Thais in the United Kingdom

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Thais in the United Kingdom
คนไทยในสหราชอาณาจักร
Total population
Thai-born residents
44,086 (2011 census)
Regions with significant populations
United Kingdom
In particular London, Manchester, Sussex, Sheffield, Birmingham, York, Bath, Glasgow, Edinburgh
Languages
British English, Thai
Religion
Buddhism
Related ethnic groups
Thai people, Thai diaspora, East Asians in the United Kingdom

Thais in the United Kingdom (also known as Thai Britons) [1] [2] are British citizens who trace their Thai ancestry from migrants who have migrated from Thailand or Thais residing in the United Kingdom for work or educational purposes.

Contents

Population

The 2011 Census recorded 39,784 Thai-born residents in England, 1,566 residents in Wales, [3] 2,267 in Scotland, [4] and 469 in Northern Ireland. [5] At the time of the 2001 UK Census, 16,257 people born in Thailand were residing in the UK. [6]

Of the Thai-born people in the UK in 2001, 72 per cent were women (although in the British capital, this percentage was slightly lower at 68 per cent) which is considerably larger than the more or less 50/50 breakdown of males and females in the UK. The Home Office states that the overwhelming majority of new Thai immigrants to the UK became naturalised citizens through marriage, with less than one in three cases occurring through residence. [7] Between 2003 and 2006, 64 per cent of all settlement grants to Thai immigrants were given to wives, 3 per cent to husbands and 14 per cent to children. This means that the Thai community in the UK is surprisingly widespread, as marriage migrants are likely to be scattered across the country with their partners, instead of following the trend of migrant groups settling together in large cities. Despite this, due to their large populations already, the cities of London, Sheffield, Birmingham and Glasgow are all home to significant numbers of people of Thai origin. [7]

Culture

Community

There are many Thai organisations and associations located across the United Kingdom. One of the most notable Thai British associations is Samaggi Samagom, set up in 1901 by King Rama VI of Thailand. Its main aim was to unite and reinforce harmonious relationships amongst Thai people in the United Kingdom by organising various events and activities. Over a century later, Samaggi Samagom represents close to 40,000 Thais in the UK and still arranges events that are seen as extremely important dates in the Thai British calendar. [8]

Religion

The Amaravati Thai Buddhist Monastery in Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire Amaravati Buddhist Monastery 5.jpg
The Amaravati Thai Buddhist Monastery in Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire

There are a large number of Thai temples in the UK with the oldest and most famous being the Wat Buddhapadipa in Wimbledon, London, which is home to monks and nuns, but welcomes visitors of any faith to view the grounds and temple as long as they are respectful. In 2004, Wat Charoenbhavana in Manchester became the first Thai temple to be established in the region. Also Amaravati Buddhist Monastery is a monastery in the Thai Forest Tradition of the Theravada lineage of Buddhism, it can be found in Hemel Hempstead. Other examples of such Thai monasteries in the UK include Chithurst Buddhist Monastery in Chithurst, West Sussex and Aruna Ratanagiri in Northumberland. Despite not being British himself, Luang Por Chah is an important figure for the Thai Buddhist community in the UK. [7]

Sport

The Samaggi Games are an annual event for Thai students in the UK, normally attracting around 1,000 participants. Normally held in February or March each year, it is one of the most popular events organised by Samaggi Samagom (the Thai Student Association in the UK). The games have always been held at a university, and include such sports as football, basketball, tennis, badminton, table tennis, squash, chairball and some traditional Thai games such as Thai chess. Notable Britons of Thai origin in general sport include the professional football players Tom Ramasut and Jamie Waite. Former Prime Minister of Thailand, Thaksin Shinawatra is known in the UK for his involvement with Manchester City Football Club, as well as his attempt to gain British citizenship. [8] Leicester City Football Club is currently owned by Thai businessman Aiyawatt Srivaddhanaprabha who took over from his father Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha. [9] [10]

Skills

Education

Between 2003 and 2006, over half of all Thais to enter the UK (regardless of how long they intended to stay in the country) were students. The UK is a popular destination for Thai expatriate students with the most popular subjects areas being the English language, Master's degree courses and PhD courses. [7] Thais are a well-educated group of immigrants in the UK, and according to the 2001 Census, 39 per cent of Thai-born Londoners had higher level qualifications, compared to the city's 31 per cent average.

According to research by the Runnymede Trust, many Thai immigrants to the UK wish their children to be bilingual in Thai and English, but opportunities to learn Thai are limited. Other than private tutoring, a number of institutions across the country offer Thai language classes, including Wat Buddhapadipa, the Bournemouth Thai School, the Brasshouse Language Centre and the School of Oriental and African Studies. English language classes have proved extremely popular with first-generation Thai immigrants. [7] Besides the nationwide Samaggi Samagom Thai students society, there are also regional Thai Student Associations.

