In India, a governor is the constitutional head of a state of India that has similar powers and functions at the state level as those of the president of India at the central level. Governors exist in the states, while lieutenant governors and administrators exist in union territories of Delhi and Puducherry and other union territories. A governor acts as the constitutional head and takes all their decisions based on the advice of chief minister and their council of ministers.
Tamil Nadu Legislative Council was the upper house of the former bicameral legislature of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It began its existence as Madras Legislative Council, the first provincial legislature for Madras Presidency. It was initially created as an advisory body in 1861, by the British colonial government. It was established by the Indian Councils Act 1861, enacted in the British parliament in the aftermath of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. Its role and strength were later expanded by the second Council Act of 1892. Limited election was introduced in 1909. The Council became a unicameral legislative body in 1921 and eventually the upper chamber of a bicameral legislature in 1937. After India became independent in 1947, it continued to be the upper chamber of the legislature of Madras State, one of the successor states to the Madras Presidency. It was renamed as the Tamil Nadu Legislative Council when the state was renamed as Tamil Nadu in 1969. The Council was abolished by the M. G. Ramachandran administration on 1 November 1986. In 1989, 1996 and 2010, the DMK regime headed by M. Karunanidhi tried to revive the Council. The former AIADMK regime (2016-2021) expressed its intention not to revive the council and passed a resolution in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly in this regard.
The Government of Tamil Nadu is the administrative body responsible for the governance of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Chennai is the capital of the state and houses the state executive, legislature and head of judiciary.
The eighth legislative assembly election for Tamil Nadu was held on 24 December 1984. All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) won the election and its general secretary, incumbent M. G. Ramachandran (M.G.R) was sworn in as Chief Minister, for the third time. The election victory was mainly attributed to the sympathy wave created by Indira Gandhi's assassination and M.G.R's illness coupled with Rajiv Gandhi's popularity. This is the last election M.G.R contested as he died in office in 1987. This is also the only General Election which M. Karunanidhi did not contest since 1957 until his death. As of 2023, this is the last election where the ruling party gained seats.
The Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It has a strength of 234 members, all of whom are democratically elected using the first-past-the-post system. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker. The term of the Assembly is five years, unless dissolved earlier.
In India, a chief minister is the elected head of government of each state out of the 28 states and sometimes a union territory (UT). Currently, only the UTs of Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir and Puducherry have serving chief ministers. According to the Constitution of India, the governor is a state's head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister.
The Council of Ministers of West Bengal is the collective decision-making body of the Government of West Bengal, composed of the Chief Minister and bagunnava ra, the most senior of the government ministers. The Cabinet is the ultimate decision-making body of the executive within the Westminster system of government in traditional constitutional theory.
The Uttarakhand Council of Ministers is the executive wing of Government of Uttarakhand and headed by Chief Minister of Uttarakhand, who is the head of government and leader of the state cabinet. The term of every executive wing is for 5 years. The council of ministers are assisted by department secretaries attached to each ministry who are from IAS Uttarakhand Cadre. The chief executive officer responsible for issuing orders on behalf of government is Chief Secretary to the state government. The current Chief Secretary is Dr. Sukhbir Singh Sindhu who took charge from outgoing Om Prakash.
The First Ministry of Palaniswami was the Council of Ministers, headed by Edappadi K. Palaniswami, that was formed after the fifteenth legislative assembly election, which was held on 16th of May 2016. The results of the election were announced on 19 May 2016, and this led to the formation of the 15th Assembly. On 16 February 2017, the Council took office.
Ravindra Narayana Ravi is an Indian politician and former bureaucrat serving as the current and 15th governor of Tamil Nadu. Ravi served as the 18th governor of Nagaland from 1 August 2019 to 9 September 2021 and as Governor of Meghalaya from 18 December 2019 to 26 January 2020.
The Himachal Pradesh Council of Ministers is the executive wing of Government of Himachal Pradesh and headed by Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh, who is the head of government and leader of the state cabinet. The term of every executive wing is for 5 years. The council of ministers are assisted by department secretaries attached to each ministry who are from IAS Himachal Pradesh Cadre. The chief executive officer responsible for issuing orders on behalf of government is Chief Secretary to the state government.
The 21st Council of Ministers for the state of West Bengal was formed under the leadership of Mamata Banerjee. She was sworn in as Chief Minister of West Bengal for the third time on 5 May 2021. The remaining council of ministers was sworn in on 10 May 2021.
The Second Ministry of Ramachandran was the Council of Ministers, headed by M. G. Ramachandran, that was formed after the seventh legislative assembly election, which was held in two phases on 28th and 31st of May 1980. The results of the election were announced in June 1980, and this led to the formation of the 7th Assembly. On 9 June 1980, the Council took office.
The First Ministry of Ramachandran was the Council of Ministers, headed by M. G. Ramachandran, that was formed after the sixth legislative assembly election, which was held in two phases on 12th and 14th of June 1977. The results of the election were announced in June 1977, and this led to the formation of the 6th Assembly. On 30 June 1977, the Council took office.
The Ministry of Annadurai was the Council of Ministers, headed by C. N. Annadurai, that was formed after the fourth legislative assembly election, which was held in three phases on 15th, 18th and 21st February 1967. The results of the election were announced in February 1967, and this led to the formation of the 4th Assembly. On 6 March 1967, the Council took office.
The Andhra Pradesh Council of Ministers are elected legislative members, who are appointed as ministers by the Governor of Andhra Pradesh to form the executive branch of the Government of Andhra Pradesh. They hold various portfolios as decided by the Chief minister of Andhra Pradesh. The current state council of ministers is headed by Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy after the 2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election. The term of every executive wing is for 5 years.
The Telangana Council of Ministers is the executive wing of Government of Telangana and headed by Chief Minister of Telangana, who is the head of government and leader of the state cabinet. The term of every executive wing is for 5 years. The council of ministers are assisted by department secretaries attached to each ministry who are from IAS Telangana Cadre. The chief executive officer responsible for issuing orders on behalf of government is Chief Secretary to the state government.
The Karnataka Council of Ministers is the executive wing of Government of Karnataka and headed by Chief Minister of Karnataka, who is the head of government and leader of the state cabinet. The term of every executive wing is for 5 years. The council of ministers are assisted by department secretaries attached to each ministry who are from IAS Karnataka Cadre. The chief executive officer responsible for issuing orders on behalf of government is Chief Secretary to the state government.
