Tulipa alberti

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Tulipa alberti
Tulipa alberti Gartenflora 26 t 912 (1877).jpg
Illustration of Tulipa alberti from Gartenflora magazine in 1877
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Liliales
Family: Liliaceae
Subfamily: Lilioideae
Tribe: Lilieae
Genus: Tulipa
Species:
T. alberti
Binomial name
Tulipa alberti
Synonyms

None known [1]

Tulipa alberti, or Albert's tulip, is a species of flowering plant in the family Liliaceae. It has long reddish, orange or pink flowers. It comes from the mountains of Central Asia.

Contents

Description

It has an ovoid shaped bulb, which is 4 cm (2 in) in diameter. [2]

It has an erect, [3] glaucous stem which is 18–20 cm (7–8 in) tall. [2] [3] [4]

It has 3-4 leaves, [2] [3] which are glaucous green, [4] [5] [6] without blotches, [6] and broad. [3] [4] [7] They are lanceolate (lance shaped), [6] [3] or crispate (curled). [2] The basal leaf is around 14 cm (6 in) long, [3] [6] and around 6 cm (2 in) wide. [2] Other leaves can be 11 cm (4 in) by 2.3 cm (1 in) wide, [2] and undulated, [3] [5] or wavy. [7]

It has a solitary flower, [3] which blooms in mid spring, [4] in April. [3] [6]

The cup-shaped flower, [3] is similar in shape to those of Tulipa greigii , [5] or Tulipa armena . [8]

The blossoms come in a range of colours, from orange with reddish tint, [3] [6] [9] to orange, [8] orange-pink, [2] red, [4] and dark claret. [2] There is an occasional yellow form. [3] [8] [7]

The flowers have 3 inner petals and 3 outer petals. [7] [6] Normally the three inner tepals of T. alberti are obtuse, [6] and folded to the inside, [7] and the three outer tepals are sub-acute, [6] and folded to the outside. [7] The outer tepals are 8 cm (3 in) long and 6 cm (2 in) wide. [2] The petals are marked at the base with a blotch of lemon yellow, [9] or yellow margined with red-brown, [6] dark purple, [3] or black. [5] [8] The rare yellow forms of both T. greigii and T. alberti can have a crimson blotch on the inner side of the petal. [7]

In the stamen, it has 2.9 cm long stamens, [2] small yellow, [6] filaments 1.4 cm long and anthers similar in length to the filaments, which are dark purple in shade, [6] or sometimes yellow in the pale coloured forms. [2] It has a peduncle, which is erect, pubescent, 6–8 in (152–203 mm) long. [6]

After flowering, it produces a seed capsule. It has a light green, cylindrical ovary, which is 2.2 cm long and 0.7 cm wide. The ovoid with tapering tops, seed capsule is 4.3 cm long and 2.5 cm wide. Inside are bright brown, sub-triangular seeds, 0.6 cm long and 0.5 cm wide. [2]

Biochemistry

Most tulips are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes. Most species of Tulipa have the same basic chromosome number, 2n = 2x = 24. [7] [2]

Natural cytokinin-like substances were found in ethanol extracts from the bulbs. [10]

Taxonomy

The genus name (of Tulipa) comes the Latinized version of the Turkish name tulbend meaning a turban. [3]

It is commonly known as Albert's tulip. [3]

The specific epithet alberti, refers Johann Albert von Regel, who was the son of Eduard August von Regel. [3] [11] [12] Johann was with him while he collected during a botanical excursions in Turkestan and in the Pamir region of Central Asia.

T. alberti was originally found in Turkestan, [5] [11] and then described and published by Eduard August von Regel (1815–1892), German botanist in Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada (Proceedings of the Petersburg Botanical Garden) Vol.5 on page 264 in 1877. [13] It was also published by Regel in Gartenflora Vol.26 on page 257 in 1877. [1] [11]

In taxonomic theory, it should be called albertii (with an extra i at the end), [3] but due to the results of a taxonomic conference Shenzhen ICN Art. 60.8, it was deemed permissible to leave it as alberti. It is also an accepted name and was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 16 November 1993. [13] Some sources still call it Tulipa albertii. [1] [8] [3]

Distribution and habitat

Stamp from Kazakhstan in 1997, featuring Tulipa alberti Stamp of Kazakhstan 183.jpg
Stamp from Kazakhstan in 1997, featuring Tulipa alberti