Employment

According to the 2001 UK Census, Thai-born Londoners were most likely to be working in industries such as hotels and restaurants (40.8%, which is much, much higher than the capital's average of 4.6% of the population working in this industry), wholesale and retail (13.0%) as well as real estate and renting (11.8%). [7] There are estimated to be almost 2,000 Thai restaurants in the UK owned primarily by Thai immigrants. Despite their success in many professions, discrimination is seen by many Thais in the UK as a reason for limiting where they are employed. Many Thai women find themselves caught up in human trafficking, with 20 out of the 33 London boroughs reporting numerous female Thai sex workers. The Home Office suggests that Thailand is one of the most likely countries of origin for women trafficked into the UK for sex work. Employment statistics for second and third generation Thai British people are not known, although it is thought they are becoming much more integrated into British society than their parents. [7]

Notable individuals

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ajahn Chah</span> Thai Buddhist monk (1918–1992)

Ajahn Chah was a Thai Buddhist monk. He was an influential teacher of the Buddhadhamma and a founder of two major monasteries in the Thai Forest Tradition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amaravati Buddhist Monastery</span> Theravada Buddhist monastery

Amaravati is a Theravada Buddhist monastery at the eastern end of the Chiltern Hills in South East England. Established in 1984 by Ajahn Sumedho as an extension of Chithurst Buddhist Monastery, the monastery has its roots in the Thai Forest Tradition. It takes inspiration from the teachings of the community's founder, the late Ajahn Chah. Its chief priorities are the training and support of a resident monastic community, and the facilitation for monastic and lay people alike of the practice of the Buddha's teachings.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Santacittārāma</span>

Santacittārāma is the name of the Italian Theravada Buddhist monastery in the Thai Forest Tradition lineage of Ajahn Chah located near Rome. In the spring of 1990 the Italian Bhikkhu Ajahn Thanavaro and then Anagārika John Angelori were sent by Ajahn Sumedho to take up residence in a small house outside the village of Sezze south of Rome. Later, with an important contribution from the Thai community, a more suitable location was found in Poggio Nativo in the countryside of Sabina. and a larger monastery was established in 1997 with separate buildings for visitors and Kutis in the woods for residents and visiting Bhikkhus. Mrs. Natchari Thananan, the wife of the Thai Ambassador to Italy, Anurak Thananan, was instrumental in raising funds for this monastery. Some years later the Santacittārāma Association acquired an adjoining property, with a building used mainly to accommodate elderly monks (Nirodha), and a large Temple was constructed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ajahn Sundara</span> Buddhist monastic

Ajahn Sundara is a French-born Buddhist sīladhārā in the tradition established by Ajahn Sumedho.

The Sīladharā Order is a Theravada Buddhist female monastic order established by Ajahn Sumedho at Chithurst Buddhist Monastery, England. Its members are known as Sīladharās.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chithurst Buddhist Monastery</span> English Theravada Buddhist monastery

Cittaviveka, commonly known as Chithurst Buddhist Monastery, is an English Theravada Buddhist Monastery in the Thai Forest Tradition. It is situated in West Sussex, England in the hamlet of Chithurst between Midhurst and Petersfield. It was established in 1979 in accordance with the aims of the English Sangha Trust, a charity founded in 1956 to support the ordination and training of Buddhist monks (bhikkhus) in the West. The current abbot, since 2019, is Ajahn Ahimsako.

Buddhism in the United Kingdom has a small but growing number of adherents which, according to a Buddhist organisation, is mainly a result of conversion. In the UK census for 2011, there were about 247,743 people who registered their religion as Buddhism, and about 174,000 who cited religions other than Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, Islam, Jainism and Sikhism. This latter figure is likely to include some people who follow the traditional Chinese folk religion which also includes some elements of Buddhism.

Buddhism in England has growing support. 238,626 people in England declared themselves to be Buddhist at the 2011 Census and 34% of them lived in London.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wat Pah Nanachat</span> Theravāda Buddhist monastery in Thailand

Wat Pah Nanachat is a Theravāda Buddhist monastery in northeast Thailand, about 15 kilometres from the city of Ubon Rachathani. It was established in 1975 by Ajahn Chah as a training community for non-Thais according to the norms of the Thai Forest Tradition. Resident monks, novices and postulants include a wide range of nationalities. The primary language of communication and instruction is English.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wat Nong Pah Pong</span> Theravāda Buddhist monastery in Thailand

Wat Nong Pah Pong is a Theravāda Buddhist monastery in Warin Chamrap, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand. It was established by the late Ajahn Chah as the main monastery of the Thai Forest Tradition.

Aruna Ratanagiri Buddhist Monastery is a Theravada Buddhist monastery of the Thai Forest Tradition in Northumberland, England. The community consists of monks, novices and postulants from a wide range of nationalities, usually numbering around eight Sangha members. The monastery includes an adjacent lay retreat facility known as Kusala House.

