White-rumped tanager

Last updated

White-rumped tanager
White-rumped Tanager (7980217735) (cropped).jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Thraupidae
Genus: Cypsnagra
Lesson, R, 1831
Species:
C. hirundinacea
Binomial name
Cypsnagra hirundinacea
(Lesson, R, 1831)
Cypsnagra hirundinacea map.svg

The white-rumped tanager (Cypsnagra hirundinacea) is a South American bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is the only member of the genus Cypsnagra.

Contents

The length is 16 cm with a weight of 25-34 g. They occur mostly in Brazil, also in Paraguay, Bolivia and Suriname at an elevation of 700–1000 m. They inhabit grasslands with few trees. In Brazil they are found in territorial groups of three to six individuals. They eat insects on the ground in the grass or catch them in flight (sallying). Their diet mostly consists of beetles, crickets and grasshoppers but they occasionally eat fruit. The cup shaped nests are placed only 1–2 metres off the ground and are made of woven grasses. The clutch is 3-4 blue eggs which are speckled around the large end with brown or black spots. Helpers born the previous season help mating pair tend the nest and nestlings.

Taxonomy

The taxonomy is a little complicated. The white-rumped tanager was formally described in 1823 by German naturalist Hinrich Lichtenstein under the binomial name Tanagra ruficollis. [2] Unfortunately, this combination had been used in 1789 by German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin for what is now a subspecies of the Greater Antillean bullfinch with the trinomial Melopyrrha violacea ruficollis. [3] [4] [5] In 1831 the French naturalist René Lesson described the white-rumped tanager and introduced the name Cypsnagra (as a subgenus) and the binomial name Tanagra hirundinacea. [6] The type location is Franca in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. [4] The genus name Cypsnagra is a mixture of the Ancient Greek kupselos meaning "swallow" and the genus name Tanagra . The specific epithet is from Modern Latin hirundinaceus meaning "swallow-like". [7]

Two subspecies are recognised: [5]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brazilian teal</span> Species of bird

The Brazilian teal or Brazilian duck is the only duck in the genus Amazonetta. It is widely distributed in eastern South America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rufous-browed peppershrike</span> Species of bird

The rufous-browed peppershrike is a passerine bird in the vireo family. It is widespread and often common in woodland, forest edge, and cultivation with some tall trees from Mexico and Trinidad south to Argentina and Uruguay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Turquoise tanager</span> Species of bird

The turquoise tanager is a medium-sized passerine bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is a resident bird from Trinidad, much of Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela south to Bolivia. It is restricted to areas with humid forest, with its primary distribution being the Amazon. It was formerly treated as being conspecific with the white-bellied tanager which is found in the Atlantic Forest of eastern Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crimson-crested woodpecker</span> Species of bird

The crimson-crested woodpecker is a species of bird in subfamily Picinae of the woodpecker family Picidae. It is found in Panama, Trinidad, and in every mainland South American country except Chile and Uruguay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bay-headed tanager</span> Species of bird

The bay-headed tanager is a medium-sized passerine bird. This tanager is a resident breeder in Costa Rica, Panama, South America south to Ecuador, Bolivia and north-western Brazil, and on Trinidad.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saffron finch</span> Species of bird

The saffron finch is a tanager from South America that is common in open and semi-open areas in lowlands outside the Amazon Basin. They have a wide distribution in Colombia, northern Venezuela, western Ecuador, western Peru, eastern and southern Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, northern Argentina, and Trinidad and Tobago. It has also been introduced to Hawaii, Panama, Puerto Rico and elsewhere. Although commonly regarded as a canary, it is not related to the Atlantic canary. Formerly, it was placed in the Emberizidae but it is close to the seedeaters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shrike-like tanager</span> Species of bird

The shrike-like tanager, also known as the white-banded tanager, is a South American bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is the only member of the genus Neothraupis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Magpie tanager</span> Species of bird

