Mebicar

Last updated
Mebicar
Mebicar.svg
Clinical data
Trade names Adaptol
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • US:Unscheduled; not FDA approved
Pharmacokinetic data
Metabolism Gastrointestinal tract: 77-80 %
Elimination half-life 3h [1]
Excretion Urine: 55 - 70 %
Identifiers
  • 1,3,4,6-Tetramethyltetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d]imidazole-2,5(1H,3H)-dione
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
Chemical and physical data
Formula C8H14N4O2
Molar mass 198.226 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • CN1C2C(N(C1=O)C)N(C(=O)N2C)C
  • InChI=1S/C8H14N4O2/c1-9-5-6(11(3)7(9)13)12(4)8(14)10(5)2/h5-6H,1-4H3
  • Key:XIUUSFJTJXFNGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Mebicar (or tetramethylglycoluril) is an anxiolytic medication produced by Latvian pharmaceutical company Olainfarm and sold in Latvia and Russia under the brand name Adaptol. [2]

Contents

Mebicar chemical structure is similar to metabolites in human body and it doesn't interract with acids, alkali, oxidants and reducing agents. It affects all major neurotransmitter systems.

Mebicar has an effect on the structure of limbic-reticular activity, particularly on hypothalamus emotional zone, as well as on all 4 basic neuromediator systems – γ aminobutyric acid (GABA), choline, serotonin and adrenergic activity. Mebicar decreases the brain noradrenaline level, exerts no effect on the dopaminergic systems, increases the brain serotonin level, and does not elicit cholinolytic action. [3]

Mebicar purportedly has anti-anxiety (anxiolytic) properties. [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] It is also used to aid smoking cessation. [2] In addition, mebicar may be useful in the treatment of ADHD symptoms. [8] In contrast with typical anxiolytic medications such as benzodiazepines, mebicar is non-habit forming, non-sedating and does not impair motor function. [4] [2]

It can be prepared by condensation of dimethyl urea (which can be made by n, n methylating urea using paraformaldehyde+oxalic acid dihydrate) with glyoxal. One recent publication described an elegant variation in which the two reactants are combined in an aqueous solution with phosphoric anhydride as the catalyst; the reaction takes place at room temperature, is fast, with essentially quantitative yield, and the procedure is easy and cost efficient because the product precipitates as it is formed, and after removal of the solids by filtration, the leftover solution can be used one or more times with no additional catalyst (with a longer reaction time).[ citation needed ]

As of 2021, mebicar has not been evaluated by the U.S. medical system.

Medical uses

Mebicar is used in Latvia and Russia, as a pharmaceutical drug to treat anxiety and to prevent or reduce anxiety, unrest, fear, internal emotional tension and irritability, reduce neuroses and neurotic disorders, heartburns of non-coronary heart disease origin. These effects are not accompanied with relaxation of muscle tone and impaired coordination of movement, suppression of mental and physical activity, so the drug can be used without interruption of work or school.

Mebicar does not have a direct effect on sleep, however, it enhances the effectiveness of sleep medicines and normalizes the course of disturbed sleep. Mebicar alleviates or eliminates the manifestations of nicotine dependence that occur after smoking cessation. Mebicar does not cause mood swings or euphoria, no habituation and addiction, withdrawal syndrome has been observed.

Side effects

Possible and rare side effects may include dizziness, hypotension, indigestion, allergic reactions (itchy skin) after high doses, hypothermia, fatigue. And lowered blood pressure and / or body temperature decreased by 1-1.5°C. Blood pressure and body temperature return to normal after completion of treatment. [9]

See also

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References

  1. ↑ US 20110070305,Schwarz J, Weisspapir M,"Sustained release pharmaceutical composition containing mebicar"
  2. 1 2 3 "Adaptol product summary". Archived from the original on 2013-10-13. Retrieved 2013-05-29.
  3. 1 2 Val'dman AV, Zaikonnikova IV, Kozlovskaia MM, Zimakova IE (May 1980). "[Characteristics of the psychotropic spectrum of action of mebicar]". Biulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii I Meditsiny. 89 (5): 568–70. PMID   6104993.
  4. 1 2 Val'dman AV, Zaikonnikova IV, Kozlovskaya MM, Zimakova IE (1980). "A study of the spectrum of psychotropic action of mebicar". Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine. 89 (5): 621–624. doi:10.1007/BF00835799. S2CID   11343572.
  5. ↑ Mkrtchian VR, Kozhokova LZ (2012). "[Adaptol--verges of possible]". Likars'ka Sprava (5): 125–33. PMID   23534281.
  6. ↑ Chutko LS, Rozhkova AV, Sidorenko VA, Surushkina SI, Tursunova KB (2012). "[Generalized anxiety disorder: psychosomatic aspects and treatment approaches]". Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova. 112 (1): 40–4. PMID   22678674.
  7. ↑ Chutko LS, Surushkina SI, Nikishena IS, Iakovenko EA, Anisimova TI, Kuzovenkova MP (2010). "[Asthenic disorders in children]". Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova. 110 (11 Pt 1): 26–9. PMID   21183919.
  8. ↑ Chutko LS, Surushkina SI, Nikishena IS, Iakovenko EA, Anisimova TI, Sergeev AV (2009). "[Adaptol in the treatment of ADHD]". Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova. 109 (8): 45–8. PMID   19738569.
  9. ↑ "Adaptol (Mebicarum) – State Agency of Medicines of Latvia - Summary of product characteristics". State Agency of Medicines of Latvia (in Latvian).
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