It is native to the temperate areas of Central Asia, [3] [13] [11] or Middle Asia. [2]

Range

It is found in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan (around Lake Balkhash, [2] ) and Uzbekistan. [3] [13]

It is found on the Tien Shan mountains (crossing the three countries), alongside other tulips such as Tulipa kaufmanniana and Tulip zenaidae (now classed as a synonym of Tulipa lehmanniana Merckl.). [14]

Habitat

It grows on the gravelly slopes. [2]

Culture

In 1997, a set of stamps with images of tulips was released in Kazakhstan. The series included, Tulipa regelii , Tulipa greigii and Tulipa alberti. [15]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Liliaceae</span> Family of flowering plants in order Liliales, including lilies

The lily family, Liliaceae, consists of about 15 genera and 610 species of flowering plants within the order Liliales. They are monocotyledonous, perennial, herbaceous, often bulbous geophytes. Plants in this family have evolved with a fair amount of morphological diversity despite genetic similarity. Common characteristics include large flowers with parts arranged in threes: with six colored or patterned petaloid tepals arranged in two whorls, six stamens and a superior ovary. The leaves are linear in shape, with their veins usually arranged parallel to the edges, single and arranged alternating on the stem, or in a rosette at the base. Most species are grown from bulbs, although some have rhizomes. First described in 1789, the lily family became a paraphyletic "catch-all" (wastebasket) group of lilioid monocots that did not fit into other families and included a great number of genera now included in other families and in some cases in other orders. Consequently, many sources and descriptions labelled "Liliaceae" deal with the broader sense of the family.

<i>Tulipa pulchella</i> Species of flowering plant

Tulipa pulchella is a dwarf species of flowering plant in the family Liliaceae, native to Iran and Turkey. It grows from a bulb 1–2 cm diameter, which produces a flowering stem up to 20 cm tall. The leaves are glaucous-green, 10–15 cm long. The flowers are reddish-purple, with six tepals 3 cm long and 1.5 cm broad.

<i>Tulipa turkestanica</i> Species of flowering plant

Tulipa turkestanica, the Turkestan tulip, is a species of tulip native to Central Asia. It was first described by Eduard August von Regel in 1873 as a variety of T. sylvestris, then elevated to full species status two years later.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tulip</span> Genus of plants

Tulips (Tulipa) are a genus of spring-blooming perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes. The flowers are usually large, showy and brightly coloured, generally red, pink, yellow, or white. They often have a different coloured blotch at the base of the tepals, internally. Because of a degree of variability within the populations, and a long history of cultivation, classification has been complex and controversial. The tulip is a member of the lily family, Liliaceae, along with 14 other genera, where it is most closely related to Amana, Erythronium and Gagea in the tribe Lilieae.

<i>Tulipa armena</i> Species of plant in the family Liliaceae

Tulipa armena is a species of flowering plant in the Liliaceae family. It is referred to by the common name Armenian tulip, and is native to the historical Armenian Highlands as the name implies; current regions of Armenia, modern day Turkey, Iran, South Caucasus, and Azerbaijan.

<i>Tulipa sprengeri</i> Species of flowering plant

Tulipa sprengeri, or Sprenger's tulip, is a wild tulip from the Pontic coast of Turkey. It is quite rare and possibly extinct in the wild, but widely cultivated as an ornamental.

<i>Tulipa suaveolens</i> Species of flowering plant

Tulipa suaveolens syn. Tulipa schrenkii, the van Thol tulip or Schrenck's tulip, is a bulbous herbaceous perennial of species of tulip (Tulipa) in the family of the Liliaceae. It belongs to the section tulipa. It is the probable wild ancestor of the garden tulip.

<i>Tulipa linifolia</i> Species of flowering plant

Tulipa linifolia, the flax-leaved tulip or Bokhara tulip, is a species of flowering plant in the tulip genus Tulipa, family Liliaceae, native to Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, northern Iran and Afghanistan. Growing to 20 cm (8 in) tall, it is a bulbous perennial with wavy red-margined sword-shaped leaves, and bowl-shaped red flowers in early to mid-spring. Each petal has blackish marks at the base.

<i>Iris kolpakowskiana</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris kolpakowskiana, or Kolpakowski's iris, is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Monolepsis. It is a bulbous perennial from Asia.