The magpie tanager is a South American species of tanager. It is the only member of the monotypic genus Cissopis. As suggested by its common name, this blue-black and white species is superficially reminiscent of a European magpie. With a total length of 25–30 cm (9.8–11.8 in), a large percentage of which is tail, it is the longest species of tanager. It weighs 69–76 g (2.4–2.7 oz).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scarlet-throated tanager</span> Species of bird

The scarlet-throated tanager is a small passerine bird in the tanager family Thraupidae that is endemic to eastern Brazil. It is the only member of the genus Compsothraupis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roadside hawk</span> Species of bird

The roadside hawk is a relatively small bird of prey found in the Americas. This vocal species is often the most common raptor in its range. It has many subspecies and is now usually placed in the monotypic genus Rupornis instead of Buteo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Swallow tanager</span> Species of bird

The swallow tanager is a species of Neotropic bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is the only member of the genus Tersina. It is found widely throughout South America, from eastern Panama to far northern Argentina. The species is sexually dimorphic: the female is a yellow-green and the male a turquoise blue with a small deep black face and upper throat patch.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sapphire-rumped parrotlet</span> Species of bird

The sapphire-rumped parrotlet is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White-banded swallow</span> Species of bird

The white-banded swallow is a species of bird in the family Hirundinidae. It is black with white thighs, a white breast, and has white bars on the edges of its wings. It has a distinct, deeply forked tail.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cliff flycatcher</span> Species of bird

The cliff flycatcher is a species of bird in the tyrant flycatcher family, Tyrannidae. The cliff flycatcher is the only species in the genus Hirundinea after the swallow flycatcher was merged, becoming subspecies Hirundinea ferruginea bellicosa. It is native to South America, where its natural habitats are cliffs and crags in the vicinity of subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, and heavily degraded former forest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hooded tanager</span> Species of bird

The hooded tanager is a species of bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical mangrove forest, and heavily degraded former forest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Flame-crested tanager</span> Species of bird

The flame-crested tanager is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. Ten subspecies are currently recognized.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Burnished-buff tanager</span> Species of bird

The burnished-buff tanager, also known as the rufous-crowned tanager, is a common South American species of bird in the family Thraupidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spotted tanager</span> Species of bird

The spotted tanager is a species of bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Opal-rumped tanager</span> Species of bird

The opal-rumped tanager is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It is found in the Amazon and Atlantic Forest of South America. The population of the Atlantic Forest has a far paler chest than the other populations, and has often been considered a separate species as the silvery-breasted tanager. Today most authorities treat it as a subspecies of the opal-rumped tanager.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sayaca tanager</span> Species of bird

The sayaca tanager is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae, the tanagers. It is a common resident in northeastern, central, and southeastern Brazil, and Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and northeastern Argentina. A few are recorded from far southeastern Peru, but its status there is unclear, in part due to the potential of confusion with the very similar juveniles of the blue-grey tanager.

References

  1. BirdLife International (2018). "Cypsnagra hirundinacea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2018: e.T22722130A132012428. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22722130A132012428.en . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. Lichtenstein, Hinrich (1823). Verzeichniss der Doubletten des Zoologischen Museums der Königl. Universität zu Berlin : nebst Beschreibung vieler bisher unbekannter Arten von Säugethieren, Vögeln, Amphibien und Fischen (in German). Berlin: T. Trautwein. p. 30.
  3. Gmelin, Johann Friedrich (1788). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis (in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 2 (13th ed.). Lipsiae [Leipzig]: Georg. Emanuel. Beer. pp. 894–895.
  4. 1 2 Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed. (1970). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 13. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. pp. 249–250.
  5. 1 2 Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2020). "Tanagers and allies". IOC World Bird List Version 10.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  6. Lesson, René (1831). Traité d'Ornithologie, ou Tableau Méthodique (in French). Vol. 1. Paris: F.G. Levrault. p. 460.
  7. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 129, 193. ISBN   978-1-4081-2501-4.