700 until his death in 1741. He held the post despite numerous criminal charges, even having his degree rescinded temporarily. Although sentenced twice, the first sentencer died before the process began, and the second sentence was refused to be carried out by the vice-master, Richard Walker, whom he was a friend of. [5]

Currently, the master holds office for a fixed term of up to eight years. There is no longer a requirement to have studied at Trinity College, or the University of Cambridge, but recent masters have usually been distinguished academics. The current master, Dame Sally Davies, was appointed on 8 February 2019. She assumed the role during a ceremony on 8 October of that year, becoming the 39th Master of Trinity College, and the first woman to hold the position. [6] [7] Regardless of whether the incumbent is male or female, the title is referred to as the master, for historical reasons. [2] The college council also includes a vice-master role, currently held by Louise Merrett. [8]

The Master of Trinity College resides in the Master's Lodge, located directly opposite the main gate in Great Court. It was originally built in 1554, and is a Grade I listed building. The entrance hall has 16th-century panelling, and the drawing room has a late 15th-century plaster ceiling. The façade of the building towards Great Court was renovated between 1841 and 1843 by Anthony Salvin. In 1892, the architect Arthur Blomfield constructed the west wing of the lodge with additional rooms for private accommodation of the master, which freed some of the historic rooms for public use. [9] The Master's Lodge is customarily the royal residence when visiting the university. [10] It includes a state bedroom that was refurbished for the 1843 visit of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. [11] [12]

Several masters of the college contributed to the development of its buildings throughout history. Thomas Nevile, master of the college from 1593, remodelled the majority of the college buildings. He demolished several buildings to clear space for the Great Court, which is now reputedly the largest enclosed courtyard in Europe. [13] Upon his death, he bequeathed a sum of money that entirely paid for the construction of Nevile's Court. [14] In the late 17th century, Nevile's Court was further developed by Christopher Wren under the instruction of the master of the college, Isaac Barrow, forming the Wren Library. [15] In the 1860s, William Whewell paid for the construction of Whewell's Court, two neo-Gothic courts located on the opposite side of Trinity Street. [16]