<i>Tulipa dasystemon</i> Species of flowering plant

Tulipa dasystemon, synonym Tulipa neustruevae, is a bulbous herbaceous perennial species of tulip (Tulipa) in the family Liliaceae. It belongs to the section Biflores.

Tulipa aleppensis is a wild tulip in the family Liliaceae. It is native to Southeastern Turkey, Syria, near Beirut in Lebanon.

<i>Tulipa hungarica</i> Species of plant in the genus Tulipa

Tulipa hungarica, the Danube tulip, Banat tulip or Rhodope tulip, is a species of flowering plant in the family Liliaceae. It is also in the subgenus Tulipa. It is found on the rocky mountainsides of Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary and Slovenia, especially along the gorges of the river Danube. It has small bright yellow flowers in spring and blue-grey leaves.

Taxonomy of <i>Tulipa</i>

The taxonomy of Tulipa places the genus in the family Liliaceae, and subdivides it as four subgenera, and comprises about 75 species.

<i>Tulipa orphanidea</i> Species of plant in the family Liliaceae

Tulipa orphanidea is a species of flowering plant in the Liliaceae family. It was described by Pierre Edmond Boissier and Theodor Heinrich Hermann von Heldreich (1862).

<i>Tulipa montana</i> Species of plant in the genus Tulipa

Tulipa montana is a species of tulip native to the mountains of Iran and Turkmenistan. With its deep red petals it has been proposed as a candidate for the Biblical Rose of Sharon, whose identity is unknown.

<i>Tulipa biflora</i> Species of plant in the genus Tulipa

Tulipa biflora, the two-flowered tulip, is a species of tulip, native to the former Yugoslavia, Crimea, Anatolia, the Caucasus, southern Russia, Egypt, the Middle East, Central Asia, Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Xinjiang in China. It has many synonyms, including Tulipa polychroma.

<i>Tulipa fosteriana</i> Species of plant in the genus Tulipa

Tulipa fosteriana is a species of tulip, native to the Pamir Mountains and nearby areas of Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.

<i>Tulipa kaufmanniana</i> Species of plant in the genus Tulipa

Tulipa kaufmanniana, the water lily tulip, is a species of tulip native to Central Asia.

<i>Tulipa greigii</i> Species of plant in the genus Tulipa

Tulipa greigii, is a species of tulip native to Central Asia and Iran.

<i>Tulipa praestans</i> Species of plant in the genus Tulipa

Tulipa praestans is a species of tulip native to the mountains of Tajikistan. Many well known cultivars have been formed from the original plant.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Tulipa albertii Regel is an accepted name". theplantlist.org (The Plant List). 23 March 2012. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Z. Botschantzeva Tulips; Taxonomy, Morphology, Cytology, Phytogeography and physiology (1982) , p. 33, at Google Books
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 "Tulipa alberti" . Retrieved 11 April 2021.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 "Tulipa albertii (15)" . Retrieved 11 April 2021.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 "Tulip". LoveToKnow. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 George Nicholson (Editor) The Illustrated Dictionary of Gardening: A Practical and Scientific Encyclopedia of Horticulture for Gardeners and Botanists, Volume 4 (1889) , p. 104, at Google Books
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Zonneveld, Ben J. M. (2009). "The systematic value of nuclear genome size for "all" species of Tulipa L. (Liliaceae)". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 281 (1–4): 217–245. doi: 10.1007/s00606-009-0203-7 . S2CID   28406617.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 "Tulipa albertii". Alpine Garden Society. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
  9. 1 2 "Tulipa alberti". www.kevockgarden.co.uk. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
  10. ↑ American Institute of Biological Sciences Soviet Plant Physiology, Volume 22, Issues 1-3, 1975 , p. 517, at Google Books
  11. 1 2 3 4 "Tulipa alberti | International Plant Names Index". www.ipni.org. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  12. ↑ Lorraine Harrison Latin for Gardeners: Over 3,000 Plant Names Explained and Explored , p. 20, at Google Books
  13. 1 2 3 4 "Taxon: Tulipa alberti Regel". ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  14. ↑ By Michael Fergus and Janar Jandosova Kazakhstan: Coming of Age , p. 59, at Google Books
  15. ↑ "Tulipa alberti (Kazakhstan 1997)" . Retrieved 10 April 2021.

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