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Ismail I, also known as Shah Ismail, was the founder of the Safavid dynasty of Iran, ruling as its King of Kings (Shahanshah) from 1501 to 1524. His reign is often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history, as well as one of the gunpowder empires.
Farrukh Yasar was the last independent Shirvanshah of Shirvan (1465–1500). In 1500, the first Safavid ruler, Ismail I, decisively defeated and killed Farrukh Yasar during his conquest of the area. Descendants of Farrukh Yasar continued to rule Shirvan under Safavid suzerainty, until 1538, when Ismail's son and successor Tahmasp I appointed its first Safavid governor, and made it a fully functioning Safavid province.
The Treaty of Zuhab, also called Treaty of Qasr-e Shirin, was an accord signed between the Safavid Empire and the Ottoman Empire on May 17, 1639. The accord ended the Ottoman-Safavid War of 1623–1639 and was the last conflict in almost 150 years of intermittent wars between the two states over territorial disputes. It can roughly be seen as a confirmation of the previous Peace of Amasya from 1555.
Shirvanshahs were the rulers of Shirvan from 861 to 1538. The first ruling line were the Yazidids, an originally Arab and later Persianized dynasty, who became known as the Kasranids. The second ruling line were the Darbandi, distant relatives of the Yazidids/Kasranids.
Shaykh Haydar or Sheikh Haydar was the successor of his father as leader of the Safavid order from 1460 to 1488. Haydar maintained the policies and political ambitions initiated by his father. Under Sheikh Haydar, the order became crystallized as a political movement with an increasingly extremist heterodox Twelver Shi'i coloring and Haydar was viewed as a divine figure by his followers. Shaykh Haydar was responsible for instructing his followers to adopt the scarlet headgear of 12 gores commemorating The Twelve Imams, which led to them being designated by the Turkish term Qizilbash "Red Head".
The Battle of Torches was fought in 1583 during the Ottoman–Safavid War (1578–1590). The name of the battle refers to torches used during night clashes. The battle resulted in an Ottoman victory, and had thereby secured Dagestan and Shirvan until the end of the war.
The Shirvan province was a province founded by the Safavid Empire on the territory of modern Azerbaijan and Russia (Dagestan) between 1501 and 1736 with its capital in the town of Shamakhi.
Shabaran, was a town and district in the historical region of Shirvan, in what is now the eastern part of Azerbaijan.
Shahrukh was the last Shirvanshah, governing Shirvan under Safavid suzerainty from 1535 to 1538. After persistent disloyalty, the Safavid shah (king) Tahmasp I expelled him, and made Shirvan a full administrative subunit of Safavid Iran. Subsequently, he appointed his brother Alqas Mirza as its governor.
Burhan Ali was a self-declared Shah of Shirvan. He claimed to be son of Khalilullah II.
Gurban was the self-declared Shah of Shirvan after the downfall of Mehrab of Shirvan.
Kavus Mirza was the self-declared Shah of Shirvan in exile after the downfall of Gasim Mirza.
Abu Bakr Mirza was the final self-declared Shah of Shirvan after the downfall of Kavus Mirza.
Gokcheh Sultan Ziyadoghlu Qajar, better known as Shahverdi Sultan, was a Safavid military leader of Turkoman origin, who served as the governor of Karabakh and Ganja during the reign of king Tahmasp I.
Abu'l Ghazi Sultan Alqas Mirza, better known as Alqas Mirza, was a Safavid prince and the second son of king (shah) Ismail I. In early 1546, with Ottoman help, he staged a revolt against his brother Tahmasp I, who was king at the time.
The conquest of Shirvan was the first campaign of Ismail, the leader of the Safavid order. In late 1500, Ismail marched into Shirvan, and, despite heavily outnumbered, decisively defeated the then incumbent Shirvanshah Farrukh Yassar in a pitched battle, in which the latter and his entire army were killed. The conquest resulted in the toppling of the Shirvanshahs as autonomous rulers, who had ruled large parts of the Caucasus for centuries, and the incorporation of their domain.
Hasan-Ali Khan Daghestani was a Safavid official of Lezgian origin, who served as the governor (beglarbeg) of Shirvan (1718) and of Shamakhi. He was a nephew of the Safavid grand vizier Fath-Ali Khan Daghestani (1716-1720).
Mirza Ata-Allah Isfahani was a high-ranking Persian statesman in the early Safavid era, who served as the vizier of Azerbaijan, Qarabagh, and Shirvan.
Galeyi Beygurt, also known as Galey-Bughurt or simply Bughurt fortress is a historic monument located 20 km north-east of the center of Shamakhi city.
Murad's Gate is a large portal located in the eastern wall of the Shirvanshahs’ Palace complex central courtyard. It is the only building of the 16th century on the territory of the complex.
