Company type | Private |
---|---|
Industry | Venture capital |
Founded | 1972 |
Founder | Don Valentine |
Headquarters | , |
Area served | United States, Southeast Asia, India, China, Israel |
Key people | |
Products | Investments |
AUM | US$85 billion (2022) |
Website | sequoiacap |
Sequoia Capital is an American venture capital firm headquartered in Menlo Park, California which specializes in seed stage, early stage, and growth stage investments in private companies across technology sectors. [1] As of 2022, [update] the firm had approximately US$85 billion in assets under management. [2] [3]
Sequoia is an umbrella brand for three different venture entities: one focused on the United States and Europe, another on India and Southeast Asia, and a third on China.
Notable successful investments made by the firm include Apple, ByteDance, and Cisco. [4] [5] [6]
Sequoia was founded by Don Valentine in 1972 in Menlo Park, California, [7] [8] at a time when the state's venture capital industry was just beginning to develop. [9] [10]
Sequoia formed its first venture capital fund in 1974, [9] [11] and was an early investor in Atari the next year. [12] [13] [14] In 1978, Sequoia became one of the first investors in Apple. [13] [15] [16] Partners Doug Leone and Michael Moritz assumed leadership of the firm in 1996. [12] [17]
In 1999, Sequoia established a dedicated investment fund for Israeli startups. [18] [9] In 2005, Sequoia Capital China was established, [19] later followed by Sequoia Capital India. [20]
In 2012, Moritz took a step back from the day-to-day operations of the firm. [21] Leone became Global Managing Partner. [22] [23] Jim Goetz led Sequoia's US business from 2012 until 2017, when he was succeeded by Roelof Botha. [24]
In 2016, Sequoia hired Jess Lee, making her the first female investing partner in the United States in the firm's history. [25] [26]
In 2019, it was the most active VC fund company in India. [27]
In March 2020, Sequoia announced it would hire Luciana Lixandru as its first partner based in Europe. [28] [29]
In October 2021, Sequoia announced it would implement a new fund structure for its U.S. and European business that would allow it to remain involved with companies after their public market debuts. [30] [31] [32]
In March 2022, The Information reported that Sequoia Capital China was raising an $8 billion fund to invest in Chinese tech companies. [33]
Following the collapse of Silicon Valley Bank in March 2023, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation had backstopped Sequoia's $1 billion in deposits in the bank. [34]
In June 2023, Sequoia announced plans to break up into three entities citing complications running a decentralized global investment business in the middle of geopolitical tensions. [35] Following the separation, expected to complete by March 2024, the Chinese business led by Neil Shen would be called HongShan ("sequoia" in Mandarin) and the Indian and Southeast Asia arm would be named Peak XV Partners. The U.S. and Europe unit would retain the Sequoia name. [36] In October 2023, the United States House Select Committee on Strategic Competition between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party announced a probe into Sequoia Capital's investments in China. [37]
Sequoia Capital is structured as a limited liability company. [38] Investors, referred to as limited partners, contribute money to a fund that the firm's general partners then invest in business ventures. [39] [40] Its limited partners have primarily been university endowments, charitable foundations, and other large institutions. [41] [42] [43]
Sequoia specializes in seed stage, [44] early stage, [44] and growth stage [45] investments in private technology companies, [46] including those in the clean tech, consumer internet, crypto, financial services, healthcare, mobile, and robotics sectors. [38] [47] [48] The firm has been often recognized for its strong track record of early investments. [49] [50] The firm has also distinguished itself from other top venture capital firms by diversifying its investments and not just focusing on U.S. early-stage venture capital. [45] [9] [51]
Sequoia is an umbrella brand for three different venture entities: one focused on the U.S. and Europe, another on India and Southeast Asia, and a third on China. [52] Following the June 2023 announcement to make the three entities independent, from 2024 the ventures would no longer share investors or profits. [53] [35]
A notable opportunity missed by Sequoia was the failure to invest in Facebook in its early days c. 2005; John Naughton suggested that this failure led to "fear of missing out" and may have contributed to Sequoia's investing heavily in FTX in 2022, prior to its collapse in 2023. [54]
In 2019, Sequoia made more new seed-stage investments than Series A deals. [55] That same year, Hurun Research Institute identified Sequoia as the world's top unicorn investor, noting it had invested in one in five of all private companies valued at $1 billion or more. [56] [57]
In July 2021, Sequoia published a piece about "the Latin American startup opportunity" that signaled it would increase its focus there. [58] [59]
In October 2021, Sequoia announced the Sequoia Capital Fund, a new fund structure for its U.S. and European business. [60] The fund structure is unique for VC funds as they are typically funds with a 10-year fund cycle instead of an open-ended evergreen fund. [61] The Sequoia fund will no longer need to sell or distribute stock as in the usual VC fund cycle. Instead, limited partners who want liquidity can pull money out of the fund. [62] Sequoia also announced it would become a RIA which would allow the firm more flexibility in its investments. [61]
In February 2022, Sequoia raised a $600 million Sequoia Crypto Fund. As one of the first sub-funds of Sequoia Capital Fund, the crypto fund will mainly invest in cryptocurrencies traded on third-party exchanges. [63]
In June 2022, Sequoia announced that it had raised $2.85 billion in additional funds to invest in India and Southeast Asia. [64] The amount of funds raised is also the largest to date for the company in both India and Southeast Asia. [65]
In July 2023, it reduced the size of its cryptocurrency fund from $585 million to $200 million, and shifted focus to young start-ups after an industry crash. [66]
