The 4G6 gasoline engines were the favoured performance variant for Mitsubishi. The 4G61T powered their Colt Turbo, while the 4G63T, first introduced in the 1980 Lancer EX 2000 Turbo, went on to see service in the Sapporo and Starion coupés during the so-called "turbo era" of the 1980s, before creating for itself an illustrious motorsport heritage as the powerplant under the hood of the World Rally Championship-winning Lancer Evolution. A UK-market Evo known as the FQ400 had a 400bhp (298kW; 406PS) version of the Sirius, making it the most powerful car ever sold by Mitsubishi.
The 4D6 diesel engines supplemented the larger 4D5. Bore pitch is 93mm.
4G61 (1.6 liters)
The 4G61 displaces 1,595cc (1.6L) with bore/ full length stroke of 82.3mm ×75mm (3.24in ×2.95in). This engine was always DOHC16-valve and used either Multi-point (MPFI) or Electronic Control (ECFI) fuel injection. A turbocharged version was also produced for the Mirage and Lancer. Unlike the other Sirius motors, the 4G61 does not have balance shafts.
Performance
4G61 105hp (78kW; 106PS) at 6100 rpm.
4G61T (USA/Canada only) 135hp (101kW; 137PS) at 6000rpm and 191N⋅m (141lbf⋅ft) of torque at 3000rpm.
4G61T (Japan, early) 145PS (107kW; 143hp) at 6000rpm and 206N⋅m (152lb⋅ft) of torque at 2500rpm.
(late) 160PS (118kW; 158hp) at 6000rpm and 221N⋅m (163lb⋅ft) of torque at 2500rpm.
The larger 1.8L 4G62 was an SOHC 8-valve unit for longitudinalrear-wheel drive and all-wheel drive use. With a bore and stroke of 80.6mm ×88mm (3.17in ×3.46in), it displaces 1,795cc (1.8L). It was available either in carburetor form, multi-point fuel injection, or ECI Turbo as found in the Lancer EX 1800GSR or 1800GT, and Cordia GSR.
G63B Cyclone Dash 3x2 in a fifth generation Galant
The 4G63 was a 1,997cc (2.0L) version.
Bore x stroke is 85mm ×88mm (3.35in ×3.46in)SOHC and DOHC were produced. Both versions were available in either naturally aspirated and turbocharged form. For front-wheel drive applications, the turbocharged Sirius' name was changed to "Cyclone Dash". As fitted to the fifth generation Galant200PS (147kW; 197bhp) JIS gross were claimed - the output claims later shrank to 170PS (125kW; 168bhp) - for the turbocharged and intercooled "Sirius Dash 3x2 valve" engine. This version could switch between breathing through two or three valves per cylinder, to combine high top-end power with low-end drivability as well as allowing for economical operation.[1] It was a modification of Mitsubishi MCA-Jet technology which used a secondary intake valve to inject air into the engine for more efficient emissions control. The DOHC version was introduced in 1987 in the Japanese market Galant, and came in turbocharged or naturally aspirated form. It is found in various models including the 1988-92 Mitsubishi Galant VR-4, the U.S. market 1990-1999 Mitsubishi Eclipse, and the Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution I-IX. Later versions also received Mitsubishi's variable valve timing system, MIVEC.
A SOHC carbureted eight-valve version (engine code G63B) was also available in Mitsubishi's pickup trucks (L200, Strada, Mighty Max, Dodge Ram 50) from the eighties until the mid-nineties. It produces 92hp (69kW; 93PS) at 5500rpm in European trim (1989).[2] The SOHC version was also used in Mitsubishi Galant models until 1993. It has 76kW (102bhp; 103PS) of output and 157N⋅m (116lbf⋅ft) of torque at4,750rpm.
