The United States courts of appeals are the intermediate appellate courts of the United States federal judiciary. The courts of appeals are divided into 13 "Circuits". Eleven of the circuits are numbered "First" through "Eleventh" and cover geographic areas of the United States and hear appeals from the U.S. district courts within their borders. The District of Columbia Circuit covers only Washington,DC. The Federal Circuit hears appeals from federal courts across the United States in cases involving certain specialized areas of law. The courts of appeals also hear appeals from some administrative agency decisions and rulemaking,with by far the largest share of these cases heard by the D.C. Circuit. Appeals from decisions of the courts of appeals can be taken to the U.S. Supreme Court.
The U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Georgia is a United States district court which serves the residents of seventy counties from five divisions from its headquarters in Macon,Georgia.
William Holcombe Pryor Jr. is an American lawyer who has served as the chief judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit since 2020. He was appointed as a United States circuit judge of the court by President George W. Bush in 2004. He is a former commissioner of the United States Sentencing Commission. Previously,he was the attorney general of Alabama,from 1997 to 2004.
Muntaqim v. Coombe,449 F.3d 371,was a legal challenge to New York State’s law disenfranchising individuals convicted of felonies while in prison and on parole. The plaintiff,Jalil Abdul Muntaqim who was serving a life sentence at the time,argued that the law had a disproportionate impact on African Americans and therefore violated Section 2 of the federal Voting Rights Act as a denial of the right to vote on account of race.
Timothy Michael Tymkovich is an American lawyer who has served as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit since 2003;serving as chief judge from 2015 to 2022. In November 2023,he was designated by Chief Justice John Roberts to serve as a judge of the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review.
Charles R. Wilson is a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit.
George Steven Agee is a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and a former justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia.
Voting rights of United States citizens who live in Puerto Rico,like the voting rights of residents of other United States territories,differ from those of United States citizens in each of the fifty states and the District of Columbia. Residents of Puerto Rico and other U.S. territories do not have voting representation in the United States Congress,and are not entitled to electoral votes for president. The United States Constitution grants congressional voting representation to U.S. states,which Puerto Rico and other U.S. territories are not,specifying that members of Congress shall be elected by direct popular vote and that the president and the vice president shall be elected by electors chosen by the states.
Stanley Marcus is a senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit and a former United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida.
Karen LeCraft Henderson is an American lawyer and jurist who serves as a U.S. circuit judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. She was a U.S. district judge on the United States District Court for the District of South Carolina from 1986 to 1990.
Adalberto Jose Jordan is an American lawyer who serves as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. He is also an adjunct professor at the University of Miami School of Law,his alma mater,and at Florida International University's College of Law. In February 2016,The New York Times identified Jordan as a potential Supreme Court nominee to replace Justice Antonin Scalia. In early March,Jordan removed himself from consideration.
Beverly Baldwin Martin is a former United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit and a former United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia.
Barbara Jacobs Rothstein is a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington.
Barbara Lagoa is an American attorney and jurist serving as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. Prior to becoming a federal judge,she was the first Latina and Cuban American woman appointed to serve as a justice of the Supreme Court of Florida.
William Joseph Kayatta Jr. is an American lawyer who has served as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit since 2013.
Jill Anne Pryor is a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. Pryor was born in Harrisburg,Pennsylvania.
Mark Eaton Walker is the chief United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Florida.
Michelle Taryn Friedland is a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.
Eric David Miller is an American attorney and jurist serving as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.
Robert Joshua Luck is an American lawyer and jurist who serves as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit and was formerly a justice of the Florida Supreme Court. A Miami native,he has previously served as an Assistant United States Attorney and as a judge on the Eleventh Judicial Circuit Court of Florida and then the Florida Third District Court of Appeal.