List of masters

Nevile's Court, Trinity College Cambridge Trinity Nevile's Court.jpg
Nevile's Court, Trinity College
Statue of Isaac Barrow by Matthew Noble in Trinity College Chapel StatueOfIsaacBarrow.jpg
Statue of Isaac Barrow by Matthew Noble in Trinity College Chapel
Whewell's Court, Trinity College Cmglee Cambridge Trinity College Whewells Court.jpg
Whewell's Court, Trinity College
Statue of William Whewell by Thomas Woolner in the chapel Statue of William Whewell at Trinity College, Cambridge.jpg
Statue of William Whewell by Thomas Woolner in the chapel
List of masters
PortraitNameTerm of officeNotesRef(s)
— John Redman 1546–1551 Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity (1538–1542), Public Orator of Cambridge (1537–1538), Warden of King's Hall (1542–1546), later forming Trinity College [17]
William Bill. Line engraving by R. Grave after G. P. Harding Wellcome V0000549 (crop).jpg William Bill 1551–1553 Master of St John's College, Cambridge (1547–1551?), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge (1548), Provost of Eton College (1558–1561), Dean of Westminster (1560–1561). [18]
— John Christopherson 1553–1558 Chaplain and confessor to Mary I, Dean of Norwich (1554–1557), Bishop of Chichester (1557–1558) [19]
William Bill. Line engraving by R. Grave after G. P. Harding Wellcome V0000549 (crop).jpg William Bill 1558–1561Second term as Master of Trinity College [18] [20]
— Robert Beaumont 1561–1567 Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity (1559–1561), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge (1564 and 1566) [21]
Bp John Whitgift.jpg John Whitgift 1567–1577 Archbishop of Canterbury (1583–1604) [22]
Portrait of John Still, Bishop of Bath and Wells (dated 1760-1809) by Sylvester Harding.jpg John Still 1577–1593 Master of St John's College, Cambridge (1574–1577), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge (1575 and 1592), Bishop of Bath and Wells (1593–1608) [23]
Thomas Nevile, Trinity Coll Cambridge.jpg Thomas Nevile 1593–1615 Dean of Peterborough (1591–1597) and Dean of Canterbury (1597–1615), Master of Magdalene College (1582–1593); significantly developed Trinity College, including expanding Great Court and building Nevile's Court [24]
John Richardson Peterhouse.jpg John Richardson 1615–1625 Biblical scholar, Regius Professor of Divinity (1607–1617), Master of Peterhouse, Cambridge (1609–1615), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge (1617) [25]
— Leonard Mawe 1625–1629 Bishop of Bath and Wells (1628–1629), Master of Peterhouse (1617–1625) [26]
— Samuel Brooke 1629–1631 Gresham Professor of Divinity (1612–1629) [27]
Thomas Comber, Trinity Coll Cambridge.jpg Thomas Comber 1631–1645 Linguist, Dean of Carlisle (1629–1654) [28]
— Thomas Hill 1645–1653 Master of Emmanuel College, Cambridge (1644–1645), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge (1646) [29]
— John Arrowsmith 1653–1659 Theologian, Master of St John's College, Cambridge (1644–1653), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge (1647), Regius Professor of Divinity (1651–1656) [30]
Bp John Wilkins.jpg John Wilkins 1659–1660 Natural philosopher, cofounder of the Royal Society, Warden of Wadham College, Oxford (1648–1659), Bishop of Chester (1668–1672) [31]
— Henry Ferne 1660–1662 Dean of Ely (1661–1662), Bishop of Chester (1662) [32]
JohnPearson.jpg John Pearson 1662–1672 Theologian, Master of Jesus College, Cambridge (1660–1662), Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity (1661–1673), Bishop of Chester (1673–1686) [33]
Isaac Barrow by Mary Beale.jpg Isaac Barrow 1672–1677 Christian theologian and mathematician, known for early development of infinitesimal calculus; Regius Professor of Greek (1660–1663), first Lucasian Professor of Mathematics (1663–1669), academic advisor of Isaac Newton [34]
— John North 1677–1683 Regius Professor of Greek (1672–1674), buried in Trinity College Chapel [35]
John Montagu, Trinity Coll Cambridge.jpg John Montagu 1683–1699 Dean of Durham (1700?–1728), benefactor to the college [36]
Richard Bentley 3.jpg Richard Bentley 1700–1742 Classical scholar, critic, theologian, Regius Professor of Divinity (1717–1742) [37]
Robertsmith1689-1768.jpg Robert Smith 1742–1768 Mathematician, Plumian Professor of Astronomy and Experimental Philosophy (1716–1760), buried in Trinity College Chapel [38]
John Hinchliffe by MW Peters.jpg John Hinchliffe 1768–1789 Bishop of Peterborough (1769–1794), Dean of Durham (1788–1794) [39]
Thomas Postlethwaite after DB Murphy.jpg Thomas Postlethwaite 1789–1798 Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge (1791) [40]
William Lort Mansel by GH Harlow.jpg William Lort Mansel 1798–1820 Public Orator of Cambridge (1788–1798), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge (1799), Bishop of Bristol (1808–1820) [41]
Christopher Wordsworth by GF Robson.jpg Christopher Wordsworth 1820–1841 Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge (1820 and 1826), youngest brother of the poet William Wordsworth [42]
Portrait of W. Whewell; stipple engraving Wellcome L0014766.jpg William Whewell 1841–1866 Polymath, scientist, theologian, mathematician, poet; funded the construction of Whewell's Court [43]
William Hepworth Thompson by Hubert von Herkomer.jpg William Hepworth Thompson 1866–1886 Classical scholar, Regius Professor of Greek (1853–1867), reformer of Trinity College and the University of Cambridge [44]
Henry Montagu Butler by William Barns Wollen.jpg Henry Montagu Butler 1886–1918Headmaster of Harrow School (1860–85), Dean of Gloucester (1885–86) [45]
J.J Thomson.jpg J. J. Thomson 1918–1940 Physicist, laureate of the Nobel Prize in Physics (1906), known for the discovery of the electron [46]
GM Trevelyan by Beresford.jpg G. M. Trevelyan 1940–1951 Historian and author, Regius Professor of History (1927–1943), Chancellor of Durham University (1950–1957) [47]
E.D. Adrian, UCL 1955-56. Wellcome L0026807.jpg Edgar Adrian 1951–1965 Electrophysiologist, laureate of Nobel Prize for Physiology (1932) for work on the function of neurons, President of the Royal Society (1950–1955), president of the Royal Society of Medicine (1960–1962), Chancellor of the University of Cambridge (1967–1975) [48]
Rab Butler.jpg Rab Butler 1965–1978 Conservative Party politician, Deputy Prime Minister (1962–1963) [49]
Alan Lloyd Hodgkin nobel.jpg Alan Hodgkin 1978–1984 Physiologist and biophysicist, joint winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1963), awarded Copley Medal (1965), later becoming President of the Royal Society (1970–1975) [50]
Andrew Fielding Huxley nobel.jpg Andrew Huxley 1984–1990 Physiologist and biophysicist, laureate of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1963), President of the Royal Society (1980–1985) [51]
Michael Francis Atiyah (cropped).jpg Michael Atiyah 1990–1997 Mathematician, Savilian Professor of Geometry (1963–1969), laureate of the Fields Medal (1966) and Abel Prize (2004), President of the Royal Society (1990–1995) [52]
Amartya Sen 2012 (cropped).jpg Amartya Sen 1998–2004 Economist and philosopher, laureate of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (1998), recipient of the Bharat Ratna (1999) [53]
Official portrait of Lord Rees of Ludlow crop 2.jpg Martin Rees 2004–2012 Cosmologist and astrophysicist, fifteenth Astronomer Royal (appointed 1995), President of the Royal Society (2005–2010) [54]
Gregory Winter, 2016 (cropped).jpg Gregory Winter 2012–2019 Molecular biologist, laureate of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (2018), known for work on the therapeutic use of monoclonal antibodies [55]
Dame Sally Davies.png Sally Davies 2019–present Haematologist, Chief Medical Officers (2010–2019), Chief Scientific Adviser at the Department of Health (2004–2016) [7]