Also, a SOHC version was produced until the late 90s and early 2000s and was used in Mitsubishi cars like the Montero and the 2.0 L 2-door Pajero with an output of 101kW (137PS; 135bhp) at 4700rpm. Also the N33 and N83 Space Wagons and Galant (UK market) received the 4G63, in single-cam sixteen-valve format. A similar version, with 100PS (74kW; 99bhp), was also used in some light duty Mitsubishi Canters from 1997 on.[3]
The Mitsubishi Eclipse, Eagle Talon and Plymouth Laser introduced the DOHC turbocharged intercooled version to the U.S. in 1989 through Diamond Star Motors, a joint venture between Mitsubishi Motors and the Chrysler Corporation. From 1990 to late April 1992 came thicker connecting rods and the use of six bolts to secure the flywheel to the crankshaft; May 1992 to 2006 Evolution versions have lighter rods and use seven bolts to secure the flywheel to the crankshaft. They are referred to as the "six bolt" and "seven bolt" engines, respectively.
Output for the 2003 US Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution is 202kW (271bhp; 275PS) at 6500rpm with 370N⋅m (273lb⋅ft) of torque at 3500rpm. It has a cast iron engine block and aluminium DOHC cylinder head. It uses multi-point fuel injection, has four valves per cylinder, is turbocharged and intercooled and features forged steel connecting rods. The final version of the engine was found in Lancer Evolution IX. It was equipped with Mitsubishi's variable valve timing system, MIVEC. This version also had a revised turbocharger, extended reach spark plugs, two-piece rings.
A SOHC 16 valve turbocharged version called 4G63S4T is produced by Shenyang Aerospace Mitsubishi Motors Engine Manufacturing (SAME) in Shenyang, China, producing a peak power of 130kW (174hp; 177PS) and a peak torque of 253N⋅m (187lb⋅ft) for most applications, and rated 140kW (188hp; 190PS) in some applications. This version is equipped with a TD04 turbocharger.
Racing
Its turbocharged variant, 4G63T (also sometimes referred to simply as the 4G63), has powered Mitsubishi vehicles in World Rally Championships (WRC) for years in the Lancer EX 2000 Turbo, Galant VR-4, Lancer Evolution, Carisma GT, and Lancer WRC04. It was the powerplant of the Lancer Evolution when Tommi Mäkinen won his four consecutive WRC championships in his Lancer. MHI and T-4 turbos were both used as power for these engines. A 1.7L variant of the 4G63 was also used in a custom made hill-climb a DDR Motorsport DDR Grullón GT4 made by Komvet Racing.[4]
The 4G64 is the second largest variant, at 2,351cc (2.4L). Early models were 8-valve SOHC, but a later 16-valve SOHC and DOHC version was also produced. All used MPFI and had a bore and stroke of 86.5mm ×100mm (3.41in ×3.94in). The 4G64 was later also available with gasoline direct injection. Output varies between 155hp (116kW; 157PS) at 5,250 rpm with 163lb⋅ft (221N⋅m) of torque at 4,000 rpm in the Mitsubishi L200 and 152hp (113kW; 154PS) at 5,500rpm with 163lb⋅ft (221N⋅m) of torque at 4,000 rpm in the Chrysler Sebring/Stratus. The Chrysler version features fracture-split forged powder metal connecting rods. The DOHC and SOHC 16-valve 4G64 are interference engines, while the SOHC 8-valve 4G64 is a non interference engine. From March 1996 an LPG version with 115hp (86kW; 117PS) at 5,000rpm was available in the Mitsubishi Canter.[3]
The 4G64 is a very popular engine in China, where it is still used on the Changfeng Lièbào, a series of cars based on the Mitsubishi Pajero V20 from 2002 to 2021, and the Soueast Delica based on the Mitsubishi Delica van from 1996 to 2013. The 4G64 engine has been produced by Shenyang Aerospace Mitsubishi Motors Engine Manufacturing (SAME), in Shenyang, China where it was assembled through semi-knockdown kits in August 1998 and complete knockdown kits in September 1999. Regular assembling of the engines took place in April 2000.[5] The Chinese market Ford Transit and its successor, the JMC Teshun use the 4G64 engine as a standard petrol option unlike the international version which uses regular Ford engines.
Known as the "Sirius Diesel", the 4D65 has the same dimensions as the 4G621,795cc (1.8L). It was available either naturally aspirated or turbocharged (with an air-to-air intercooler), and was used in most Mitsubishi diesel passenger cars in the eighties and beginning of the nineties. It was developed specifically to be transversally installed in front-wheel-drive cars, unlike the preceding 4D5-series which remained in production for commercial vehicles. The 1.8 TD power figures are comparable to those of the 22 percent larger, 2.3 liter 4D55, with more low-down torque and while being much smoother.[6] The cast-iron block was typical for Mitsubishi, but unusual for diesel engines, in being equipped with balance shafts.[7] A number of installations combined this engine with four-wheel-drive.
