Mansa district, India

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Mansa district
District of Punjab
Old well in Raipur, Mansa.jpg
Old well in Raipur village
Mansa in Punjab (India).svg
Location in Punjab
Coordinates: 29°59′N75°23′E / 29.983°N 75.383°E / 29.983; 75.383
CountryFlag of India.svg  India
State Punjab
Headquarters Mansa
Area
[‡]
 • Total2,174 km2 (839 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total769,751
 • Density350/km2 (900/sq mi)
Languages
 • Official Punjabi
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
ISO 3166 code IN-PB
Sex ratio 1000/880 ♂/♀
Literacy63%
Website www.mansa.nic.in

Mansa district is a district in the state of Punjab, India. The district headquarters is Mansa city. Mansa district was formed on 13 April 1992 from the erst while district of Bathinda. [1] The district has three tehsils: Mansa, Budhlada and Sardulgarh; and five development blocks: Mansa, Budhlada, Sardulgarh, Bhikhi and Jhunir. [2]

Contents

Geography

The district is roughly triangular in shape and is bounded on the northwest by Bathinda district, on the northeast by Sangrur district, and on the south by Haryana state. It is situated on the Bathinda-Jind-Delhi railway and the Barnala-Sardulgarh-Sirsa road. The district is divided into three tehsils, Budhlada, Mansa, and Sardulgarh. The Ghaggar River flows through the Sardulgarh Tehsil in the southwestern corner of the district.

History

Mansa District was formerly a part of the Phulkia Sikh Dynasty (1722–1948) then part of Kaithal Sikh Kingdom (1762–1857). The present district was formed on 13 April 1992 from the erstwhile Bathinda district. The town is said to have been founded by Bhai Gurdas who hailed from Dhingar, Mansa district. He is said to have been married at this place among the Dhaliwal Jat Sikh. Once he came to his in-laws to take his wife along with him but they refused to send her. At this, Bhai Gurdas sat in meditation before the house of his in-laws. After some time, the parents of the girl agreed to send their daughter with Bhai Gurdas. But he refused to take her along with him, stating that he had now renounced the worldly way of life. In his memory, his Smadh was constructed where a fair is held every year in March–April. People in large numbers attend the fair and offer Laddus and Gur (jaggery) at Smadh. Class ‘A’ municipality has been functioning in the town since 1952. The town has two Colleges, viz. Govt. Nehru Memorial Post Graduate College and S.D. Kanya Mahavidyalaya College, 3 Senior Secondary Schools, 90 High Schools, 1 Middle School, 1 Primary School, and one District Library and has one civil hospital, 3 Dispensaries, 1 Ayurvedic, and 4 Homeopathic dispensaries. There are two police stations i.e. PS City and PS Sadar and also a railway station.

Ancient period

The ancient history of the Mansa district has been traced to the Indus Valley civilization. The archaeological finds at different villages of Mansa district are almost similar to those of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. [3] [4] It is divided into three parts Pre-Harappa, Harappa and Late Harappa.

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1951241,932—    
1961319,389+2.82%
1971402,099+2.33%
1981486,842+1.93%
1991574,662+1.67%
2001688,758+1.83%
20112,423,655+13.41%
source: [5]

According to the 2011 census Mansa district has a population of 2,423,655. [6] This gives it a ranking of 489th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 352 inhabitants per square kilometre (910/sq mi), which was second lowest in Punjab. Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 11.62%. Mansa has a sex ratio of 880 females for every 1000 males and a literacy rate of 90%. [6]

Gender

The table below shows the sex ratio of Mansa district through decades.

Sex ratio of Mansa district [7]
Census YearRatio
2011883
2001879
1991873
1981869
1971852
1961830
1951824

The table below shows the child sex ratio of children below the age of 6 years in the rural and urban areas of Mansa district.

Child sex ratio of children below the age of 6 years in Mansa district [8]
YearUrbanRural
2011820840
2001778783

Religions

Religion in Mansa district (2011) [9]
ReligionPercent
Sikhism
 
77.75%
Hinduism
 
20.34%
Islam
 
1.35%
Other or not stated
 
0.57%

The table below shows the population of different religions in absolute numbers in the urban and rural areas of Mansa district.

