Rhytididae

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Rhytididae
Powelliphanta "Augustus".jpg
A live Powelliphanta augusta from the upper Waimangaroa River.
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Superorder: Eupulmonata
Order: Stylommatophora
Superfamily: Rhytidoidea
Family: Rhytididae
Pilsbry, 1893

Rhytididae is a taxonomic family of medium-sized predatory air-breathing land snails, carnivorous terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Rhytidoidea. [1]

Contents

This family has two subfamilies:

A shell of Powelliphanta hochstetteri hochstetteri. Powelliphanta shell.jpg
A shell of Powelliphanta hochstetteri hochstetteri.

Anatomy

In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 26 and 35 (according to the values in this table). [2]

Distribution

This family of land snails has a range which extends from South Africa to New Guinea, some of the higher South Pacific islands, New Zealand [3] and Australia.

The New Zealand genera include Delos, Delouagapia, Paryphanta, Powelliphanta, Rhytida, Wainuia and Schizoglossa. These, however, probably do not form a monophyletic group, as indicated by their differences in their size, shape and radular morphology. [4]

Genera

Genera within the family Rhytididae include:

Life cycle

Eggs of New Zealand's species are generally deposited in leaf mould. Eggs are usually laid from late October to early December, with exception in some species as Powelliphanta spedeni in March. [5]

Related Research Articles

<i>Powelliphanta</i> Genus of gastropods

Powelliphanta is a genus of large, air-breathing land snails, pulmonate gastropods in the family Rhytididae, found only in New Zealand. They are carnivorous, eating invertebrates, mostly native earthworms. Often restricted to very small areas of moist forest, they are prey to introduced mammalian predators, and many species are threatened or endangered.

<i>Paryphanta</i> Genus of gastropods

Paryphanta is a genus of land snails in the family Rhytididae. Species from New Zealand are known commonly as kauri snails. They are closely related and similar to snails in the genus Powelliphanta, which was formerly included within Paryphanta.

<i>Schizoglossa</i> Genus of gastropods

Schizoglossa, common name the Pāua slugs, is a genus of medium-sized to large predatory, air-breathing, land slugs, carnivorous terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Rhytididae. They are currently classified by the New Zealand Department of Conservation as Nationally Vulnerable.

<i>Wainuia</i> Genus of gastropods

Wainuia is a genus of air-breathing predatory land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Rhytididae. Species in this genus occur in New Zealand.

<i>Wainuia urnula</i> Species of gastropod

Wainuia urnula is a species of air-breathing predatory land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae.

<i>Rhytida</i> Genus of gastropods

Rhytida is a genus of medium-sized, air-breathing, predatory land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Rhytididae.

<i>Powelliphanta superba</i> Species of gastropod

Powelliphanta superba is a species of large, carnivorous land snail in the family Rhytididae, which is endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Five subspecies are recognised, all of which are classified by the New Zealand Department of Conservation as being Nationally Endangered.

<i>Powelliphanta rossiana</i> Species of gastropod

Powelliphanta rossiana, known as Ross' land snail, is a species of large, carnivorous land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae. This species is endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Subspecies include:

<i>Powelliphanta gilliesi</i> Species of gastropod

Powelliphanta gilliesi, one of the "amber snails", is a species of large, carnivorous land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae.

Powelliphanta hochstetteri anatokiensis, known as one of the amber snails, is a subspecies of large, carnivorous land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae. It is found in New Zealand.

<i>Powelliphanta hochstetteri bicolor</i> Subspecies of gastropod

Powelliphanta hochstetteri bicolor, known as one of the amber snails, is a subspecies of large, carnivorous land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae.

Powelliphanta hochstetteri consobrina, known as one of the amber snails, is a subspecies of large, carnivorous land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae.

Powelliphanta hochstetteri obscura, known as one of the amber snails, is a subspecies of large, carnivorous land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae.

<i>Powelliphanta traversi</i> Species of mollusc

Powelliphanta traversi, known as Travers' land snail, is a species of large, carnivorous land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae. This species is endemic to the North Island of New Zealand between Wellington and Lake Waikaremoana.

<i>Powelliphanta lignaria</i> Species of gastropod

Powelliphanta lignaria, known as one of the amber snails, is a species of large, carnivorous land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae. The eggs of P. lignaria are oval and seldom constant in dimensions 10 × 8.25, 9 × 7.75, 9 × 8, 8.75 × 7.75 mm.

Schizoglossa gigantea is a species of large predatory, air-breathing, land slug; a carnivorous terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae. This species is endemic to the North Island of New Zealand.

<i>Rhytida australis</i> Species of gastropod

Rhytida australis is a species of small, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae.

<i>Rhytida meesoni</i> Species of gastropod

Rhytida meesoni is a species of small, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Rhytididae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Baden Powell (malacologist)</span> New Zealand naturalist and paleontologist

Arthur William Baden Powell was a New Zealand malacologist, naturalist and palaeontologist, a major influence in the study and classification of New Zealand molluscs through much of the 20th century. He was known to his friends and family by his third name, "Baden".

References

  1. MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Rhytididae Pilsbry, 1893. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=816183 on 2020-10-22
  2. Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs . CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, ISBN   0-85199-318-4. 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
  3. Powell A. W. B. (1979). New Zealand Mollusca. William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, ISBN   0-00-216906-1
  4. Murray Efford, Robyn Howitt and Dianne Gleeson (September 2002). "Phylogenetic relationships of Wainuia (Mollusca : Pulmonata)—biogeography and conservation implications" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 32 (3): 445–456. doi:10.1080/03014223.2002.9517703. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-09-06.
  5. O'Connor A. C. (June 1945). "Notes on the Eggs of New Zealand Paryphantidae, With Description of a New Subgenus". Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 75(1945-46): 54-57.

Further reading