1993–1995 Hyundai Elantra, this engine was called G4CN by Hyundai
4D68 (2.0 liter diesel)
Mitsubishi 4D68 engine mounted in a 1998 Galant Station Wagon (Legnum)
Known as the "Sirius Diesel", the 4D68 version displaces 1,998cc (2.0L). It is fitted with a 93mm (3.66in) stroke crankshaft and the cylinder bore diameter is 82.7mm (3.26in). This engine uses pistons with a static compression ratio of 22.4:1 and piston pins are 25mm (0.98in) OD. It was available either naturally aspirated or turbocharged, and replaced the 4D65 as Mitsubishi's "go-to" diesel.
The 4G69 is a 2,378cc (2.4L) version built in Shiga, Japan and Shenyang, China. Bore and stroke is 87mm ×100mm (3.43in ×3.94in). Output is 120kW (161hp; 163PS) at 5750 rpm (160 in the Sportback Wagon) with 219N⋅m (162lb⋅ft) of torque at 3500 rpm. It has a cast iron engine block (later switch to aluminum block) and an aluminum SOHC cylinder head. It uses multi-point fuel injection, has 4 valves per cylinder with roller followers and features forged steel connecting rods, a one-piece cast camshaft, and a cast aluminum intake manifold. The 4G69 incorporates Mitsubishi's MIVECVariable Valve Timing technology.
Mitsubishi ceased any further development and production of Sirius engine after 2012 model year, and its Chinese joint-venture, Shenyang Aerospace Mitsubishi Motors Engine Manufacturing Co., is now the only one producing 4G69 engines. They are used by Chinese manufacturers only, but have been updated to use an aluminum block while adding a timing chain.
A SOHC 16 valve turbocharged engine similar to 4G63S4T, produced by SAME in Shenyang, China, utilizing a 4G63 shortblock destroked to a displacement of 1.8L; 109.7cuin (1,798cc).[9]
Displacement: 1,798 cc
Bore × Stroke (mm): 85 × 79.2
Compression ratio: 9.4:1
Multi-point intake manifold injection
Turbocharger model: TD04
Peak power: 120kW (161hp; 163PS)
Peak torque: 231N⋅m (170lb⋅ft) at 2,500 ~ 5,000 rpm
Minimum fuel consumption rate: 255 g/kw·h
4K1 series
The 4K1 New MIVEC series is based on 4G6 shortblock but mated to a redesigned SOHC 16 valve head with VVL and MIVEC technology. Combustion chambers and piston surfaces were re-engineered to improve fuel economy by lowering friction. All 4K1 models are naturally aspirated and are currently produced by SAME in Shenyang, China.
4K10 (1.8 liters)
Destroked 4G63 shortblock, same as 4G6A but with the new SOHC MIVEC head.
Displacement: 1,798 cc
Bore × Stroke (mm): 85 × 79.2
Compression ratio: 10.5:1
Multi-point intake manifold injection
Peak power: 100kW (134hp; 136PS) at 6,000 rpm
Peak torque: 170N⋅m (125lb⋅ft) at 4,000 rpm
Minimum fuel consumption rate: 245 g/kw·h
No balance shaft
4K11 (2.0 liters)
Utilized 4G63 shortblock.
Displacement: 1,997 cc
Bore × Stroke (mm): 85 × 88
Compression ratio: 10.5:1
Multi-point intake manifold injection
Peak power: 110kW (148hp; 150PS) at 6,000 rpm
Peak torque: 190N⋅m (140lb⋅ft) at 4,000 rpm
Minimum fuel consumption rate: 245 g/kw·h
Optional balance shaft
4K12 (2.4 liters)
Utilized 4G69 shortblock.
