Trossingen Formation

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Trossingen Formation
Stratigraphic range: Norian-Rhaetian
~220–201  Ma
Sauriergrabung in Trossingen 1912.jpg
Excavation in 1912
Type Geological formation
Unit of Keuper
Sub-unitsFeuerletten, Grenzmergel & Knollenmergel Members
Underlies Exter Formation
Overlies Löwenstein Formation
ThicknessFranconia: 55–60 m (180–197 ft)
Southern Württemberg: 10 m (33 ft)
Lithology
Primary Marl, claystone
Other Mudstone, sandstone, conglomerate
Location
Coordinates 48°48′N9°12′E / 48.8°N 9.2°E / 48.8; 9.2
Approximate paleocoordinates 31°54′N10°24′E / 31.9°N 10.4°E / 31.9; 10.4
Region Central Europe
CountryFlag of Germany.svg  Germany
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland
ExtentSouthern half of Germany
Type section
Named for Trossingen
Named byBeutler
Year defined2005
Relief Map of Germany.svg
Pink ff0080 pog.svg
Pink ff0080 pog.svg
Pink ff0080 pog.svg
Pink ff0080 pog.svg
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Trossingen Formation (Germany)
Selected fauna of the Trossingen Formation Trossingen formation NT.jpg
Selected fauna of the Trossingen Formation

The Trossingen Formation, formerly the Knollenmergel, is a geological formation in Germany and Switzerland. It dates back to the late Norian-Rhaetian. [1]

Contents

Vertebrate paleofauna

Dinosaurs of the Trossingen Formation
genusSpeciesLocationMaterialNotesImages
Plateosaurus [2] P. erlenbergiensis"Partial skull and skeleton." [3] Nomen dubium
Plateosaurus specimens from Trossingen Plateosaurus panorama.jpg
Plateosaurus specimens from Trossingen
P. longiceps [2] Includes "cf. Palaeosaurus ?diagnosticus" [4]
P. engelhardti [1] Nomen dubium
P. trossingensis
Prosauropoda [1] Indeterminate remains [1] Includes P. plieningeri, P. quenstedti and, Gresslyosaurus robustus . "Pachysaurus" species P. ajax, P. giganteus, P. magnus, P. reiningeri, and P. wetzelianus [1] Several of these may belong to Plateosaurus engelhardti
Tuebingosaurus [6] T.maierfritzorumKnown from a partial postcranial skeletonA derived sauropodiform, previously attributed to P. plieningeri.
Pterospondylus [7] P. trielbaeKnown from a vertebra
Pterospondylus restoration.jpg
Gresslyosaurus [8] G. ingens"Incomplete sacrum, caudals, metacarpal, partial hindlimb." [9]
G. torgeri [8] Kanton Baselland [8] "Postcranial skeleton" [9] Indeterminate prosauropod remains. [8] A referred skull was once known but has since been lost. [9]
Halticosaurus [10] H. liliensterni [11] Thüringen [11]
H. longotarsus [4] Sachsen-Anhalt [4] Indeterminate coelophysoid remains
Liliensternus [11] L. liliensterni [11] Thüringen [11] Two partial skeletons of subadults [12] "(= Halticosaurus liliensterni)" [11]
Liliensternus NT.jpg
Ruehleia [11] R. bedheimensis [11] Thüringen [11] "Nearly complete skeleton, [two] incomplete skeletons, juvenile to adult." [13]
Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxonTaxon falsely reported as presentDubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

See also

Related Research Articles

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<i>Plateosaurus</i> Prosauropod dinosaur

Plateosaurus is a genus of plateosaurid dinosaur that lived during the Late Triassic period, around 214 to 204 million years ago, in what is now Central and Northern Europe. Plateosaurus is a basal (early) sauropodomorph dinosaur, a so-called "prosauropod". The type species is Plateosaurus trossingensis; before 2019, that honor was given to Plateosaurus engelhardti, but it was ruled as undiagnostic by the ICZN. Currently, there are three valid species; in addition to P. trossingensis, P. longiceps and P. gracilis are also known. However, others have been assigned in the past, and there is no broad consensus on the species taxonomy of plateosaurid dinosaurs. Similarly, there are a plethora of synonyms at the genus level.

<i>Procompsognathus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Procompsognathus is an extinct genus of coelophysid theropod dinosaur that lived approximately 210 million years ago during the later part of the Triassic Period, in what is now Germany. Procompsognathus was a small-sized, lightly built, ground-dwelling, bipedal carnivore, that could grow up to 1 m (3.3 ft) long.

<i>Liliensternus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Liliensternus is an extinct genus of basal neotheropod dinosaur that lived approximately 210 million years ago during the latter part of the Triassic Period in what is now Germany. Liliensternus was a moderate-sized, bipedal, ground-dwelling carnivore, that could grow up to 5.15 m (16.9 ft) long. It is the best represented Triassic theropod from Europe and one of the largest known.

