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Moscow Inter-Bank Offer rate is an indicative rate of ruble money market calculated by Central Bank of Russia on a daily basis. MIBID and MIACR (Moscow Interbank Bid / Actual Credit Rate, respectively) are also calculated alongside MIBOR. Official statistics on rates bid, offered and traded are collected from about 30 participating (appointed by CB) banks.
In finance, a bond is a type of security under which the issuer (debtor) owes the holder (creditor) a debt, and is obliged – depending on the terms – to provide cash flow to the creditor. The timing and the amount of cash flow provided varies, depending on the economic value that is emphasized upon, thus giving rise to different types of bonds. The interest is usually payable at fixed intervals: semiannual, annual, and less often at other periods. Thus, a bond is a form of loan or IOU. Bonds provide the borrower with external funds to finance long-term investments or, in the case of government bonds, to finance current expenditure.
The London Inter-Bank Offered Rate was an interest rate average calculated from estimates submitted by the leading banks in London. Each bank estimates what it would be charged were it to borrow from other banks. It is the primary benchmark, along with the Euribor, for short-term interest rates around the world. Libor was phased out at the end of 2021, and market participants are being encouraged to transition to risk-free interest rates such as SOFR and SARON.
In finance, a forward rate agreement (FRA) is an interest rate derivative (IRD). In particular it is a linear IRD with strong associations with interest rate swaps (IRSs).
A reference rate is a rate that determines pay-offs in a financial contract and that is outside the control of the parties to the contract. It is often some form of LIBOR rate, but it can take many forms, such as a consumer price index, a house price index or an unemployment rate. Parties to the contract choose a reference rate that neither party has power to manipulate.
A certificate of deposit (CD) is a time deposit sold by banks, thrift institutions, and credit unions in the United States. CDs typically differ from savings accounts because the CD has a specific, fixed term before money can be withdrawn without penalty and generally higher interest rates. The bank expects the CDs to be held until maturity, at which time they can be withdrawn and interest paid.
The Bank of Estonia is the Estonian member of the Eurosystem and has been the monetary authority for Estonia from 1919 to 2010, albeit with a long suspension between 1940 and 1991, issuing the Estonian kroon. The bank doesn't translate its name to English but uses its Estonian name Eesti Pank in all English communications.
The London Interbank Bid Rate (LIBID) is a bid rate; the rate bid by banks on Eurocurrency deposits. It is the "other end" of the LIBOR. Whilst the British Bankers' Association set LIBOR rates, there is no correspondent official LIBID fixing.
Credit card interest is a way in which credit card issuers generate revenue. A card issuer is a bank or credit union that gives a consumer a card or account number that can be used with various payees to make payments and borrow money from the bank simultaneously. The bank pays the payee and then charges the cardholder interest over the time the money remains borrowed. Banks suffer losses when cardholders do not pay back the borrowed money as agreed. As a result, optimal calculation of interest based on any information they have about the cardholder's credit risk is key to a card issuer's profitability. Before determining what interest rate to offer, banks typically check national, and international, credit bureau reports to identify the borrowing history of the card holder applicant with other banks and conduct detailed interviews and documentation of the applicant's finances.
An auction rate security (ARS) typically refers to a debt instrument with a long-term nominal maturity for which the interest rate is regularly reset through a Dutch auction. Since February 2008, most such auctions have failed, and the auction market has been largely frozen. In late 2008, investment banks that had marketed and distributed auction rate securities agreed to repurchase most of them at par.
TIBOR stands for the Tokyo Interbank Offered Rate and is a daily reference rate based on the interest rates at which banks offer to lend unsecured funds to other banks in the Japan wholesale money market. TIBOR is published daily by the JBA TIBOR Administration.
The Shanghai Interbank Offered Rate is a daily reference rate based on the interest rates at which banks offer to lend unsecured funds to other banks in the Shanghai wholesale money market. There are eight Shibor rates, with maturities ranging from overnight to a year. They are calculated from rates quoted by 18 banks, eliminating the four highest and the four lowest rates, and then averaging the remaining 10.
The Kazakhstan Stock Exchange is a stock exchange located in Almaty, Kazakhstan. The exchange was founded in 1993.
Kyiv Interbank Offer Rate (KIBOR) is a daily indicative rate based on the interest rates at which banks offer to lend unsecured funds to other banks on the Ukrainian money market. KIBOR is the opposite of the Kyiv Interbank Bid Rate (KIBID).
Hong Kong Inter-bank Offered Rate,, is the annualized rate charged for inter-bank lending on Hong Kong Dollar (HKD) denominated instruments, for a specified period ranging from overnight to one year. It is calculated daily at 11:00 a.m. local time based on quotations from 20 banks designated by the Hong Kong Association of Banks (HKAB).
Romanian Interbank Bid Rate (ROBID) is the reference rate calculated by the Proxy as the arithmetical average of the last rates quoted by the each Participant in the Fixing for the RON deposits offered within 15 minutes before the Fixing after rejecting extreme rates. This is the rate at which banks offer to lend unsecured funds to other banks in the Romanian wholesale money market. It is similar to the widely used LIBOR, and Euribor. The rate quoted by each Participant in the Fixing represents the rate at which the RON deposits are offered to the other Participant for 15 minutes from the publication of ROBID and ROBOR rates by the Proxy.
The Ukrainian Exchange was founded in 15th of May, 2008 and its operation premises are situated at 7g, Tropinina Street, Kyiv.
The Moscow Exchange is the largest exchange in Russia, operating trading markets in equities, bonds, derivatives, the foreign exchange market, money markets, and precious metals. The Moscow Exchange also operates Russia's central securities depository, the National Settlement Depository (NSD), and the country's largest clearing service provider, the National Clearing Centre. The exchange was formed in 2011 in a merger of the Moscow Interbank Currency Exchange and the Russian Trading System.
Microfinance in Kenya consists of microfinance facilities and regulations in Kenya which has been developing since the mid 1990s. Legislation was passed in 2006 with the Micro Finance Act which became active in 2008. By 2010 there were more than twenty large micro finance institutions in Kenya, which provided US $1.5 billion to approximately 1.5 million active borrowers. With over 100,000 clients, Equity Bank Kenya had the largest share of business loans representing market share of 73.50% followed by Kenya Women Microfinance Bank with 12.06%. Most microfinance firms as in other countries have eligibility criteria which may include gender, age, a valid Kenyan ID, a business, an ability to repay the loan and be a customer of the institution.
The Saudi Arabian Interbank Offered Rate (SAIBOR) is a daily reference rate, published by the Saudi Central Bank, based on the averaged interest rates at which Saudi banks offer to lend unsecured funds to other banks in the Saudi Riyal wholesale money market.
The Karachi Interbank Offered Rate (KIBOR) is a daily reference rate based on the interest rates at which banks offer to lend unsecured funds to other banks in the Karachi wholesale money market. The banks used it as a benchmark in their lending to corporate sector.
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