Displacement: 2,378 cc
Bore × Stroke (mm): 87 × 100
Compression ratio: 10.5:1
Multi-point intake manifold injection
Peak power: 120kW (161hp; 163PS) at 6,000 rpm
Peak torque: 225N⋅m (166lb⋅ft) at 4,000 rpm
Minimum fuel consumption rate: 245 g/kw·h
Standard balance shaft
All 4K1 models are available for both longitudinal and transverse applications.
4K2 series
In 2017, Mitsubishi launched a new series of gasoline inline-four engines called the 4K2 series. Originally consisting of three models, 4K20, 4K21 and 4K22, they are available in naturally aspirated as well as turbocharged versions.[10] This new design is based on the 4G6 shortblock, mated to a newly designed DOHC 16-valve head with MIVEC technology.
Peak power: 160kW (215hp; 218PS) at 5,600 rpm (4K22D4T) 118kW (158hp; 160PS) at 6,000 rpm (4K22D4M)
Peak torque: 320N⋅m (236lb⋅ft) at 2,400 ~ 4,000 rpm (4K22D4T) 218N⋅m (161lb⋅ft) at 4,000 rpm (4K22D4M)
Standard balance shaft
Longitudinal application only
4K3 series
4K31
In 2022, Mitsubishi (SAME in Shenyang, China) launched the new generation of in-Line 4 cylinder Turbo supercharged gasoline direct injection engine (TGDI). It also has six technologies, including variable displacement oil pump, double vortex turbocharger, intake and exhaust door timing variable, high compression ratio, lightweight design, mute technology, etc. It is more efficient and more fuel-efficient.
Displacement: 1,997 cc (4K31TD)
Compression ratio: 10.5:1
Peak power: 168 KW (225 hp, 228 PS)
Peak torque: 360 N.m
Applications:
2022 Zhengzhou Nissan Rich 7 (Pickup Ruiqi 7).
2022 Zhengzhou Nissan Palaso/Palasso.
2023 Zhengzhou Nissan New Paladin (based on Nissan Terra).
The Mitsubishi Eclipse is a sport compact car that was produced by Mitsubishi in four generations from 1989 until 2011. A convertible body style was added during the 1996 model year.
The F engine family from Mazda is a mid-sized inline-four piston engine with iron block, alloy head and belt-driven SOHC and DOHC configurations. Introduced in 1983 as the 1.6-litre F6, this engine was found in the Mazda B-Series truck and Mazda G platform models such as Mazda 626/Capella as well as many other models internationally including Mazda Bongo and Ford Freda clone, Mazda B-series based Ford Courier, Mazda 929 HC and the GD platform-based Ford Probe
The Mitsubishi 6A1 engine is a series of piston V6 engines from Mitsubishi Motors, found in their small and medium vehicles through the 1990s. They ranged from 1.6 to 2.5 L in size, and came with a variety of induction methods and cylinder head designs and configurations.
The Mitsubishi Lancer is an automobile produced by the Japanese manufacturer Mitsubishi Motors since 1973.
The Mitsubishi Astron or 4G5/4D5 engine, is a series of straight-four internal combustion engines first built by Mitsubishi Motors in 1972. Engine displacement ranged from 1.8 to 2.6 litres, making it one of the largest four-cylinder engines of its time.
The Mitsubishi Orion or 4G1 engine is a series of inline-four internal combustion engines introduced by Mitsubishi Motors in around 1977, along with the Astron, Sirius, and Saturn. It was first introduced in the Colt and Colt-derived models in 1978. Displacement ranges from 1.2 to 1.6 L.
The Mitsubishi Saturn or 4G3 engine is series of overhead camshaft (OHC) straight-four internal combustion engines introduced by Mitsubishi Motors and saw first service in the 1969 Colt Galant. Displacement ranges from 1.2 to 1.8 L, although there was also a rare 2-litre (1,994 cc) inline-six version built from 1970 until 1976. The early versions have chain driven valvetrain while the later versions are belt driven and equipped with balance shafts.
The Mitsubishi 4G9 engine is a series of straight-4 automobile engines produced by Mitsubishi Motors. All are 16-valve, and use both single- and double- overhead camshaft heads. Some feature MIVEC variable valve timing, and it was the first modern gasoline direct injection engine upon its introduction in August 1996.