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Pachysauriscus is a genus of plateosaurian sauropodomorpha from the Late Triassic (Norian) of southern Germany. Although previously synonymized with Plateosaurus, a number of papers published since the early 2000s have cast doubt on this synonymy.

Halticosaurus (pron.:"HAL-tick-oh-SORE-us") is a dubious genus of theropod dinosaur from the late Triassic period. It is known from a single fragmentary fossil specimen of the species H. longotarsus, found in the Middle Stubensandstein formation of what is present-day Germany The only known specimen was poorly preserved and may have been put together from bones of unrelated animals. Further research would be required to determine which of the bones belonged together, and what kind of theropod Halticosaurus was. However, most of the bones have been lost. For these reasons, Halticosaurus is considered to be a nomen dubium.

<i>Teratosaurus</i> Extinct genus of reptiles

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<i>Efraasia</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Efraasia is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur. It was a herbivore which lived during the middle Norian stage of the Late Triassic, around 210 million years ago, in what is now Germany. It was named in 1973 after Eberhard Fraas, who during the early twentieth century collected what were the original type specimens.

Peter Malcolm Galton is a British vertebrate paleontologist who has to date written or co-written about 190 papers in scientific journals or chapters in paleontology textbooks, especially on ornithischian and prosauropod dinosaurs.

<i>Pterospondylus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Pterospondylus is a dubious genus of theropod dinosaur from the Late Triassic. It was a coelophysid theropod which lived in what is now Germany. The type species, Pterospondylus trielbae,, was described by Jaekel in 1913-14 for a single back vertebra found inside the shell of the Proganochelys turtle. Sometimes, it is aligned with Procompsognathus, or even considered to be synonymous with it, despite being based on a vertebra that is twice the size of the corresponding bone in Procompsognathus. P. trielbae has no diagnostic features and is therefore considered a nomen dubium.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plateosauridae</span> Extinct family of dinosaurs

Plateosauridae is a family of plateosaurian sauropodomorphs from the Late Triassic of Europe, Greenland, Africa and Asia. Although several dinosaurs have been classified as plateosaurids over the years, the family Plateosauridae is now restricted to Plateosaurus, Yimenosaurus, Euskelosaurus, and Issi. In another study, Yates (2003) sunk Sellosaurus into Plateosaurus. Gresslyosaurus is alternatively considered its own genus or a synonym of Plateosaurus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Otto Jaekel</span> German paleontologist and geologist (1863–1929)

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The Löwenstein Formation is a lithostratigraphic formation of the Keuper in Germany. It is underlain by the Mainhardt Formation and overlain by the Trossingen Formation. It dates back to the middle Norian.

<i>Dyoplax</i> Extinct genus of reptiles

Dyoplax is an extinct genus of pseudosuchian archosaur, possibly an erpetosuchid. Fossils have been found from the type locality within the upper Schilfsandstein Formation in Stuttgart, Germany. The holotype specimen was a natural cast of a nearly complete skeleton that lacked only parts of the tail and limb bones.

The Stuttgart Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carnian stage of the Triassic period.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Exter Formation</span>

The Exter Formation is the only formation of the Upper Keuper or Rhätsandstein, and is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Rhaetian of the Triassic period.

The Klettgau Formation is a geological formation in Switzerland. It is Late Triassic in age, covering most of the mid to late Norian, the Carnian, and into the Rhaetian, spanning a period of 26-30 million years.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Weishampel et al., 2004, pp.521–525
  2. 1 2 "17.1 Niedersachsen, Germany; 1. Knollenmergel" and "17.4 Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany; 1. Knollenmergel," in Weishampel et al., 2004, p.524
  3. "Table 12.1," in Weishampel et al., 2004, p.237
  4. 1 2 3 4 "17.4 Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany; 1. Knollenmergel," in Weishampel et al., 2004, p.524
  5. "17.1 Niedersachsen, Germany; 1. Knollenmergel," in Weishampel et al., 2004, p.524
  6. Regalado Fernández OR, Werneburg I (2022). "A new massopodan sauropodomorph from Trossingen Formation (Germany) hidden as 'Plateosaurus' for 100 years in the historical Tübingen collection". Vertebrate Zoology. 72: 771–822. doi: 10.3897/vz.72.e86348 .
  7. "Table 3.1," in Weishampel et al., 2004, p.50
  8. 1 2 3 4 "18.1 Kanton Baselland, Switzerland; 1. Knollenmergel," in Weishampel et al., 2004, p.524
  9. 1 2 3 "Table 12.1," in Weishampel et al., 2004, p.236
  10. "17.4 Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany; 1. Knollenmergel" and "17.5 Thuringen, Germany; 1. Knollenmergel," in Weishampel et al., 2004, p.524
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "17.5 Thuringen, Germany; 1. Knollenmergel," in Weishampel et al., 2004, p.524
  12. "Table 3.1," in Weishampel et al., 2004, p.48
  13. "Table 12.1," in Weishampel et al., 2004, p.235

Bibliography

Further reading