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References

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  2. 1 2 fionaholland (28 June 2018). "Applications invited for the next Master of Trinity". Trinity College Cambridge. Retrieved 8 May 2024.
  3. ↑ "Historical Overview". Trinity College Cambridge. Retrieved 8 May 2024.
  4. ↑ fionaholland (8 February 2019). "Professor Dame Sally Davies appointed Master of Trinity". Trinity College Cambridge. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
  5. ↑ Chisholm, Hugh (1911). The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information. At the University Press. p. 751.
  6. ↑ "Master of Trinity College, Cambridge: Professor Dame Sally Davies". GOV.UK. 8 February 2019. Retrieved 13 February 2019.
  7. 1 2 "Dame Sally installed as Master". Trinity College. University of Cambridge. 8 October 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  8. ↑ dev.login (10 February 2022). "Louise Merrett elected as the Vice-Master of Trinity College, Cambridge". Fountain Court Chambers. Retrieved 8 May 2024.
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  15. ↑ McKitterick, David (27 July 1995). The Making of the Wren Library: Trinity College, Cambridge. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-44305-0.
  16. ↑ Historic England. "Whewell's Court, Trinity College (Grade II) (1331806)". National Heritage List for England . Retrieved 8 May 2024.
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  18. 1 2 "Bill, William (BL532W)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
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  25. ↑ "Richardson, John (RCRT578J)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  26. ↑ "Mawe, Leonard (MW588L)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  27. ↑ "Brooke, Samuel (BRK592S)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  28. ↑ "Comber, Thomas (CMR592T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
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  30. ↑ "Arrowsmith, John (ARWT616J)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
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  33. ↑ "Pearson, John (PR632J2)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
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  40. ↑ "Postlethwaite, Thomas (PSTT749T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  41. ↑ "Mansel, William Lort (MNSL770WL)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  42. ↑ "Wordsworth, Christopher (WRDT791C)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  43. ↑ Douglas, Janet Mary (1881). The life and selections from the correspondence of William Whewell [microform]. University of California Libraries. London : Kegan Paul, Trench.
  44. ↑ "Thompson, William Hepworth (THM828WH)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  45. ↑ "Butler, Henry Montagu (BTLR850HM)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  46. ↑ Rayleigh (1941). "Joseph John Thomson. 1856–1940". Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society . 3 (10): 586–609. doi: 10.1098/rsbm.1941.0024 .
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  48. ↑ Hodgkin, Alan (1979). "Edgar Douglas Adrian, Baron Adrian of Cambridge, 30 November 1889 - 4 August 1977". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 25: 1–73. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1979.0002. ISSN   0080-4606.
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  53. ↑ fionaholland (11 October 2021). "At home with Professor Amartya Sen". Trinity College Cambridge. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  54. ↑ "Rees of Ludlow, Baron, (Martin John Rees) (born 23 June 1942)". WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO. Retrieved 8 May 2024.
  55. ↑ Fry, Matthew (3 October 2018). "Greg Winter wins 2018 Nobel Prize for Chemistry". MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology. Retrieved 8 May 2024.
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