In 2023, Sequoia launched its Open Source Fellowship to fund up to three open source developers annually via a equity-free fellowship. [67]
Year | Companies |
---|---|
2020s | BitClout, [68] Bolt, [69] FTX, [70] Wiz, [71] Loom, [72] Shein, [73] StrongDM [74] |
2010s | 23andMe, [75] StarkWare Industries, [76] Instacart, [77] Klarna, [78] Nubank, [79] Snowflake, [80] Stripe, [49] WhatsApp, [49] UiPath, [81] ByteDance, [82] Pinduoduo [83] |
2000s | Airbnb, [49] Palo Alto Networks, [84] ServiceNow, [85] Unity Technologies, [86] YouTube [87] |
1970s–1990s | Apple, [49] Cisco, [49] Google, [49] Nvidia, [88] Webvan [5] |
Sequoia Capital along with other notable venture capital investors made an investment in the cryptocurrency exchange FTX, founded by Sam Bankman-Fried. [89] [90] [91] [92] Sequoia was very enthusiastic about FTX, and published an article which was a glowing tribute to Bankman-Fried [93] (since deleted) on its website on 22 September 2022. [54] [94]
FTX failed in 2023, with about $8 billion of investors' money missing, and Bankman-Fried was convicted of fraud. The value of Sequoia's investment in FTX was ultimately written down to $0; it is estimated that they lost $214 million on their investment. [95] The company released a notice to investors, stating that their stake in FTX represented a small amount of their investment portfolio. [96] They also removed the profile of Bankman-Fried from their website. [97] [98] [99]
In 2009, Sequoia launched its scout program, which functions as an individual investor network that provides founders and other individuals with capital to invest in promising early-stage startups. [100] [101] Sequoia Scouts have invested in over 1,000 companies. [102] Sequoia was the first venture capital firm to offer a scout program, and the model has since been emulated by others in the industry. [100] [101]
In December 2020, Sequoia expanded the scout program to Europe. [103]
In 2021, Sequoia partnered on the BLCK VC Scout Network to provide training and education to current and aspiring Black scouts. [102]
In March 2022, Sequoia launched Arc, a structured program in which participants receive $1 million in funding to work with Sequoia partners in both London and Silicon Valley. [104]
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The firm has about $85 billion in assets under management.
Don Valentine created Sequoia Capital in 1972 in Menlo Park, California.
The most prominent VC firms were created in the 1970s. In 1969, the Mayfield Fund was founded; Sequoia Capital and Kleiner, Perkins, Caufield & Byers followed in 1972. By 1975, more than thirty VC firms were located in the Bay Area.
Leone, who has been managing Sequoia since Michael Moritz stepped back because of illness in May, skewered VCs who act like private-equity managers with corner offices and pride in their assets under management and investment "platforms."
Even in his perch as a managing partner at venture firm Sequoia Capital, Leone still carries himself like a hard-luck striver, scrambling for his first decent break.
Gone are the 10-year return cycles, which often pushed investors to liquidate holdings in public companies based on set timelines rather than determinations of when investments had fully matured. Sequoia says that investments will no longer have 'expiration dates;' instead, Sequoia will recycle returns from startup bets back into its central fund which it will redeploy into future investments — what the firm calls a 'continuous feedback loop.'
By getting away with from the standard 10-year structure, Sequoia will have more leeway to not only invest before those kinds of funds but also to stay in the game long after they arrive.
Instead of LP's investing in funds that make speculative investments in risky endeavors, Sequoia wants to keep long-term positions in companies that have proven business models and are embarking on the decade (or longer) process of improving their products and expanding their markets to the entire world.
Venture capitalists don't just provide capital, in other words. They also have to raise it. A firm's managers—called "general partners"—are responsible for finding limited partners to finance investments. They also often have to invest a meaningful amount of their personal wealth in the fund they work for, so that limited partners are assured they have skin in the game. Historically, limited partners have included major pension funds, endowments, and other large institutions.
Sequoia also decided to work with nonprofits, foundations and universities as its own financial backers or limited partners. Those include Harvard, MIT, the Ford Foundation, the Cleveland Clinic and the Mayo Clinic[.]
Consider Sequoia Venture XI Fund, which in 2003 raised $387 million from about 40 limited partners, chiefly universities and foundations
Sequoia has seed, venture and growth funds in the U.S., as well as a global growth fund, but doesn't provide details on its funds. Sequoia most recently raised an $8 billion Global Growth Fund. Limited partners in the funds: Ford Foundation, Mayo Clinic, MIT, Stanford University, The Wellcome Trust, Harvard, Cleveland Clinic
Sequoia invests at all stages with different funds, sometimes getting in on the ground floor and other times pouring in growth capital ahead of an IPO.
His hobby became Sequoia Capital, which over the following five decades has built an unrivaled record of venture capital investing, betting early on Atari and Apple Inc. in the 1970s, Cisco Systems Inc. and Oracle Corp. in the 1980s, Yahoo! and Google in the 1990s, Airbnb Inc. and LinkedIn Corp. in the 2000s, and Stripe Inc., Square Inc. and WhatsApp this decade.
While Sequoia is not as flashy as some of Silicon Valley's newer tech investors, it has built a remarkable track record over the years, as an early investor in technology giants like Apple, Google, Yahoo and Oracle.
In 2019 and 2020, Sequoia made more investments in the companies at that stage than in Series A investments.
According to Huron Global Unicorn Index 2020 released in August, Sequoia Capital has by far captured a total of 109 unicorns, which are private companies valued at $1 billion and more.
Sequoia had about a 22 percent stake in Palo Alto Networks when it went public with a market cap of about $3 billion.The Santa Clara firewall security company (NYSE:PANW) is valued at about $13.5 billion today.