The 6G7 series or Cyclone V6 engine is a series of V6 piston engines from Mitsubishi Motors. Five displacement variants were produced from 1986 to 2021, with both SOHC and DOHC, naturally aspirated and turbo charged layouts. While MIVEC variable valve timing has also been implemented in some versions the 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 L versions were also available with gasoline direct injection. This engine has been the flagship powerplant of the company except when they briefly built a V8 in 1999–2001. The staple of their high-end sedans, it was given twin-turbos for the Mitsubishi GTO, and became the most powerful car ever built by the company at the time.
The Toyota RZ engine family is a straight-four piston engine series built in Japan. The RZ series uses a cast-iron engine block and aluminum SOHC or DOHC cylinder heads. It has electronic fuel injection (EFI), 2 or 4 valves per cylinder and features forged steel connecting rods.
The Hyundai Alpha series is a multi-valve gasoline inline four-cylinder engine family comprising 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, and 1.6 L naturally aspirated versions and a 1.5 L turbocharged version. Introduced in 1992, this was Hyundai's first engine designed entirely in-house and was the first indigenous South Korean engine design. Design objectives were to provide high performance and good fuel economy with excellent durability at a reasonable cost.
The Hyundai Sirius engine was the company's first larger inline-four engine, with displacements from 1.8 L to 2.4 L. It is a license-built Mitsubishi construction. This engine is no longer used by Hyundai.
The Honda D series inline-four cylinder engine is used in a variety of compact models, most commonly the Honda Civic, CRX, Logo, Stream, and first-generation Integra. Engine displacement ranges between 1.2 and 1.7 liters. The D Series engine is either SOHC or DOHC, and might include VTEC variable valve lift. Power ranges from 66 PS (49 kW) in the Logo to 130 PS (96 kW) in the Civic Si. D-series production commenced in 1984 and ended in 2005. D-series engine technology culminated with production of the D15B 3-stage VTEC (D15Z7) which was available in markets outside of the United States. Earlier versions of this engine also used a single port fuel injection system Honda called PGM-CARB, signifying the carburetor was computer controlled.
The Toyota HD is a series of Diesel engines produced by Toyota.
The Mitsubishi 3G8 engine is a range of three-cylinder powerplant from Mitsubishi Motors, introduced in the fifth generation of their Mitsubishi Minica kei car. In common with other contemporary engines in the class, it could be specified with many advanced technologies despite its diminutive size, including multi-valve cylinder heads and double overhead camshafts. The top-of-the-line Dangan ZZ variant was also the first kei car to benefit from turbocharging. In 1987 Mitsubishi was the first manufacturer to supercharge a kei vehicle, and in 1989 became the world's first production car to feature five valves per cylinder, ahead of similar developments by Bugatti, Audi, Ferrari and Toyota.
The Mitsubishi 4A9 engine is the newest family range of all-alloy inline four-cylinder engines from Mitsubishi Motors, introduced in the 2004 version of their Mitsubishi Colt supermini, and built by DaimlerChrysler-owned MDC Power in Germany.
The Mitsubishi 4B1 engine is a range of all-alloy straight-4 piston engines built at Mitsubishi's Japanese "World Engine" powertrain plant in Shiga on the basis of the Global Engine Manufacturing Alliance (GEMA). Although the basic designs of the various engines are the same, their exact specifications are individually tailored for each partner. The cylinder block and other basic structural parts of the engine were jointly developed by the GEMA companies, but the intake and exhaust manifolds, the cylinder head's intake and exhaust ports, and other elements related to engine tuning were independently developed by Mitsubishi.
The Isuzu 6H is a family of inline six-cylinder diesel engines installed in Isuzu medium-duty trucks, and also installed in GM medium-duty trucks as the Duramax LG4. It is mated to the Allison 2500, 3000, and 3500 series transmissions.
References
↑ Yamaguchi, Jack K. (1985), Lösch, Annamaria (ed.), "Japan: Lucrative Contraction", World Cars 1985, Pelham, NY: The Automobile Club of Italy/Herald Books: 51, ISBN0-910714-17-7
↑ Mitsubishi Motors: Commercial Vehicle Range (brochure), Cirencester, Glos., UK: The Colt Car Company, 1989, p.12
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