Absolute numbers of different religious groups in Mansa district [10]
ReligionUrban (2011)Rural (2011)Urban (2001)Rural (2001)
Hindu89,26267,27780,27258,953
Sikh70,2615,28,18258,8684,80,646
Muslim2,1458,2301,3705,701
Christian17174671327
Other religions1,7651,7221,848702

Languages

Languages of Mansa district (2011) [11]

   Punjabi (98.9%)
   Hindi (1%)
  Others (0.1%)

At the time of the 2011 census, 98.9% of the population spoke Punjabi and 1% Hindi as their first language. [11]

Health

The table below shows the data from the district nutrition profile of children below the age of 5 years, in Mansa, as of year 2020.

District nutrition profile of children under 5 years of age in Mansa, year 2020 [12]
IndicatorsNumber of children (<5 years)Percent (2020)Percent (2016)
Stunted21,47737%30%
Wasted7,09112%16%
Severely wasted1,9883%7%
Underweight13,29623%25%
Overweight/obesity1,8123%1%
Anemia41,22078%52%
Total children58,648

The table below shows the district nutrition profile of Mansa of women between the ages of 15 to 49 years, as of year 2020.

District nutritional profile of Mansa of women of 15-49 years, in 2020 [13]
IndicatorsNumber of women (15-49 years)Percent (2020)Percent (2016)
Underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m^2)38,20016%19%
Overweight/obesity78,20533%24%
Hypertension71,74430%20%
Diabetes27,62812%NA
Anemia (non-preg)143,01260%50%
Anemia (preg)7,54068%38%
Total women (preg)11,052
Total women237,562

Agriculture and industry

Mansa is situated in the cotton belt of Punjab and therefore popularly called the "Area of white gold". Indeed, agriculture forms the backbone of the district economy.

Mansa is home to the largest Thermal Power Plant of Punjab. The Thermal Power Plant has the capacity to produce 1980MW of electricity

Industrially, the district is very deficient, yet some trade and industry is being carried out in urban areas.

Major cities and towns

Village Ubha

Ubha is situated in Mansa District. It is famous for its temple.

Bareta

Bareta is situated on Bathinda–Delhi railway line.

Budhlada or Badlada

Badlada was named after the Budha Singh Badholada, who was a khatri sikh by caste. It is also situated on Bathinda-Delhi railway line. It was the largest market of Eastern Punjab and a very big recruitment centre for military personnel. [14]

Politics

No.ConstituencyName of MLAPartyBench
96 Mansa Vijay Singla Aam Aadmi Party Government
97 Sardulgarh Gurpreet Singh Banawali Aam Aadmi Party Government
98 Budhlada (SC) Budhram Singh Aam Aadmi Party Government

Notable people

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References

  1. ↑ "About | Mansa". www.mansa.nic.in. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  2. ↑ "Gurpreet gets Mansa seat". News in English. Ludhiana. The Tribune. 10 January 2012. Retrieved 17 July 2012.
  3. ↑ Lal, B.B; Gupta, S.P. (1984) [1981-82]. Frontier of Indus Valley Civilization. Delhi.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  4. ↑ "Ancient history of Mansa district". B.B. Lal and S.P. Gupta. www.punjabrevenue.nic.in. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
  5. ↑ "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India". www.censusindia.gov.in.
  6. 1 2 "District Census Hand Book – Mansa" (PDF). Census of India . Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  7. ↑ "District-wise Decadal Sex ratio in Punjab". Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India. 21 January 2022. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  8. ↑ https://punjab.data.gov.in/catalog/district-wise-rural-and-urban-child-population-0-6-years-and-their-sex-ratio-punjab
  9. ↑ "Table C-01 Population by Religious Community: Punjab". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  10. ↑ https://punjab.data.gov.in/catalog/district-wise-population-religion-punjab
  11. 1 2 "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Punjab". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  12. ↑ https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2022-07/Mansa-Punjab.pdf
  13. ↑ https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2022-07/Mansa-Punjab.pdf
  14. ↑ Moga, Parminder Singh Grover; Singh, Davinderjit (20 May 2011). Discover Punjab: Attractions of Punjab. Parminder Singh Grover.
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