Birken Forest Buddhist Monastery, or Sītavana, is a Theravada Buddhist monastery in the Thai Forest Tradition near Kamloops, British Columbia. It serves as a training centre for monastics and also a retreat facility for laypeople. Its abbot is Venerable Ajahn Soṇa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dhammakaya Tradition UK</span>

The Dhammakaya Tradition is one distinctive tradition of Thai Buddhism that has had a pioneering role in establing Buddhist practice in England since 1954.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha</span> Thai businessman (1958–2018)

Khun Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha was a Thai billionaire businessman and the founder, owner, and chairman of King Power. He was the owner of Premier League team Leicester City from 2010 until his death in a helicopter crash at the club's King Power Stadium in 2018.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">King Power</span> Thai Duty-free shop

The King Power International Group is a Thai travel retail group, based in Bangkok. The chairman and CEO was Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha until his death in October 2018. He was succeeded as chairman by his son, Aiyawatt Srivaddhanaprabha.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ajahn Sucitto</span> British-born Theravada Buddhist monk (born 1949)

Ajahn Sucitto is a British-born Theravada Buddhist monk. He was, between 1992 and 2014, the abbot of Cittaviveka, Chithurst Buddhist Monastery. Sucitto was born in London and ordained in Thailand in March 1976. He returned to Britain in 1978 and took up training under Ajahn Sumedho at the Hampstead Buddhist Vihara. In 1979 he was one of the small group of monks, led by Ajahn Sumedho, who established Cittaviveka, Chithurst Buddhist Monastery, in West Sussex. In 1981 he was sent up to Northumberland to set up a small monastery in Harnham, which subsequently became Aruna Ratanagiri. In 1984 he accompanied Ajahn Sumedho in establishing Amaravati Buddhist Monastery in Hertfordshire. In 1992 he was appointed abbot of Cittaviveka. On 26 October 2014, he resigned the post, but intends to continue teaching as before.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aiyawatt Srivaddhanaprabha</span> Thai businessman

Aiyawatt 'Top' Srivaddhanaprabha is a Thai businessman, the CEO and chairman of King Power, and the chairman of Leicester City and OH Leuven. On Forbes' 2020 World’s Billionaires List he was one of the five youngest billionaires in Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ajahn Viradhammo</span> Canadian Theravada Buddhist monk (b. 1947)

Ajahn Viradhammo or Luang Por Viradhammo is a Canadian monk in the Thai forest tradition of Theravada Buddhism. He was ordained as a monk in 1974 by Ajahn Chah at Wat Nong Pah Pong monastery and became one of the first residents at Wat Pah Nanachat, the international monastery in north-east Thailand. Luang Por Viradhammo is the most senior Thai Forest monk in Canada and currently the Abbot of Tisarana Buddhist Monastery in Perth, Ontario. Luang Por means Venerable Father (หลวงพ่อ), an honorific and term of affection in keeping with Thai custom; ajahn means teacher.

References

  1. ↑ Harrow, Marietta (2008). "Working Effectively with Minority Ethnic Food Businesses: Resource Handbook" (PDF). YFA Consultancy/Food Standards Agency. pp. 50–51. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 April 2013. Retrieved 28 September 2010.
  2. ↑ Bluck, Robert (2006). British Buddhism: Teachings, Practice and Development. Abingdon: Routledge. p. 27. ISBN   0-415-39515-1.
  3. ↑ "Table QS213EW: 2011 Census: Country of birth (expanded), regions in England and Wales". Office for National Statistics. 26 March 2013. Retrieved 5 July 2015.
  4. ↑ "Country of birth (detailed)" (PDF). National Records of Scotland. Retrieved 5 July 2015.
  5. ↑ "Country of Birth - Full Detail: QS206NI". Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 5 July 2015.
  6. ↑ "Country-of-birth database". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Archived from the original on 11 May 2005. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Mai Sims, Jessica (2008). "Empowering Individuals & Creating Community – Thai Perspectives on Life in Britain". London: Runnymede Trust. Retrieved 28 September 2010.
  8. 1 2 Samaggi Samagom Official Site
  9. ↑ "Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha - University of Leicester". University of Leicester. Retrieved 30 August 2018.
  10. ↑ Blackwell, Jordan. "'Mini version' – Brendan Rodgers and OH Leuven boss reveal what Top is like as a chairman". Leicester Mercury . Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  11. ↑ "Profile: Abhisit Vejjajiva". BBC News. 17 March 2010. Retrieved 18 February 2011.
  12. ↑ "Thai PM admits British nationality". The Guardian. Associated Press. 24 February 2011. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  13. ↑ Duncan Campbell (9 February 2009). "British professor flees Thailand after charge of insulting king". The Guardian. Retrieved 28 February 2011. A leading Bangkok-based professor who has joint British and Thai nationality fled Thailand....
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